| 5040655814 | The Renaissance | The period of artistic, cultural, and intellectual revival from 1300-1600; known as the beginning of modern history because it breaks from Medieval views. | | 0 |
| 5040655815 | Jacob Burckhardt | A 19th century historian who claimed the Renaissance period stood in distinct contrast to the Middle Ages. | | 1 |
| 5040655816 | The Medici Family | Most famous dynasty of merchants and bankers who used their wealth to govern city-states and patronize the arts. | | 2 |
| 5040655817 | Cosimo de Medici | Allied with other powerful families of Florence and became the unofficial ruler of the republic. | | 3 |
| 5040655818 | Lorenzo de Medici | Major patron of the arts. | | 4 |
| 5040655819 | Duchy of Milan | Major enemy of Florence throughout much of the Renaissance. | | 5 |
| 5040655820 | Peace of Lodi | 1454. Resulted in a balance of power and peace between Milan, Florence, and Naples that lasted until French invasions of the 1490s. | | 6 |
| 5040655821 | The Papal States | Controlled by the Renaissance Popes: Alexander VI (Borgia Pope), Julius II (Warrior Pope), and Leo X (Medici Pope). | | 7 |
| 5040655822 | Condottieri | Leaders of private armies hired by cities for military purposes. | | 8 |
| 5040655823 | Girolamo Savonarola | Established theocracy in Florence after removal of Medici familiy. | | 9 |
| 5040655824 | Niccolo Machiavelli | The Prince - Revolutionized politics by describing the methods to obtain and maintain power. Emphasized practical politics. | | 10 |
| 5040655825 | Humanism | Stress education, intellect, and individualism; emphasis on the unique and creative personality. Man wrote on human behavior, not religion. | | 11 |
| 5040655826 | Petrarch | Father of Humanism; Love Letters to Laura - First large group of writings unrelated to the Pope. | | 12 |
| 5040655827 | Leonardo Bruni | Wrote history of Florence; first to use the term "humanism." | | 13 |
| 5040655828 | Lorenzo Valla | On the False Donation of Constantine - Exposed false land claims of the Catholic Church. | | 14 |
| 5040655829 | Marsilio Ficino | Founder of the Platonic Academy. | | 15 |
| 5040655830 | Pico della Mirandola | Oration on the Dignity of Man - Emphasized humans are capable of achieving great things and are made in God's image. | | 16 |
| 5040655831 | Baldassare Castiglione | The Book of The Courtier - Emphasized ideas of the Renaissance Man: well read in classics, a gentleman, warrior, poet, musician, etc. | | 17 |
| 5040655832 | Johann Gutenberg | Printing Press - Facilitated the spread of humanistic literature to the rest of Europe. | | 18 |
| 5040655833 | Giorgio Vasari | Contemporary Renaissance art historian who detailed the lives of many Renaissance artists. | | 19 |
| 5040655834 | Pope Alexander VI | Commissioned a fortune in Renaissance art. Artists such as Michelangelo, Raphael, and Bramante received numerous commissions. | | 20 |
| 5040655835 | New Artistic Techniques | Perspective, proportion, chiaroscuro (light/ shadow), individualism, sfumato (blur/ sharpening of lines), Greek/ Roman influence. | | 21 |
| 5040655836 | Giotto | Considered the first real Renaissance artist. | | 22 |
| 5040655837 | Sandro Botticelli | Birth of Venus. |  | 23 |
| 5040655838 | Michelangelo | Brunelleschi's Dome, the Last Judgement. |  | 24 |
| 5040655839 | Raphael | School of Athens. |  | 25 |
| 5040655840 | Leonardo da Vinci | The Last Supper, Mona Lisa. |  | 26 |
| 5040655841 | Titian | Venus of Urbino. |  | 27 |
| 5040655842 | Ghiberti | The Gates of Paradise. |  | 28 |
| 5040655843 | Donatello | David. |  | 29 |
| 5040655844 | Filippo Brunelleschi | IL Duomo. |  | 30 |
| 5040655845 | Secularism | Emphasis on the here and now rather than the afterlife. | | 31 |
| 5040655846 | Individualism | A sense of human power replaced religious awe, people now valued involvement instead of piety. | | 32 |
| 5040655847 | Laura Creta | Well known humanist and feminist. Epistolae Familiars (Familiar Letters) - Criticism of 15th century gender bias. | | 33 |
| 5040655848 | Christian Humanism | Emphasis on early Church writings for answers to improve society, education, power of human intellect. | | 34 |
| 5040655849 | Erasmus | In Praise of Folly - Criticized immorality and hypocrisy of Church leaders and the clergy. | | 35 |
| 5040655850 | Thomas More | Utopia - Idea of an ideal society with harmony and order, but it lacked individual rights. | | 36 |
| 5040655851 | Jacques Lefevre d'Etables | Leading French humanist; produced five volumes of Psalms that challenged a single, authoritative Bible. | | 37 |
| 5040655852 | Skepticism | Doubt that true knowledge could be obtained. Believed the skeptic must be cautious, critical, and suspend judgement. | | 38 |
| 5040655853 | Cervantes | Don Quixote - Mocking the middle ages; critical of excessive religious idealism and chivalric romance. | | 39 |
| 5040655854 | Brueghel | Hunters in the Snow. |  | 40 |
| 5040655855 | Jan Van Eyck | Arnold Fini and His Bride. |  | 41 |
| 5040655856 | Albrecht Durer | The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse. |  | 42 |
| 5040655857 | Bosch | Bosch's Garden of Earthly Delights. |  | 43 |
| 5040655858 | Women in the Renaissance | Increased education, functioned as "ornaments" to their husbands and make themselves pleasing to the man, sexual-double standard imposed. | | 44 |
| 5040655859 | Christine de Pisan | The City of Ladies - chronological accomplishments of great women in history. | | 45 |
| 5040655860 | Isabella d'Este | Set an example for women to break away from their traditional roles, ruled after the death of her husband. | | 46 |
| 5040655861 | Nuclear Family | A married couple and their unmarried children living together, no extended family. | | 47 |
| 5040655862 | Dowries | The property a woman brings to her husband at marriage; major deciding factor in upper-class unions. | | 48 |
| 5040655863 | Witches | Mainly poor, older, single woman with no strong male influence in their lives, played largely in part by rampant misogyny. | | 49 |
