AP Notes, Outlines, Study Guides, Vocabulary, Practice Exams and more!

Ap Psych Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images
9778146254IntrospectionObservation of one's own mental and emotional process0
9778160435Wilhelm Wundt"Father of Psychology" Introspection First lab in 1879 Germany1
9778172799Edward TichenerStructuralism2
9778188550StructuralismStudy/focus is the structure of the mind3
9778196643William JamesFunctionalism4
9778199345FunctionalismStudy/Focus is how the mind allows people to adapt, live, work, and play5
9778236107GestaltStudy/Focus is the perception and sensation, particularly the perception of patterns and whole figures (The Whole)6
9778247850Max WertheimerGestalt7
9778297832Sigmund FreudPsychoanalysis8
9778304667PsychoanalysisTheory/Therapy based on Freud9
9778408748Freud's TheoryUnconscious mind plays an important role in controlling day-to-day behaviors and thoughts. (Psychodynamic Perspective)10
9778438743John WatsonBehaviorism11
9778444100Ivan PavlovExperiment of classical conditioning in the salivation of dogs in Russia.12
9778468646BehaviorismScience of behavior that focuses on observable behavior only.13
9778481678PsychologyScientific study of behavior and mental processes.14
9778495871Psychology Goals1. Description - What is happening? 2. Explanation - Why is it happening? 3. Prediction - When will it happen again? 4. Control - How can it be changed?15
9778538916Psychodynamic PerspectiveRole of the unconscious mind16
9778549952Behaviorist PerspectiveStudy Psychology focusing on observable actions/behaviors/ and events.17
9778560166Humanistic PerspectiveEmphasizes human potential and free will.18
9778587539Biological Psychology (Biopsychology)Focus of biology underlying behaviors and thoughts.19
9778599801Cognitive PerspectiveFocuses on thoughts or "cognitions"20
9778605830Cognitive NeuroscienceSpecific area of the cognitive perspective that focuses on physical changes in the brain that occur when we think, remember, or engage in other mental processes.21
9778628780Sociocultural PerspectiveRole of social and cultural factors on our behaviors and thoughts .22
9778651511Evolutionary PsychologistsAttempt to explain behavior and thoughts in terms of their adaptive or survival qualities.23
9778662770PsychiatristsReceive medical degree, treat serious psychological disorders, and prescribe meds.24
9778682781PsychologistDoctor Degree, counseling25
9778694598PsychoanalystPsychiatrist or Psychologist who has received training of Freud's terms.26
9778726156Psychiatric Social WorkerReceives Master of Social Work, counseling27
9778743693Scientific Method1. Asking a Question 2. Forming a Hypothesis 3. Test Hypothesis 4. Drawing Conclusions 5. Report your results28
9778767747Observer effectTendency of people or animals to behave differently from normal when they know they are being observed.29
9778776954Observer BiasTendency of observers to see what they expect30
9778830150The Nervous SystemExtensive network of specialized cells that carry information to and from all parts of the body.31
9778843709NeuronsBasic cell that makes up the nervous system and that receives and sends messages within the system.32
9778983422DendritesPart of the neuron that receives messages from other neurons. (Tree)33
9779021918SomaCell body of the neuron responsible for maintaining the life of the cell.34
9779081134AxonTubelike structure that carries the neural message to to other cells35
9779120816Glial cellsCells in the nervous system that support, nourish, and protect neurons along with getting rid of important waste.36
9779138029MyelinFatty substance produced by37
9779503733Axon TerminalBranches at the end of the axon38
9779655910Synaptic KnobRounded areas on the end of the axon terminals.39
9779683974NeurotransmittersChemicals found in the synaptic vesicles that, when released, has an effect on the next cell.40
9779743863Synaptic VesiclesSaclike structures found inside the synaptic knob containing chemicals41
9779747905Synaptic GapMicrosoptic fluid filled space between the synaptic knob of one cell and the dendrites or surface of the next cell42
9779750533Receptor SightsHoles in the dendrites or certain cells of the muscles and glands, which are shaped to fit only certain neurotransmitters.43
9780088381Central Nervous SystemMade up of the brain and spinal cord.44
9780100233Afferent NeuronsSensory - senses to the brain45
9780100234Efferent NeuronsMotor - Spinal cord to muscles46
9780231511Peripheral Nervous SystemMade up of all the nerves and neurons that are NOT in the brain or spinal cord.47
9780243938Somatic Nervous SystemPart of PNS that consists of all the nerves coming from our sensory systems.48
9780248153Automatic Nervous SystemPart of the PNS made up of the nerves going to and from our organs, glands, and involuntary muscles, and is divided into two.49
9780318731Sympathetic DivisionBodies flight/fight mode - includes responses such as increased heart rate, increased breathing, adn dilation of pupils.50
9780335355Parasympathetic divisionControls body when you are at a state of rest. Such as keeping the heart beating when sleeping.51
9781044307Brainstem1. Medulla 2. Pons 3. Reticular Formation 4. Cerebellum52
9781055058MedullaControls life-sustaining functions (Heart beat)53
9781061692PonsInfluences sleep, dreams, and coordination54
9781064585Reticular FormationAttention and Arousal55
9781066477CerebellumControls involuntary movements56
9781073137The Limbic System1. Thalamus 2. Hypothalamus 3. Hippocampus 4. Amygdala57
9781076301ThalamusControl center of the body, receives and sends messages58
9781095695HypothalamusRegulates bodily needs such as thirst59
9781100540HippocampusFormation of long-term memory60
9781111626AmygdalaResponse of fear61
9781124607Broca's AreaLeft Frontal Lobe Language Production62
9781134487Broca's AphasiaTrouble producing words he/she wants to say63
9781150038Wernicke's AreaLeft Temporal Lobe Comprehension of language64
9781161930Wernicke's AphasiaWords do not make sense65
9785467986RodsDetect brightness of light and send information about levels of black, white, and grey66
9785467987ConesColor and produce images67
9785550006Eye68
9785568346Ear69
Powered by Quizlet.com

AP Euro Chapter 21 Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images
6047478051Congress of ViennaA meeting of the Quadruple alliance - Russia, Prussia, Austria, and Great Britain - restoration France, and smaller European states to fashion a general peace settlement that began after the defeat of Napoleon's France in 1814.0
6047484277MetternichAustrian foreign minister who basically controlled the Congress of Vienna. Wanted to promote peace, conservatism, and the repression of liberal reforms and nationalism throughout Europe.1
6047478052Holy AllianceAn alliance formed by the conservative rulers of Austria, Prussia, and Russia in September 1815 that became a symbol of the repression of liberal and revolutionary movements all over Europe.2
6047487002German Confederationconsisted of 38 sovereign states recognized by the Vienna settlement, and was dominated by Austria and Prussia- the confederation had little power and needed the consent of all 38 states to take action.3
6047478053Karlsbad DecreesIssued in 1819, these were designed to uphold Metternich's conservatism, requiring the German states to root out subversive ideas and squelch any liberal organizations.4
6047490416Zollvereina union of German states for the maintenance of a uniform tariff on imports from other countries, and of free trading among themselves.5
6047478054socialismA backlash against the emergence of individualism and the fragmentation of industrial society, and a move toward cooperation and a sense of community; the key ideas were economic planning, greater social equality, snd state regulation of property.6
6047478055MarxismAn influential political program based on the socialist ideas of German radical Karl Marx, which called for a working-class revolution to overthrow capitalist society and establish a Communist state.7
6047478056bourgeoisieThe middle class minority who owned the means of production and, according to Marx, exploited the working-class proletariat.8
6047478057proletariatThe industrial working class who, according to Marx, were unfairly exploited by the profit seeking bourgeoisie.9
6047478058RomanticismAn artistic movement at its height from about 1790 to the 1840s that was in part a revolt against classicism and the enlightenment, characterized by the belief in emotional exuberance unrestrained imagination, and spontaneity in both art and personal life.10
6047478059Corn LawsBritish Laws governing the import and export of grain, which were revised in 1815 to prohibit the importation of foreign grain unless the price at home rose to improbable levels, thus benefiting the aristocracy nut making food prices high for working people.11
6047478060Battle of PeterlooThe army's violent suppression of a protest that took place at Saint Peter's fields in manchester in reaction to the revision of the corn laws.12
6047478061Reform Bill of 1832A major British political reform that increased the number of male voters by about 50 percent and gave political representation to new industrial areas.13
6047501795June DaysA revolt during the month of June in Paris as a result of the abolition of national workshops. This event ended the liberal capitalist and the radical socialists tension ending in victory for liberalism and capitalism.-14
6047478062Great FamineThe result of four years of potato crop failure in the late 1840s in Ireland, a country that had grown dependent on potatoes as a dietary staple.15
6047478063Greater Germanya liberal plan for German national unification that included the German-speaking parts of the Austrian empire, put forth at the national parliament in 1848 but rejected by Austrian readers.16
6047508860Revolutions of 1848Democratic and nationalist revolutions that swept across Europe during a time after the Congress of Vienna when conservative monarchs were trying to maintain their power. The monarchy in France was overthrown. In Germany, Austria, Italy, and Hungary the revolutions failed.17
Powered by Quizlet.com

AP World Chapter 11 Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images
8529511414Middle Agesthe period in western European history between the fall of the Roman Empire and the 15th century.0
8529511415Vikingsseagoing Scandinavian raiders who disrupted coastal areas of Europe from the 8th to 11th centuries; pushed across the Atlantic to Iceland, Greenland, and North America. Formed permanent territories in Normandy and Sicily.1
8529511416manorialismrural system of reciprocal relations between landlords and their peasant laborers during the Middle Ages; peasants exchanged labor for use of land and protection.2
8529511417serfspeasant agricultural laborers within the manorial system.3
8529511418moldboardadjunct to the plow introduced in northern Europe during the Middle Ages; permitted deeper cultivation of heavier soils.4
8529511419three-field systempractice of dividing land into thirds, rotating between two different crops and pasturage—an improvement making use of manure.5
8529511420ClovisKing of the Franks; converted to Christianity circa 496.6
8529511421Carolingiansroyal house of Franks from 8th to 10th century.7
8529511422Charles Martelfirst Carolingian king of the Franks; defeated Muslims at Tours in 732.8
8529511423CharlemagneCarolingian monarch who established large empire in France and Germany circa 800.9
8529511424Holy Roman emperorspolitical heirs to Charlemagne's empire in northern Italy and Germany; claimed title of emperor but failed to develop centralized monarchy.10
8529511425vassalsmembers of the military elite who received land or a benefice from a lord in return for military service and loyalty.11
8529511426William the Conquerorinvaded England from Normandy in 1066; established tight feudal system and centralized monarchy in England.12
8529511427Magna CartaGreat charter issued by King John of England in 1215; represented principle of mutual limits and obligations between rulers and feudal aristocracy and the supremacy of law.13
8529511428parliamentsbodies representing privileged groups; institutionalized the principle that kings ruled with the advice and consent of their subjects.14
8529511429three estatesthe three social groups considered most powerful in Western countries: church, nobles, and urban leaders.15
8529511430Hundred Years Warconflict between England and France (1337-1453).16
8529511431Pope Urban IIorganized the first Crusade in 1095; appealed to Christians to free the Holy Land from Muslim control.17
8529511432Gregory VII11th-century pope who attempted to free church from secular control; quarreled with Holy Roman Emperor Henry IV over practice of lay investiture of bishops.18
8529511433investiturethe practice of appointment of bishops; Pope Gregory attempted to stop it, leading to a conflict with the Holy Roman Emperor Henry IV.19
8529511434Peter AbelardAuthor of Yes and No; university scholar who applied logic to problems of theology; demonstrated logical contradictions within established doctrine.20
8529511435St. Bernard of Clairvauxemphasized role of faith in preference to logic; stressed importance of mystical union with God; successfully challenged Abelard and had him driven from the universities.21
8529511436Thomas Aquinascreator of one of the great syntheses of medieval learning; taught at University of Paris; author of Summas; believed that through reason it was possible to know much about natural order, moral law, and nature of God.22
8529511437scholasticismdominant medieval philosophical approach; so called because of its base in the schools or universities; based on use of logic to resolve theological problems.23
8529511438gothican architectural style that developed during the Middle Ages in western Europe; featured pointed arches and flying buttresses as external supports on main walls.24
8529511439Hanseatic Leaguean organization of north German and Scandinavian cities for the purpose of establishing a commercial alliance.25
8529511440guildsassociations of workers in the same occupation in a single city; stressed security and mutual control; limited membership, regulated apprenticeship, guaranteed good workmanship; held a privileged place in cities.26
8529511441Black Deathbubonic plague that struck Europe in the 14th century; significantly reduced Europe's population; affected social structure.27
Powered by Quizlet.com

AP Lit Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images
10075103894allegorystory or poem that can be used to reveal a hidden meaning The representation of abstract ideas or principals by characters, figures, or events in narrative, dramatic, or pictorial form.0
10075103895alliterationbeginning of same letter or sound in closely connected words The repitition of the same consonant sound at the beginning of several words in a line of poetry1
10075103896allusionindirect of passing reference Reference to someone or something that is known from history literature, religion, politics, sports, science, or another branch of culture. An indirect reference to something (usually in literature)2
10075103897anaphorarepetition in first part of a sentence , to have an artistic meaning Repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive lines in a poem.3
10075103898antagonista hostile person who is opposed to another character The protagonist's adversary4
10075103899apostrophethe figure of speech used to address an imaginary character When a character speaks to a character or object that is not present or is unable to respond5
10075103900approximate rhymewords in rhyming pattern that sound alike6
10075103901asidewhen a character's dialogue is spoken but not heard by other actors on the stage7
10075103902assonancerepetition of vowel sounds8
10075103903blank versepoetry written in meter without an ending rhyme Name for unrhymed iambic pentameter. An iamb is a metrical foot in which an unstressed syllable is followed by a stressed syllable. In iambic pentameter there are five iambs per line making ten syllables.9
10075103904cacophonyblend of unharmonious sounds10
10075103905caesurapause in the middle of a line11
10075103906catharsisthe release of emotions through art (emotional cleanse)12
10075103907flat characterstory character who have no depth, usually has one personality or characteristic13
10075103908round charactercharacter who has complex personality: contradicted person14
10075103909dynamic characterchanges throughout the story, through major conflict15
10075103910static characterperson who doesn't change throughout story keeps same personality16
10075103911characterizationprocess of revealing characters personality17
10075103912climaxpoint where conflict hits its highest point18
10075103913comedydrama that is amusing or funny19
10075103914conflictstruggle between opposing forces20
10075103915connotationsecondary meaning to a word21
10075103916consonancerepetition of same consonant in words close together22
10075103917couplettwo rhyming lines in a verse23
10075103918denotationthe literal meaning of a word24
10075103919denouementfinal outcome of the story25
10075103920deus ex machinaresolution of a plot by chance or coincidence26
10075103921didactic writingwriting with a primary purpose to teach or preach27
10075103922direct presentation of characterauthor telling the reader how a character is and what actions it will do further in the story28
10075103923double rhymerhyme where the repeated vowel is in the second last syllable of words involved (ex; born scorn)29
10075103924dramatic expositionprose commentaries, to provide background information about the characters and their world30
10075103925end rhymerhymes occurring at the end of line31
10075103926end stopped lineline ending in regular punctuation32
10075103927English sonneta sonnet rhyming ababcdcdededgg33
10075103928epiphanywhen a character receives a spiritual insight into they life34
10075103929euphonysmooth choice and arrangement of sounds35
10075103930extended figureA figure of speech sustained or developed through a considerable number of lines or through a whole poem.36
10075103931falling actionEvents after the climax, leading to the resolution37
10075103932feminine rhymelines rhymed by their final two syllables Term that refers to an unstressed extra syllable at the end of a line of iambic pentameter38
10075103933figurative languageLanguage that cannot be taken literally since it was written to create a special effect or feeling.39
10075103934figure of speecha way of saying something other than the ordinary way40
10075103935footbasic unit in the scansion or measurement of verse , stressed and un stressed syllables41
10075103936formexternal pattern or shape of a poem42
10075103937free versePoetry that does not have a regular meter or rhyme scheme43
10075103938hamartiatragic flaw which causes a character's downfall44
10075103939imageryDescription that appeals to the senses (sight, sound, smell, touch, taste)45
10075103940indirect presentation of characterthe personality of a character is revealed by what he or she does or says46
10075103941internal rhymeA word inside a line rhymes with another word on the same line47
10075103942ironyA contrast between expectation and reality48
10075103943verbal ironyA figure of speech in which what is said is the opposite of what is meant49
10075103944dramatic ironyIrony that occurs when the meaning of the situation is understood by the audience but not by the characters in the play.50
10075103945irony of situationrefers to an occurrence that is contrary to what is expected or intended51
10075103946italian sonnetA sonnet consisting of an octave with the rhyme pattern abbaabba, followed by a sestet with the rhyme pattern cdecde or cdcdcd52
10075103947masculine rhymeA rhyme ending on the final stressed syllable Stressed extra syllable at the end of a line53
10075103948melodramaa play based upon a dramatic plot and developed sensationally54
10075103949metaphorA comparison without using like or as55
10075103950meterA regular pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables in a line of poetry The measured arrangement of words in poetry, as by accentual rhythm, syllabic quantity, or the number of syllables in a line.56
10075103951metonymyA figure of speech in which something is referred to by using the name of something that is associated with it57
10075103952motivationA need or desire that energizes and directs behavior58
10075103953narratorPerson telling the story First Person - The narrator is a character in the story Third Person Objective: The narrator does not tell what anyone is thinking; the "fly on a wall" Third Person Limited: The narrator is able to tell the thoughts of one of the characters Third Person Omniscient: The narrator is able to tell the thoughs of any character59
10075103954octave8 line stanza60
10075103955onomatopoeiaA word that imitates the sound it represents.61
10075103956hyperboleA figure of speech that uses exaggeration to express strong emotion, make a point, or evoke humor62
10075103957oxymoronA figure of speech that combines opposite or contradictory terms in a brief phrase.63
10075103958paradoxA contradiction or dilemma64
10075103959paraphraseA restatement of a text or passage in your own words.65
10075103960personificationA figure of speech in which an object or animal is given human feelings, thoughts, or attitudes66
10075103961plotSequence of events in a story67
10075103962point of viewThe perspective from which a story is told68
10075103963omniscient point of viewThe point of view where the narrator knows everything about the characters and their problems - told in the 3rd person.69
10075103964third person limited point of viewnarrator tells the story from only one character's pov70
10075103965first person point of viewa character in the story is actually telling the story himself/herself71
10075103966objective point of viewa narrator who is totally impersonal and objective tells the story, with no comment on any characters or events.72
10075103967protagonistMain character73
10075103968quatrainA four line stanza74
10075103969rhythmA regularly recurring sequence of events or actions.75
10075103970rhyme schemeA regular pattern of rhyming words in a poem76
10075103971rising actionEvents leading up to the climax77
10075103972sarcasmthe use of irony to mock or convey contempt78
10075103973satireA literary work that criticizes human misconduct and ridicules vices, stupidities, and follies.79
10075103974scansionAnalysis of verse into metrical patterns80
10075103975sestet6 line stanza81
10075103976settingThe context in time and place in which the action of a story occurs.82
10075103977simileA comparison using "like" or "as"83
10075103978soliloquyA long speech expressing the thoughts of a character alone on stage84
10075103979sonnet14 line poem85
10075103980stanzaA group of lines in a poem86
10075103981stream of consciousnessprivate thoughts of a character without commentary87
10075103982syllabic verseVerse measured by the number of syllables rather than the number of feet per line.88
10075103983symbolA thing that represents or stands for something else89
10075103984synecdochea figure of speech in which a part is made to represent the whole or vice versa90
10075103985synesthesiadescribing one kind of sensation in terms of another ("a loud color", "a sweet sound")91
10075103986tercet3 line stanza92
10075103987terza rimaa verse form with a rhyme scheme: aba bcb cdc, etc.93
10075103988themeCentral idea of a work of literature94
10075103989toneAttitude a writer takes toward the audience, a subject, or a character95
10075103990tragedyA serious form of drama dealing with the downfall of a heroic or noble character96
10075103991truncationUtilizing a melody with part of the end omitted.97
10075103992understandmentthe deliberate representation of something as lesser in magnitude than it actually is; a deliberate under-emphasis98
10075103993verseA single line of poetry writing arranged with a metrical rhythm, typically having a rhyme99
10075103994vilanellea nineteen-line poem with two rhymes throughout, consisting of five tercets and a quatrain, with the first and third lines of the opening tercet recurring alternately at the end of the other tercets and with both repeated at the close of the concluding quatrain.100
10075103995AmbiguityWhen an author leaves out details or information or is unclear about an event so the reader will use his/her imagination to fill in the blanks.101
10075103996AnecdoteA short story or joke told at the beginning of a speech to gain the audience's attention.102
10075103997Anti-climaticWhen the ending of the plot in poetry or prose is unfulfilling or lackluster103
10075103998AntithesisBalancing words, phrases, or ideas that are strongly contrasted, often by means of grammatical structure104
10075103999AntiheroCentral character who lacks all the qualities traditionally associated with heroes. May lack courage, grace, intelligence, or moral scruples105
10075104000AnthropomorphismAttributing human characteristics to an animal or inanimate object106
10075104001ClimaxThe turning point in the plot or the high point of action107
10075104002Colloquial LanguageInformal, conversational language. Typically phrases that are indicative of a specific region.108
10075104003ConceitAn elaborate metaphor that compares two things that are startlingly different.109
10075104004ConnotationAn idea or meaning suggested by or associated with a word or thing - Bat = evil110
10075104005ConventionAn understanding between a reader and a writer about certain details of a story that does not need to be explained111
10075104006CoupletA pair of rhymed lines that may or may not constitute a separate stanza in a poem.112
10075104007DidacticFrom the Greek, didactic literally means "teaching." Didactic words have the primary aim of teaching or instructing,especially the teaching of moral or ethical principles.113
10075104008Dues Ex MachinaTerm that refers to a character or force that appears at the end of a story or play to help resolve conflict. Word means "god from a machine". In ancient Greek drama, gods were lowered onto the stage by a mechanism to extricate characters from a seemingly hopeless situation. The phrase has come to mean any turn of events that solve the characters' problems through an unexpected and unlikely intervention.114
10075104009DictionThe choice and use of words and phrases in speech or writing115
10075104010DenouementThe final resolution or clarification of a dramatic or narrative plot.116
10075104011DoppelgangerThe alter ego of a character- the suppressed side of one's personality that is usually unaccepted by society.117
10075104012ElegyA poem or song composed especially as a lament for a deceased person.118
10075104013Emotive LanguageDeliberate use of language by a writer to instill a feeling or visual.119
10075104014EnjambmentA line having no pause or end punctuation but having uninterrupted grammatical meaning continuing into the next line.120
10075104015EpicA long narrative poem, written in heightened language, which recounts the deeds of a heroic character who embodies the values of a particular society121
10075104016EpilogueA short poem or speech spoken directly to the audience following the conclusion of a play, or in a novel the epilogue is a short explanation at the end of the book which indicates what happens after the plot ends.122
10075104017EpiphanySudden enlightenment or realization, a profound new outlook or understanding about the world usually attained while doing everyday mundane activities.123
10075104018EpistolaryUsed to describe a novel that tells its story through letters written from one character to another.124
10075104019EpithetA word or phrase preceding or following a name which serves to describe the character. Ex: Alexander the Great.125
10075104020EuphemismA mild or indirect word or expression substituted for one considered to be too harsh or blunt when referring to something unpleasant or embarrassing The act of substituting a harsh, blunt, or offensive comment for a more politically accepted or positive one126
10075104021EuphonyA succession of words which are pleasing to the ear. These words may be alliterative, utilize consonance, or assonance and are often used in poetry but also seen in prose127
10075104022ExpansionAdds an unstressed syllable and a contraction or elision removes an unstressed syllable in order to maintain the rhythmic meter of a line. This practice explains some words frequently used in poetry such as th' in place of the, o'er in place of over, and 'tis or 'twas in place of it is or it was.128
10075104023FableA usually short narrative making an edifying or cautionary point and often employing as characters animals that speak and act like humans129
10075104024FarceA type of comedy in which ridiculous and often stereotyped characters are involved in silly, far-fetched situations130
10075104025FlashbackWhen a character remembers a past event that is relevant to the current action of the story.131
10075104026Flat CharacterA literary character whose personality can be defined by one or two traits and does not change over the course of the story. Flat characters are usually minor or insignificant characters132
10075104027FoilA character that by contrast underscores or enhances the distinctive characteristics of another133
10075104028FolkloreThe traditional beliefs, myths, tales, and practices of a people, transmitted orally.134
10075104029ForeshadowingClues in the text about incidents that will occur later in the plot, foreshadowing creates anticipation in the novel135
10075104030GenreA category of artistic composition, as in music or literature, marked by a distinctive style, form, or content136
10075104031Gothic NovelA genre of fiction characterized by mystery and supernatural horror, often set in a dark castle or other medieval setting137
10075104032HeroineA woman noted for courage and daring action or the female protagonist138
10075104033Hubrisused in Greek tragedies, refers to excessive pride that usually leads to a hero's downfall139
10075104034HyperboleA figure of speech in which exaggeration is used for emphasis or comic/dramatic effect.140
10075104035IllocutionLanguage that avoids meaning of the words. When we speak, sometimes we conceal intentions or sidestep the true subject of a conversation. Writing illocution expresses two stories, one of which is not apparent to the characters, but is apparent to the reader. For example, if two characters are discussing a storm on the surface it may seem like a simple discussion of the weather, however, the reader should interpret the underlying meaning that the relationship is in turmoil, chaos, is unpredictable, As demonstrated the story contains an underlying meaning or parallel meanings141
10075104036ImageryThe use of vivid or figurative language to represent objects, actions, or ideas142
10075104037In medias resA story that begins in the middle of things143
10075104038InversionIn poetry is an intentional digression from ordinary word order which is used to maintain regular meter. For example, rather than saying "the rain came" a poem my say "came the rain". Meter can be formed by the insertion or absence of a pause.144
10075104039IronyWhen one thing should occur, is apparent, or in logical sequence but the opposite actually occurs. Example: A man in the ocean might say, "Water, water everywhere and not a drop to drink."145
10075104040JuxtapositionPoetic and rhetorical device in which normally unassociated ideas, words, or phrases are placed next to one another, creating an effect of surprise and wit146
10075104041Litotes(pronounced almost like "little tee") - a form of understatement that involves making an affirmative point by denying its opposite. Litote is the opposite of hyperbole. Examples: "Not a bad idea," "Not many," "It isn't very serious. I have this tiny little tumor on the brain" (Salinger, Catcher in the Rye).147
10075104042Local Colora term applied to fiction or poetry which tends to place special emphasis on a particular setting, including its customs, clothing, dialect and landscape.148
10075104043Memoiran account based on the author's personal experiences149
10075104044MetaphorA comparison between two objects with the intent of giving clearer meaning to one of them. Often forms of the "to be" verb are used, such as "is" or "was", to make the comparison150
10075104045MotifA recurrent image word phrase represented object or action that tends to unify the literary work or that may be elaborated into a more general theme151
10075104046First Person Point of Viewa character in the story is actually telling the story himself/herself152
10075104047Third Person Objective Point of ViewThe narrator is an outsider who can report only what he or she sees and hears. This narrator can tell us what is happening, but he can't tell us the thoughts of the characters.153
10075104048Third Person Omniscient Point of ViewPoint of view in which an all-knowing narrator who is privy to the thoughts and actions of any or all characters.154
10075104049Third Person Limited Point of ViewThis type of point of view presents the feelings and thoughts of only one character, presenting only the actions of all remaining characters155
10075104050NovellaA shorter fictional prose narrative that ranges from 50-100 pages in length.156
10075104051Neutral LanguageLanguage opposite from emotive language as it is literal or even objective in nature.157
10075104052Oblique RyhmeImperfect rhyme scheme158
10075104053Odea lyric poem in the form of an address to a particular subject, often elevated in style or manner and written in varied or irregular meter159
10075104054OnomatopoeiaA figure of speech in which natural sounds are imitated in the sounds of words. Simple examples include such words as buzz, hiss, hum, crack, whinny, and murmur. If you note examples of onomatopoeia in an essay passage, note the effect.160
10075104055ParableA simple story that illustrates a moral or religious lesson161
10075104056ParodyA work that closely imitates the style or content of another with the specific aim of comic effect and/or ridicule. It exploits peculiarities of an author's expression (propensity to use too many parentheses, certain favorite words, etc.) Well-written parody offers enlightenment about the original, but poorly written parody offers only ineffectual imitation. nuances of the newer work. Occasionally, however, parodies take on a life of their own and don't require knowledge of the original.162
10075104057Poetic JusticeIs a term that describes a character "getting what he deserves: in the end, especially if wat he deserves is punishment. The prest form of poetic justice results when one character pots against another but ends up being caught in his or her own trap.163
10075104058Prologuea separate introductory section of a literary or musical work164
10075104059PunA play on words. In an argument, a pun usually calls humorous attention to particular point. He kept waving at the princess. He was a devoted fan.165
10075104060RefrainA line or set of lines repeated several times over the course of a poem.166
10075104061RhetoricFrom the Greek for "orator," this term describes the principles governing the art of writing effectively, eloquently, and persuasively.167
10075104062Rites of PassageAn incident which creates tremendous growth signifying a transition from adolescence to adulthood.168
10075104063Round CharacterA character who demonstrates some complexity and who develops or changes in the course of a work169
10075104064ResolutionEnd of the story where loose ends are tied up170
10075104065StyleThe consideration of style has two purposes: (1) An evaluation of the sum of the choices an author makes in blending diction, syntax, figurative language, and other We can analyze and describe an author's personal style and make judgments on how appropriate it is to the author's purpose. Styles can be called flowery, explicit, succinct, rambling, bombastic, commonplace, incisive, laconic, etc. (2) Classification of authors to a group and comparison of an author to similar authors. By means of such classification and comparison, we can see how an author's style reflects and helps to define a historical period, such as the Renaissance or the Victorian period, or a literary movement, such as the romantic, transcendental, or realist movement.171
10075104066UnderstatementA statement that says less than what is meant172
Powered by Quizlet.com

AP Terminology Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images
4785908042SyllableA word or part of a word with one vowel sound0
4785908743BreveA diacritical mark that indicates the vowel sound is short1
4785912250MacronA diacritical mark that indicates the vowel sound is long2
4785913507ConsonantA sound that is blocked by the lips, teeth, or tongue3
4785915524VowelA sound that is open and voiced4
4785916231VoicedA sound that can be heard and one in which movement results in the throat5
4785919103UnvoicedA sound that cannot be heard6
4785919985AccentA word or part of a word in which the mouth is open wider, the voice is louder and higher, and the sound goes on longer7
4785923732UnaccentA word or part of a word in which there is not an emphasis8
4785926231DigraphTwo letters that come together to make one sound9
4785927340DiphthongTwo adjacent vowels that blend two sounds in the same syllable10
4785932630TrigraphThree letters that come together to make one sound11
4785933889QuadragraphFour letters that come together to make one sound12
4785936097CombinationTwo letters that come together and something unexpected happens13
478910369014
Powered by Quizlet.com

AP Vocab Armas Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images
4843371257ametralladoramachine gun0
4843371258arcobow1
4843371259armaarm (weapon)2
4843371260balabullet3
4843371261bombabomb4
4843371262cañón (m)cannon5
4843371263dinamitadynamite6
4843371264escopetashotgun7
4843371265espadasword8
4843371266flechaarrow9
4843371267fusil (m)rifle10
4843371268lanzalance (spear)11
4843371269pólvoragunpowder12
4843371270pistolapistol13
4843371271puñal (m)dagger14
4843371272revólver (m)revolver15
Powered by Quizlet.com

AP topic 7 Clothing Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images
10144611804T恤衫t-shirt0
10144611805无论no matter1
10144611806名牌brand2
10144611807以及and3
10144611808化妆品cosmetics4
10144611809套suite5
10144611810长短length6
10144611811厚薄thickness7
10144611812合适suitable8
10144611813减价sale9
10144611814打折discount10
10144611815价钱price11
10144611816纯棉pure cotton12
10144611817质量quality13
10144611818只图intention14
10144611819挑剔picky15
10144611820非。。。不可have to16
10144611821标准standard17
10144611822物美价廉nice and cheap18
10144611823在乎care19
10144611824难道do you mean to say?20
10144611825争论argue21
10144611826付钱pay22
10144611827现金cash23
10144611828信用卡credit card24
10144611829税tax25
10144611830百分之percentage26
10144611831签字sign name27
10144611832收据receip28
Powered by Quizlet.com

Pages

Subscribe to CourseNotes RSS

Need Help?

We hope your visit has been a productive one. If you're having any problems, or would like to give some feedback, we'd love to hear from you.

For general help, questions, and suggestions, try our dedicated support forums.

If you need to contact the Course-Notes.Org web experience team, please use our contact form.

Need Notes?

While we strive to provide the most comprehensive notes for as many high school textbooks as possible, there are certainly going to be some that we miss. Drop us a note and let us know which textbooks you need. Be sure to include which edition of the textbook you are using! If we see enough demand, we'll do whatever we can to get those notes up on the site for you!