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AP Literature Term Definitions Flashcards

6754524476	Alliteration	The repetition of consonant sounds in words that are close to another.	0
6754524477	Allegory	A story in which the people, things, and events have another extended, frequently abstract, meaning. An examples is Orwell's "Animal Farm."	1
6754527128	Allusion	A reference to a statement, person, place, event, or thing that is known from literature, history, religion, myth, politics, sports, science, or popular culture.	2
6754527129	Apostrophe	A figure of speech in which a speaker directly addresses aan absent or dead person, an abstract quality, or something nonhuman as if it were present and capable of responding.	3
6754527130	Assonance	The repetition of similar vowel sounds followed by different consonant sounds in words that are close together, for example, face and fade.	4
6754528918	Anaphora	A repetition of the same word or words at the beginning of successive phrases or sentences.	5
6754528919	Ballad	A song or songlike poem that tells a story: simple language with a great deal of repetition, usually a refrain-usually stories of tragedy, adventure, betrayal, revenge, and jealousy. An folk example is "Lord Randall," an literary example is Keat's "La Belle Dam sans Merci."	6
6754528920	Blank Verse	Poetry written in unrhymed iambic pentameter. Examples are Shakespeare's plays, Milton's Paradise Lost, and Robert Frost's poem "Birches."	7
6754530887	Caesura	A pause or break within a line of poetry, usually indicated by the nature rhythm of language.	8
6754530888	Cacophony	A harsh, discordant sound often mirroring the meaning of the context in which it is used. For example, "Grate on the scrannel pipes of wretched straw."	9
6754530889	Character	An individual in a story or play.	10
6754533330	Chiche	An expression that was fresh and apt when first coined but which is now so overused that it has become hackneyed and stale.	11
6754533331	Climax	The point of greatest emotional intensity or suspense in a plot.	12
6754533332	Conceit	A fanciful and elaborate figure of speech that makes a surprising connection between two seemingly dissimilar things.	13
6754535801	Concrete Poetry	A visual poetry composed exclusively for tht page in which a picture or image is made of printed letters and words; they usually rely on puns and cleverness.	14
6754535802	Conflict	A struggle or clash between opposing characters, forces, or emotions-external or internal.	15
6754535803	Connotation	All the meanings, associations, or emotions that a word suggests.	16
6754537720	Consonance	The repetition of a final consonant sound after different vowel sounds; such as, dig and dog, or struts and frets.	17
6754537721	Denotation	The literal, dictionary definition of a word.	18
6754537722	Dialect	A way of speaking that is characteristic of a particular region or group of people: sometimes called a vernacular.	19
6754711336	Dialogue	Conversation between two or more people.	20
6754716470	Didactic	Explicitly instructive	21
6754719320	Diction	A writer or speaker's choice of words.	22
6754722205	Digression	A section of a composition or speech that marks a temporary shift of subject; it ends when the writer or speaker returns to the main topic. They can be used intentionally as a stylistic rhetorical device.	23
6754735448	Elegy	A poem that mourns the death of a person or laments something lost.	24
6754739281	Ellipsis	A literary device that is used in narratives to omit some parts of a sentence or event, which gives the reader a chance to fill the gaps while acting or reading it out. It is usually written between the sentences as "..."	25
6754750014	End Rhyme	Rhyme that occurs at the end of a line of poetry.	26
6754753264	Epic	A long narrative poem that relates the great deeds of a larger-than-life hero who embodies the values of a particular society (The Odyssey).	27
6754760558	Epiphany	A moment of sudden insight or revelation that a character experiences.	28
6754764533	Epitaph	An inscription on a tombstone, or a commemorative poem written as if for that purpose.	29
6754770858	Epithet	An adjective or other descriptive phrase that is regularly used to characterize a person, place, or thing.	30
6754779421	Epigram	A brief, clever, and usually memorable statement.	31
6754785308	Essay	A short piece of nonfiction prose that examines a single subject from a limited point of view.	32
6754789249	Euphemism	A figure of speech utilizing indirection to avoid offensive bluntness, such as "deceased" for "dead" or "remains" for "corpse."	33
6754799007	Euphony	The harmonious effect when the sounds of words connect with the meaning in a way pleasing to the ear and mind.	34
6754805505	Flashback	A scene in a movie, play, short story, novel, or narrative poem that interrupts the present action of the plot to flash backward and tell what happened at an earlier time.	35
6754813555	Foil	A character who sets off another character by strong contrast.	36
6754817807	Foreshadowing	The use of clues to hint at what is going to happen later in the plot.	37
6754821740	Frame Story	An introductory narrative within which one or more of the characters proceeds to tell a story (Frankenstein).	38
6754827894	Form	The means by which a literary work expresses its content. It is used to describe the design of a poem.	39
6754834006	Free Verse	Poetry that has no regular meter or rhyme scheme. This poetry places a great emphasis on imagery.	40
6754839595	Gothic	A term used to describe literary works that contain primitive, medieval, wild, mysterious, or natural elements.	41
6754846519	Grotesque	Characterization by distortion sor incongruities.	42
6754850691	Slant Rhyme	Words sound similar by do not rhyme exactly.	43
6754854268	Hubris	The pride of the tragic hero that leads him to ignore or overlook warning of impending disaster or to break moral laws.	44
6754862821	Hyperbole	A figure of speech that uses exaggeration to express strong emotion or create a comic effect.	45
6754869326	Iambic Pentameter	A line of poetry made up of five iambs of metrical feet, or units of measurement.	46
6754874354	Imagery	Language that appeals to the five senses of sight, touch, taste, smell, and hearing.	47
6754878684	Irony	A contrast between what appears to be ture and what really is true.	48
6754881318	Verbal Irony	Irony that is contained in words; saying one thing but meaning another.	49
6754885360	Dramatic Irony	A special kind of suspenseful irony or expectation when the audience or reader understands the implementation and meaning of a situation usually onstage and foresees an oncoming disaster or triumph but the character does not.	50
6754897446	Situational Irony	Irony in which the discrepancy exists when something is about to happen to a character or characters who expect the opposite outcome.	51
6754904831	Internal Rhyme	Rhyme that occurs within lines of poetry.	52
6754910326	Anastrophe	A literary technique in which the normal order of words is reversed in order to achieve a particular effect on emphasis or meter.	53
6754918118	Lyric	Poetry that focuses on expressing emotions or thoughts, rather than on telling a story.	54
6754923426	Malapropism	A use of an incorrect word in place of a similar sounding word that results in a nonsensical and humorous expression.	55
6754930152	Metaphor	A figure of speech that makes a comparison between two seemingly unlike things without the use of the connective words like, as, than, or resembles.	56
6754937599	Metaphysical Poetry	The work of poets which employs elaborate conceits; such poetry is highly intellectual and expresses life's complexities.	57
6754947433	Meter	A generally regular pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables in poetry. It is measured in feet, or patterns of stress/unstressed sounds.	58
6754954421	Metonymy	A figure of speech in which something closely relatred to a thing or suggested by it is subsitituted for the thing itself. The king is called "the crown."	59
6754964777	Mood	The atmosphere or feeling in a literary work	60
6754967106	Narrative	A story	61
6754977013	Naturalism	A mode of work in which the writer applies total objectivity in his/her observations and treatment of life without idealizing, imposing value judgements, or avoiding the repulsive; in practive authors have distorted this objectivity by introducing excessively noble heroes and sensational incidents.	62
6754991800	Non Sequitur	Literary devices which include the statements, sayings, and conclusions that do not follow the fundamental principles of logic and reason. They are frequently used in theater and comedies to create comedic effects.	63
6755005255	Octave	An eight-line stanza or poem or the first eight lines of an Italian or Petrarchan sonnet.	64
6755009620	Ode	A complex, generally long, lyric poem on a serious subject.	65
6755013289	Oxymoron	A figure of speech that combines apparently contradictory or incongruous ideas.	66
6755018055	Parable	A short, allegorical story that teaches a moral or religious lesson about life.	67
6755021833	Parallel Structure	The repetition of a work of literature, art, or music for amusement or instruction and for comic effect.	68
6755027609	Pastoral	A type of poem that depicts rustic life in idyllic, idealized terms.	69
6755031912	Personification	A kind of metaphor in which a nonhuman thing or quality is talked about as if it were human.	70
6755038363	Point of View	The vantage point from which a writer tells a story.	71
6755042368	Prose	A form of language that has no formal metrical structure. It applies a natural flow of speech, and ordinary grammatical structure rather than rhythmic structure, such as in the case of traditional poetry.	72
6755052605	Prose Poetry	Poetic langauage printed in prose paragraphs, but displaying the carful attention to sound, imagery, and figurative langauge characteristic of poetry.	73
6755060404	Protagonist	The main character in fiction, drama, or narrative poetry.	74
6755064953	Quatrain	A four-line stanze or poem, or a group of four lines unified by a rhyme scheme	75
6755069777	Refrain	A reapeated word, phrase, line, or group of lines.	76
6755073611	Renaissance	Specifically meaning "rebirth"; also, applied to the period between the medieval and the modern world.	77
6755082284	Repetition	A literary device that repeats the same words or phrases a few times to make an idea clearer. There are several types of these commonly used in both prose and poetry.	78
6755091269	Rhetoric	The art of observing in any given case the available means of persuasion.	79
6755094293	Rhetorical Question	A question asked for effect, not in expectation of a reply.	80
6755098566	Rhyme Scheme	The pattern of rhymed lines in a poem.	81
6755101228	Romance	A medieval verse narrative chronicling the adventures of a brave knight or other hero whomust undertake a quest and overcome great danger for love of a noble lady or high ideal.	82
6755108663	Romanticism	The depiction of idealized, fabulous, or fantastic characters and events; the stories abound in dashing, extravagant adventures, characters of extreme virtues or faults, exotic worlds, strong and inflexible loyalities, and idealized love.	83
6755124876	Sarcasm	A king of particularly cutting irony, in which praise is used tauntingly to indicate its opposite in meaning.	84
6755130228	Satire	A kind of writing that ridicules human weakness, vice, or folly in order to bring about social reform.	85
6755136686	Sestet	A six-line stanza or poem, or the last six lines of an Italian or Petrarchan sonnent.	86
6755142227	Setting	Background information for a story: time, place, information previous to the opening of a story.	87
6755147733	Simile	A figure of speech that makes a comparison between two seemingly unlike things by using a connective word such as like, as, than, or resembles.	88
6755155989	Sonnet	A fourteen-line poem, usually written in iambic pentameter, that has one of several rhyme schemes.	89
6755163141	Soliloquy	A long speech in which a character who is usually alone onstage expresses his or her private thoughts or feelings.	90
6755169037	Speaker	The imaginary voice, or persona, assumed by the author or a poem.	91
6755172653	Spenserian Stanza	A nine-line stanza with the rhyme scheme "ababbcbbc."	92
6755177936	Stream of Consciousness	A writing style that tries to depict the randon flow of thoughts, emotions, memories, and associations rushing through a character's mind.	93
6755186442	Stanza	A group of consecutive lines in a poem that form a single unit.	94
6755193959	Synecdoche	A figure of speech in which a part of a thing stands for the whole, as in "lend a hand."	95
6755197947	Syntax	The way in which words are arranged or put together to form phrases, causes, or sentences.	96
6755205417	Surrealism	An attempt to reproduce and interpret the visions and images of the unconscious mind as manfiested in dreams; characterized by an irrational arrangement of bizarre experiences.	97
6755219284	Theme	The centralized idea, truth, or insight found in a work of literature.	98
6755222578	Tone	The attitude the writer takes toward the audience, the subject, or a character.	99
6755227473	Turn	It is the sestet to the octave in a Petrarchan sonnet where the answer or point to the previous question or problem is given, usually begins with "but" or "yet."	100
6755238412	Transcendentalism	A form of romanticism, largely of a philosophical nature; sponsored by Americans such as Emerson and Thoreau.	101
6755245603	Understatement	A figure of speech that consists of saying less than what is really meant, or saying something with less force than is appropriate.	102
6755252370	Villanelle	A nineteen-line poem divided into five tercets (three-line stanzas), each with the rhyme scheme "aba" and a final quatrian with the rhyme scheme "abaa."	103

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AP Language Vocab Lesson 4 Flashcards

Scottish

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2989966508	Adroit	clever; skillful in a mental or physical way	0
2989966509	Allay	to lessen; to relieve; to calm	1
2989966510	Blazon	(v) to proclaim; to display publicly; (n) a coat of arms; a banner	2
2989966511	Bravado	a show of false bravery of confidence	3
2989966512	Choleric	having or showing a quick temper of irascible nature	4
2989966513	Colloquy	a conversation or conference, usually formal	5
2989966514	Despot	an absolute ruler; one in charge who acts like a tyrant	6
2989966515	Dirge	a funeral hymn; a poetic or musical expression of grief	7
2989966516	Expatriate	(n) one who is exiled or who has withdrawn from his or her native land; (v) to banish from one's native land; to withdraw from one's native land	8
2989966517	Feign	to pretend; to make up	9

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AP Language Terms Flashcards

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4968811107	invention/prewriting	stage of writing where you discover what interests you about your subject and consider what ideas to develop in your essay	0
4968814160	purpose	a writer's reason for writing	1
4968814161	expressive writing	convey personal feelings or impressions to readers	2
4968814162	informative writing	inform readers about something	3
4968814794	persuasive writing	try to convince readers to act or think in a certain way	4
4968814795	audience	the people "listening" to a writer's words	5
4968815618	occasion	the situation that leads someone to write about a topic	6
4968817847	general subject	a topic that needs to be narrowed	7
4968817848	specific topic	a topic that fits the purpose and length of an essay	8
4968818673	questions for probing	asking questions about a topic to move from a general subject to a specific topic	9
4968910289	freewriting	write for a fixed period of time without stopping and without paying attention to spelling, grammar, or punctuation	10
4968820112	focused freewriting/looping	writing for a fixed period of time without stopping on a specific topic	11
4968820113	brainstorming	a way of discovering ideas about a topic	12
4968820919	journal writing	a method of invention that involves recording ideas that emerge from reading or other experiences and then exploring them in writing	13
4968820920	clustering	a way of visually arranging ideas so that you can tell at a glance where ideas belong and whether or not you need more information	14
4968821618	informal outline	does not include all major divisions and subdivisions of an essay, simply suggests the shape of an emerging essay	15
4968821619	thesis	the main idea of an essay, its central point	16
4968821620	introduction	an essay's opening	17
4968821642	body paragraphs	the paragraphs that develop and support an essay's thesis	18
4968822402	conclusion	the group of sentences or paragraphs that brings an essay to a close	19
4968824096	implied thesis	conveys an essay's purpose but does not do so explicitly	20
4968825471	narration	tells a story by presenting events in an orderly, logical sequence	21
4968825472	chronological order	the time sequence of events	22
4968826328	flashbacks	shifts into the past	23
4968826329	verb tense	indicate time	24
4968827339	transitions	words or expressions that link ideas in a piece of writing	25
4968828110	cliche	an overused expression	26
4968829136	description	presents a word picture of a thing, a person, a situation, or a series of events	27
4968829137	topic sentence	a sentence stating the main idea of a paragraph	28
4968829915	objective description	a detached, factual picture presented in a plain and direct manner	29
4968829916	visuals	diagrams, drawings, photographs, etc., that accompany an objective description	30
4968830700	subjective description	conveys the writer's personal response to a subject	31
4968830701	connotation	emotional associations with a word	32
4968830702	denotation	dictionary definition of a word	33
4968830703	figures of speech	striking phrases or vivid language that deliberately provokes the reader's imagination	34
4968831924	simile	uses "like" or "as" to compare two dissimilar things	35
4968831925	metaphor	compares two dissimilar things without using "like" or "as"	36
4968831926	personification	speaks of concepts or objects as if they had life or human characteristics	37
4968831927	allusion	a reference to a person, place, event, or quotation that the writer assumes readers will recognize	38
4968832921	dominant impression	the mood or quality emphasized in the piece of writing	39
4968835401	exemplification	to illustrate or explain a general point or an abstract concept	40
4968838941	in order of increasing complexity	beginning with the simplest and moving to the most difficult or complex	41
4968839988	in order of importance	beginning with those that are less significant and moving to those that are most significant or persuasive	42
4968847187	process	explains how to do something or how something occurs	43
4968850736	cause and effect	analyzes why something happens	44
4968852707	main cause	most important cause	45
4968852708	contributory cuase	less important cause	46
4968853515	immediate cause	an obvious reason for an event, situation, or phenomenon	47
4968855238	remote cause	a less obvious reason for an event, situation, or phenomenon	48
4968855239	post hoc reasoning	a logical fallacy that involves looking back at two events that occurred in chronological sequence and wrongly assuming that the first event caused the second	49
4968857890	comparison and contrast	shows how two or more things are similar and different	50
4968858605	analogy	explains one thing by comparing it to a second, more familiar thing	51
4968860146	basis for comparison	the two things being compared have enough in common to justify the comparison	52
4968862261	subject by subject comparison	write separately about each subject but discuss the same points for both subjects	53
4968863782	point by point comparison	make a point about one subject and then follow it with a comparable point about the other	54
4968864882	transitional paragraphs	connect one part of an essay to another	55
4968868062	transitional sentences	help readers move through the essay	56
4968869312	division	the process of breaking a whole into parts	57
4968870306	classification	the process of sorting individual items into categories	58
4968877084	principle of classification	the quality the items have in common	59
4968879442	definition	tells what a term means and how it differs from other terms in its class	60
4968880598	formal definitions	brief, succinct explanations of what words mean	61
4968882562	extended definitions	longer, more complex definition that explains what something or someone is, its essential nature	62
4968885247	slang	informal expressions whose meanings may vary from locale to locale or change as time passes	63
4968889795	synonyms	words with similar meanings	64
4968889796	negation	telling what something is not	65
4968890519	enumeration	listing the characteristics of something	66
4968891346	origin and development	the word's derivation, original meaning, and usages	67

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AP LITERATURE Flashcards

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2485561630	Antagonist	a person who actively opposes or is hostile to someone or something; an adversary; the bad guy	0
2485561631	Caricature	a picture, description, or imitation of a person or thing in which certain striking characteristics are exaggerated in order to create a comic or grotesque effect.	1
2485564579	Indirect Characterization	when the narrator shows the reader something about the character through the character's actions, things the character says, or things other characters say. An example is when the narrator specifically tells us what a character is like.	2
2485577430	Direct Characterization	when the author specifically reveals traits about the character in a direct, straightforward manner.	3
2485580155	Dynamic/Round Character	someone who undergoes an important, internal change because of the action in the plot.	4
2485580156	Foil	another character in a story who contrasts with the main character, usually to highlight one of their attributes.	5
2485581755	Motivation	the reasons for a characters behavior	6
2485582726	Narrator/Persona/Speaker	the voice behind the text of a piece of literature	7
2485582727	Protagonist	the central character in a story, the one who initiates or drives the action; usually the hero or anti-hero; the good guy	8
2485584211	Static/Flat Character	a character who is the same sort of person at the end of a story as s/he was at the beginning	9
2485584212	Stereotype	a characterization based on conscious or unconscious assumptions that one aspect (such as gender, age, ethnicity, religion, race) determines what humans are like and so is accompanied by certain traits, actions, and even value.	10
2485585436	Stock Character	stereotyped character: one whose nature is familiar from prototypes in previous	11
2485587183	Atmosphere	the pervading tone or mood of a place, situation, or work of art	12
2485587185	Mood	inducing or suggestive of a particular feeling or state of mind.	13
2485588152	Occasional Poetry	poetry written for a particular event or happening, the event being usually ceremonial or honorific.	14
2485588153	Setting	the place(s) and time(s) of the story, including the historical period, social milieu of the characters, geographical location, descriptions of indoor and outdoor locales, etc.	15
2485590477	Stream of Consciousness	a person's thoughts and conscious reactions to events, perceived as a continuous flow; the term was introduced by William James	16
2485597577	Abstract Language	refer to ideas or concepts; they have no physical referents	17
2485598519	Ambiguity	the expression of a idea in language which gives more than one meaning and leave uncertainty as to the meaning	18
2485601692	Cliche	a phrase or opinion that is overused and betrays a lack of original thought	19
2485603069	Concrete Language	help us describe things	20
2485603070	Connotation	figurative language or figurative definition	21
2485604868	Denotation	"dictionary definition"; strict; literal	22
2485604869	Dialect	speech peculiar to a region; exhibits distinctions between two groups or even two persons.	23
2485606238	Epithet	nickname or appellation	24
2485606239	Euphemism	the use of inoffensive or neutral words to describe a harsher, more serious concept	25
2485607300	Literal Language	means exactly what it says	26
2485607301	Usage	the way in which a word or phrase is normally and correctly used	27
2485607302	Aside	a statement delivered by a actor in such a way that the other characters on stage are presumed not to have heard him	28
2485608277	Dialogue	conversation between two or more characters, usually set off with quotation marks	29
2485608278	Soliloquy	a long speech made by a character who is alone on the stage in which he reveals his innermost thoughts & feelings	30
2485618790	Stage Directions	tell you where to go on stage; where to come on, where to go off and where to stand during	31
2485618791	Subtext	a term denoting what a character means by what (s)he says when there is a disparity between diction and intended meaning	32
2485620627	Apostrophe	addressing someone or something, usually not present, as though present.	33
2485620628	Conceit	an extended metaphor - two unlike things are compared in several different ways	34
2485622553	Metaphor	comparison not using the words "like" or "as"	35
2485622554	Grounds Metaphor	relationship between the tenor and the vehicle	36
2485623730	Tenor Metaphor	subject of the metaphor	37
2485625903	Vehicle Metaphor	term used metaphorically	38
2485628258	Metonymy	substituting a word naming an object for another word closely associated with it	39
2485628259	Personification	giving human characteristics to inanimate objects	40
2485631602	Simile	comparison using "like" or "as"	41
2485631603	Symbol	anything that stands for or represents anything else	42
2485633555	Synecdoche	a figure of speech in which a part of something stands for the whole or the whole for a part, as wheels for automobile or society for high society	43
2485633556	Synesthesia	the perception or description of one kind of sense impression in words normally used to describe a different sense, like a "sweet voice" or a "velvety smile."	44
2485635539	Ballad	a form of verse to be sung or recited and characterized by a dramatic or exciting episode in fairly short narrative; poem written in a song-like stanza form.	45
2485635540	Cinquain	five-line stanza.	46
2485638098	Epic	a long narrative, usually written in elevated language, which related the adventures of a hero upon whom rests the fate of a nation	47
2485638099	Sestina	a poem with six stanzas of six lines and a final triplet, all stanzas having the same six words at the line-ends in six different sequences that follow a fixed pattern, and with all six words appearing in the closing three-line envoi.	48
2485639048	Sonnet	14 lines of poetry	49
2485640643	Shakespearean/Elizabethan Sonnet	divided into three quatrains (four-line groupings) and a final couplet (14 lines). The rhyme scheme is. The meter is iambic pentameter, with a set rhyme scheme-- abab cdcdefef gg	50
2485640644	Couplet	the last two lines of a Shakespearean sonnet; a pair of rhyming lines written in the same meter; may be a separate stanza	51
2485640645	Quatrain	4 lines of poetry	52
2485644564	Petrarchan/Italian Sonnet	a sonnet consisting of an octave rhyming abba abba and a sestet rhyming in any of various patterns	53
2485644565	Octave	first stanza of a Italian sonnet; 8 lines	54
2485644566	Sestet	second stanza of a Italian sonnet; 6 lines	55
2485646104	Turn	the high point of the story; when a change occurs	56
2485646105	Villanelle	a poem with five triplets and a final quatrain; only two rhyme sounds are permitted in the entire poem, and the first and third lines of the first stanza are repeated, alternately, as the third line of subsequent stanzas until the last, when they appear as the last two lines of the poem	57
2485651041	Auditory	word choices that appeal to the ear, that help you "hear" the words	58
2485651042	Gustatory	words or imagery appealing to the sense of taste	59
2485651043	Olfactory	appeals to the sense of smell	60
2485651999	Tactile	type of imagery pertaining to the sense of touch	61
2485652000	Visual	appealing to the sense of sight	62
2485652811	Archetype	an original that has been imitated.	63
2485652812	Epiphany	an awakening; a sudden understanding or burst of insight	64
2485652813	Motif	a recurring concept or story element in literature	65
2485654571	Poetic Justice	the fact of experiencing a fitting or deserved retribution for one's actions.	66
2485654572	Theme	an ingredient of a literary work which gives the work unity; provides an answer to the question, "What is the work about?"	67
2485658620	Title	the name of any piece of literary work	68
2485658621	Carpe Diem	a Latin phrase which translated means "Seize (Catch) the day," meaning "Make the most of today."	69
2485659845	Comedy/Comedy of Manners	a work which strives to provoke smiles and laughter	70
2485659846	Complaint	a statement that a situation is unsatisfactory or unacceptable.	71
2485661733	Dramatic Monologue	a poem that reveals a "soul in action" through the speech of one character in a dramaticsituation	72
2485664119	Elegy/Elegiac Verse	lyrical poem about death; a serious poem, usually meant to express grief or sorrow. The theme is serious, usually death.	73
2485665365	Mock/Heroic Epic	a long, humorous poem	74
2485667470	Lyric Verse	one of the main groups of poetry, the others being narrative, dramatic and didactic poetry. In modern usage the term lyric includes all brief poems in which the author's ardent expression of a (usually single) emotional element predominates	75
2485667471	Ode	a long, formal lyric poem with a serious theme; a form of lyric poetry using elaborate, sophisticated vocabulary in iambic pentameter.	76
2485669075	Parody	ludicrous imitation, usually for comic effect but sometimes for ridicule, of the style and content of another work.	77
2485669076	Romance	dealing with love	78
2485669077	Satire	a piece of literature designed to ridicule the subject of the work. While satire can be funny, its aim is not to amuse, but to arouse contempt	79
2485675710	Horatian Satire	satire in which the voice is indulgent, tolerant, amused, and witty	80
2485676934	Juvenlian Satire	addresses social evil through scorn, outrage, and savage ridicule; often pessimistic, characterized by irony, sarcasm, moral indignation and personal invective, with less emphasis on humor.	81
2485680042	Tragedy	depicts the downfall or destruction of a character	82
2485680043	Duple Meters	iambic and trochaic	83
2485682784	Iambic (rising)	1 unaccented, 1 accented foot	84
2485682785	Trochaic (falling)	poetic line created with 1 accented, 1 unaccented syllable	85
2485684425	Falling Meter	stressed to unstressed syllables	86
2485684426	Foot/Feet	a unit of meter; a metrical foot can have two or three syllables; the basic unit of measurement in a line of poetry	87
2485685772	Monometer	one foot in a poetic line	88
2485686966	Dimeter	two feet in a poetic line	89
2485686967	Trimeter	three feet in a poetic line	90
2485688125	Tetrameter	four feet in a poetic line	91
2485688126	Pentameter	five feet in a poetic line	92
2485689887	Hexameter	six feet in a poetic line	93
2485689888	Septameter	seven feet in a poetic line	94
2485691323	Octameter	eight feet in a poetic line	95
2485702147	Metrical Substitutions	the use of an alien metric foot in a line of otherwise regular metrical pattern; an iambic line of "da DUM", a trochaic substitution would introduce a foot of "DUM da".	96
2485702148	Pyrrhic	A metrical foot consisting of two unaccented syllables.	97
2485702149	Rest	an instance or period of relaxing or ceasing to engage in strenuous or stressful activity.	98
2485703256	Spondee	A metrical foot consisting of two syllables equally or almost equally accented	99
2485703257	Trochee	A metrical foot consisting of one accented syllable followed by one unaccented syllable	100
2485703258	Rising Meter	unstressed to stressed syllables	101
2485705842	Scansion/Scanning	read closely through lines of poetry and mark its metric feet (stressed, unstressed)	102
2485707319	Stress/Accent	saying certain syllables or words in a line with more emphasis or volume	103
2485707320	Triple Meters	anapestic and dactylic	104
2485709123	Anapestic (rising)	meter having two unstressed syllables followed by a stressed syllable ( - - / )	105
2485730333	Dactylic (falling)	three syllable foot consisting of an accented syllable followed by the unaccented syllables.	106
2485731407	Antecedent Action	a literary term that refers to an element of the plot in a work of fiction.	107
2485731408	Climax	the turning point, or crisis, in a play or other piece of literature	108
2485731409	Conflict	a struggle between opposing forces	109
2485733240	Denouement	the resolution of a plot after the climax	110
2485733241	Exposition	the introductory material which sets the tone, gives the setting, introduces the characters, and supplies necessary facts	111
2485733242	Falling Action	actions occurring after the climax	112
2485734175	Flashback	looking back or remembering a past event	113
2485734176	Foreshadowing	something predicting or leading up to a future event	114
2485735419	Frame/Frame Story	a narrative constructed so that one or more stories are embedded within another story	115
2485735420	Resolution	the part of a story or drama which occurs after the climax and which establishes a new norm, a new state of affairs - the way things are going to be from then on	116
2485735421	Rising Action	action leading up to the climax	117
2485736417	Subplot	a subordinate plot in a play, novel, or similar work.	118
2485736418	Blank Verse	unrhymed iambic pentameter; metrical verse with no ending rhyme (Shakespeare)	119
2485738718	Common Meter/Hymn Meter/Ballad Stanza	a metrical pattern for hymns in which the stanzas have four lines containing eight and six syllables alternately rhyming abcb or abab.	120
2485738719	Continuous Form	the form of a poem in which the lines follow each other without formal grouping, the only breaks being dictated by units of meaning.	121
2485740952	Closed Couplet	a rhyming couplet with end-stopped lines	122
2485740953	Open Couplet	a rhyming couplet with enjambed lines	123
2485742222	Heroic Couplet	two successive lines of rhymed poetry in iambic pentameter	124
2485742223	Epigram	a witty saying, usually at the end of a poem, about 2 lines long; a brief, witty observation about a person, institution, or experience	125
2485742224	Free Verse	unrhymed poetry with lines of varying lengths, containing no specific metrical pattern.	126
2485743334	Nonce Form	generally created by a poet for a specific poem but which may, over time, and with repeated usage by subsequent poets, become a "received form"	127
2485743335	Verse Paragraph	stanzas with no regular number of lines or groups of lines that make up units of sense; usually separated by blank lines	128
2485744557	Caesura	a pause for effect in the middle of a line of poetry; (period, dash, semicolon, etc.) it may or may not affect the meter.	129
2485744558	End-stop	when a line in poetry ends with some sort of puncuation	130
2485744559	Enjambment	when a line of poetry does not end with any puncuation; it's a continuous thought	131
2485745982	Interior Monologue	a piece of writing expressing a character's inner thoughts.	132
2485745983	Narrator	a person who narrates something, especially a character who recounts the events of a novel or narrative poem.	133
2485751003	First Person	speaking using pronouns such as I, me, and we	134
2485751004	Second Person	speaking using pronouns like you, he, she, and they	135
2485752516	Limited Omniscient	whose knowledge is limited to one character, either major or minor	136
2485752517	Naïve Narrator	usually a character who fails to understand all the implications of the story.	137
2485753802	Objective Narrator	narrator is a character in the story, but also knows the thoughts and feelings of all the other characters	138
2485753803	Omniscient	all-knowing	139
2485757444	Unreliable Narrator	may not know all the relevant information; may be intoxicated or mentally ill; may lie to the audience	140
2485757445	Double Rhyme	a feminine rhyme involving one stressed and one unstressed syllable in each rhyming line.	141
2485758523	End Rhyme	when the rhyme occurs at the end of the line	142
2485759757	Full/Perfect/True Rhyme	stressed vowel sound in both words must be identical, as well as any subsequent sounds.	143
2485761095	Internal Rhyme	when the rhyme is incorporated inside the line	144
2485761096	Rhyme Scheme	pattern of rhyming words in a stanza	145
2485763521	Slant/Near/Partial/Imperfect/Half Rhyme	occurs when the final consonants rhyme, but the vowel sounds do not	146
2485763522	Triple Rhyme	masculine rhyme	147
2485764460	Alliteration	sound device; repetition of initial (beginning) consonant sounds	148
2485764461	Assonance	similarity or repetition of a vowel sound in two or more words, especially in a line of verse.	149
2485765581	Cacophony	hard language; harsh; hard k, etc.	150
2485765582	Consonance	the repetition of consonant sounds with differing vowel sounds in words near each other in a line or lines of poetry.	151
2485766457	Euphony	pleasant language; double o sound like moon, etc.	152
2485767622	Onomatopoeia	sound device; when the word is spelled like it sounds; you can read the word aloud and it sounds like the actual sound	153
2485773028	Sibilance	a manner of articulation of fricative and affricate consonants, made by directing a stream of air with the tongue towards the sharp edge of the teeth, which are held close together	154
2485774459	Envoy	a messenger or representative, especially one on a diplomatic mission	155
2485776224	Ottava Rima	a form of poetry consisting of stanzas of eight lines of ten or eleven syllables, rhyming abababcc.	156
2485778190	Refrain	a phrase or line, usually pertinent to the central topic, which is repeated at regular intervals throughout a poem, usually at the end of a stanza.	157
2485778191	Rime Royal	a stanza of seven lines in iambic pentameter with a rhyme scheme of ababbcc.	158
2485779942	Septet	7 lines of poetry	159
2485779943	Sestet	6 lines of poetry	160
2485781912	Spenserian Stanza	nine-line stanza, with the first eight lines in iambic pentameter and the last line in iambic hexameter	161
2485781913	Tercet	3 lines of poetry	162
2485782850	Emphasis	stress laid on a word or words to indicate special meaning or particular importance.	163
2485782851	Inversion of Word Order	reversing the normal subject - verb - complement order	164
2485784278	Juxtaposition	the positioning of ideas or images side by side for emphasis or to show contrast	165
2485785483	Subordinate Position	submissive to or controlled by authority	166
2485785484	Emphatic Position	tending to express oneself in forceful speech or to take decisive action	167
2485789769	Complexity	the state or quality of being intricate or complicated.	168
2485790916	Variety	the quality or state of being different or diverse	169
2485793307	Loose Sentence	the main idea (independent clause) is elaborated by the successive addition of modifying clauses or phrases	170
2485793308	Periodic Sentence	saves the subject and verb of the independent clause until the end of the sentence	171
2485793309	Active Voice	the subject is doing the acting	172
2485794367	Passive Voice	noun or noun phrase that would be the object of an active sentence appears as the subject of the sentence	173
2485794857	Authorial Voice	individual writing style of an author, a combination of their common usage of syntax, diction, punctuation, character development, dialogue, etc., within a given body of text	174
2485797256	Humor	writing whose purpose it is to evoke some kind of laughter	175
2485797257	Hyperbole	extreme exaggeration	176
2485797258	Irony	surprising, amusing, or interesting contrast between reality and expectation	177
2485798478	Dramatic Irony	irony in which the character use words which mean one thing to them but another to those who understand the situation better	178
2485798479	Irony of Situation	actions have an effect that is opposite from what was intended, so that the outcome is contrary to what was expected	179
2485799838	Verbal Irony	a kind of irony in which words are used to suggest the opposite of their actual meaning	180
2485799839	Sarcasm	the caustic and heavy use of apparent praise	181
2485799912	Sentimentalism	the excessive expression of feelings of tenderness, sadness, or nostalgia in behavior, writing, or speech.	182
2485801687	Understatement	statement in which the literal sense of what is said falls short of the magnitude of what is being talked about	183
2485812382	Wit	a natural aptitude for using words and ideas in a quick and inventive way to	184

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ap world history 4 Flashcards

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5400063675	albert einstein	Formulated mathematical theories to explain the behavior of planeary motion and the movement of electrical particles; in about 1900 issued theory of relativity	0
5400066119	triple entente	Agreement among Britain, Russia, and France in 1907; part of the European balance of power system before World War I	1
5400068076	industrial revolution	series of changes in economy of Western nations between 174 and 20th century; stimulated by rapid population growth, increase in agricultural productivity, commercial revolution in 17th century, and development of new means of transportation; in essence involved technological change and the application of machines to the process of production	2
5400069861	karl marx	German socialist who saw history as a class struggle between groups out of power and those controlling the means of production ; preached the inevibility of social revolution and the creation of proletarian dictatorship	3
5400076123	mass leisure culture	An aspect of the later Industrial Revolution; decreased time at work and offered opportunities for new forms of leisure time, such as vacation time and team sports	4
5400080967	reform bill of 1832	British legislation that extended the vote to most male members of the middle class	5
5400080968	liberals	Political ideology that flourished in 19th-century western Europe; stressed limited government, representation of the people in government; urged importance of constitutional role and parliments	6
5400084413	otto von bismarck	Conservative prime minister of Prussia; architect of German unification under the Prussian king in 1871; used liberal reforms to maintain stability	7
5400087419	napoleon bonaparte	Army officer who rose in rank during the wars of the French Revolution; ended the democratic phase of the revolution; became emperor; deposed and exiled in 1815	8
5400089245	charles darwin	Biologist who developed the theory of evolution of species; argued that all living forms evolved through the successful ability to adapt in a struggle for survival	9
5400089246	romanticism	19th-century western European artistic and literary movement; held that emotion and impression, not reason, were the keys to the mysteries of human experience and nature; sought to portray passions, not calm reflections	10
5400095097	triple alliance	Alliance among Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy at the end of the 19th-century; part of the European balance of power system before World War I	11
5400096951	monroe doctrine	Declaration in 1823 establishing America as a completely independent country; they were supported by the British; European rules	12
5400098857	conservatives	Political viewpoint with orgins in western Europe during the 19th-century; opposed revolutionary goals; advocated restoration of monarchy and defense of the church	13
5400098858	declaration of independence	formal statement written by Thomas Jefferson declaring the freedom of the thirteen American colonies from Great Britain.	14
5400101332	tennis court oath	vowing "not to separate, and to reassemble wherever circumstances require, until the constitution of the kingdom is established." It was a pivotal event in the early days of the French Revolution.	15
5400101333	factory system	Intensification of all the processes of production at a single site during the Industrial Revolution; involved greater organization of labor and increased discipline	16
5400102808	chartist movement	Unsuccessful attempt by British artisans and workers to gain the vote during the 1840s	17
5400104659	french revolution	Overthrow of the Bourbon monarchy through a revolution beginning in 1789; created a republic and eventually ended with Napoleon's French empire; the source of many liberal movements and constitutions in Europe	18
5400104660	louis xvi	Bourbon ruler of France who was executed during the radical phase of the French Revolution	19
5400106692	imperialism	The policy of expanding national territory through colonization and conquest	20
5400110447	revolution of 1905	instrumental in convincing Tsar Nicholas II to attempt the transformation of the Russian government from an autocracy into a constitutional monarchy.	21
5400110448	age of revolution	Period of political upheaval beginning roughly with the American Revolution in 1775 and continuing through the French Revolution of 1789 and other movements for change up to 1848	22
5400116708	population revolution	huge growth in population in Western Europe beginning about 1730; prelude to industrialization	23
5400119448	protoindustrialization	Preliminary shift away from an agricultural economy; workers became full or part time producers who worked at home in a capatilist system in which materials,work,orders,and sales depended on urban merchants; prelude to Industrial Revolution	24
5400121286	american revolution	Rebellion of the British-American Atlantic seaboard colonies; ended with the formation of the independent United States	25
5400121287	radicals	Followers of a 19th-century Western European political emphasis; advocated broader voting rights than liberals did; urged reforms favoring lower classes	26
5400125434	nationalism	European 19th-century viewpoint; often allied with other "-isms"; urged the importance of national unity; valued a collective identity based on ethnic orgins	27
5400125435	greek revolution	Rebellion of Greeks againts the Ottoman Empire in 1820; a key step in the disintergration of the Turkish Balkan Empire	28
5400127687	reign of terror	a period of remorseless repression or bloodshed, in particular, the period during the French Revolution.	29
5400129464	robespierre	was a French lawyer and politician, and one of the best-known and most influential figures of the French Revolution, the defense of the Republic, and the Reign of Terror.	30
5400131482	feminist movement	Sought legal and economic gains for women, among them equal access to professions and higher education; came to concentrate on the right to vote; won initial support from middle class women	31
5400133413	sigmund freud	Viennese physician who developed theories of the workings of the human subconscious; argued that behavior is determined by impulses	32
5400133414	james watt	Devised a steam engine in the 1770s that could be used for production in many industries; a key step in the Industrial Revolution	33
5400139660	declaration of the rights of man and the citizen	Adopted during the French Revolution; proclaimed equality of French citizens; became a source document for later liberal movements	34
5400142640	boer war	Fought between the British and Afrikaners; British victory and postwar policies left the African population of South Africa under Afrikaner control.	35
5400145966	captain james cook	Made voyages to Hawaii from 1777 to 1779 resulting in the opening of the islands to the west. Convinced Kamehameha to create a unified kingdom in the islands.	36
5400148181	contested settler colonies	Combination of Tropical Dependencies and White Dominions. Europeans settled permanently, and eventually clashed with the Native people.	37
5400154754	cecil rhodes	British entrepreneur; went to South Africa and became involved with the gold and diamond trade. Started Boer War.	38
5400161808	ghost dance	was a religious ceremony introduced by the Paiute tribe in an area that is now present-day Nevada.	39
5400161809	boxer rebellion	Rebellion in 1899 in Beijing. Started by a secret society who opposed the "foreign devils". Ended by the British.	40
5400165923	white dominions	Majority of the population was European settlers. The Natives were reduced by war and diesease.	41
5400165924	james mill	was a British historian, economist, political theorist, and philosopher.	42
5400168369	utilitarians	social and political theory about how people should be treated and what the government show do.	43
5400168370	sepoys	Troops that served the British East India Company; recruited from the Indians.	44
5400172836	british raj	Rule over much of Southeast Asia from 1765 to 1947 by the British East India company and then British governement.	45
5400175417	methodism	Strict self discipline & methodical approach to religious study. Emphasized life of abstinence, thrift, hard work.	46
5400175418	battle of plassey	was a decisive victory of the British East India Company over the Nawab of Bengal and his French allies on 23 June 1757.	47
5400178114	robert clive	Architect of British victory at Plassey; established foundations of British raj in northern India (18th century)	48
5400179600	lord charles cornwallis	Reformer of the East India Company administration of India in the 1790's; reduced power of local British administrators; checked widespread corruption.	49

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La vida contemporanea- AP Spanish Language & Culture Flashcards

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4173547463	Estrategias	strategies	0
4173547464	solicitar	ask for, request	1
4173547465	graduarse	to graduate	2
4173547466	matricularse	to register	3
4173547467	el horario	schedule	4
4173547468	la aula	the classroom	5
4173547469	ayuda financiera	financial aid	6
4173547470	una beca	a scholarship	7
4173547471	ingresar	admit, get in	8
4173547472	la materia	the material	9
4173547473	repasar	to review	10
4173547474	el curso	the course	11
4173547475	aprobar	to approve	12
4173547476	reprobar	to fail, to flunk	13
4173547477	apuntes	notes	14
4173547478	la asignatura	subject, course	15
4173547479	el bachillerato	high school diploma	16
4173547480	las calificaciones	report card	17
4173547481	la carrera	the career	18
4173547482	la especialización	specialization	19
4173547483	la facultad	the faculty, department	20
4173547484	la licenciatura	The degree	21
4173547485	la matricula	register. license plate	22
4173547486	optativo	optional, optative	23
4173547487	el plazo	time period	24
4173547488	el titulo	title	25
4173547489	arquitecto	architect	26
4173547490	las ventajas	the advantages	27
4173547491	las desventajas	the disadvantages	28
4173547492	el consejero	the counselor	29
4173547493	el decano	dean at university	30
4173547494	el profesor	the professor	31
4173547495	el rector	dean, rector	32
4173547496	arquitectura	architecture	33
4173547497	bellas artes	fine arts	34
4173547498	artista	the artist	35
4173547499	científico	scientist	36
4173547500	físico	physical, physicist	37
4173547501	químico	chemist	38
4173547502	abogado	attorney	39
4173547503	medico	doctor	40
4173547504	filosofo	philosopher	41
4173547505	ingeniero	engineer	42
4173547506	programador	programmer	43
4173547507	escritor	writer	44
4173547508	mecánico	mechanic	45
4173547509	psicólogo	psychologist	46
4173547510	sociólogo	sociologist	47
4173547511	contable	accountant	48
4173547512	ama de casa	house wife	49
4173547513	albañil	builder, construction worker	50
4173547514	las ciencias	the sciences	51
4173547515	economía	economy	52
4173547516	derecho (leyes)	law	53
4173547517	filosofía	philosophy	54
4173547518	ingeniería	engineering	55
4173547519	informática	computer science	56
4173547520	medicina	medicine	57
4173547521	psicología	psychology	58
4173547522	sociología	sociology	59
4173547523	los formularios	forms, questionnaire	60

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AP Literature Terms Flashcards

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4320610040	Allegory	a story, poem, or picture that can be interpreted to reveal a hidden meaning, typically a moral or political one. "Pilgrim's Progress is an allegory of the spiritual journey"	0
4320611776	Allusion	an expression designed to call something to mind without mentioning it explicitly; an indirect or passing reference. "an allusion to Shakespeare"	1
4320610041	Apostrophe	a punctuation mark ( ' ) used to indicate either possession (e.g., Harry's book ; boys' coats ) or the omission of letters or numbers (e.g., can't ; he's ; class of '99 ).	2
4320613335	Ballad	a poem or song narrating a story in short stanzas. Traditional ballads are typically of unknown authorship, having been passed on orally from one generation to the next as part of the folk culture. (the Dying Stockman is a ballad.)	3
4320616080	Blank Verse	verse without rhyme, especially that which uses iambic pentameter.	4
4320619859	Cacophony	a harsh, discordant mixture of sounds. "a cacophony of deafening alarm bells"	5
4320619860	Caesura	(in Greek and Latin verse) a break between words within a metrical foot. (in modern verse) a pause near the middle of a line. any interruption or break. "an unaccountable caesura: no deaths were reported in the newspapers"	6
4320623988	Catharsis	the process of releasing, and thereby providing relief from, strong or repressed emotions.	7
4320623989	Comic Relief	comic episodes in a dramatic or literary work that offset more serious sections. a character or characters providing this.	8
4320626320	Couplet	two lines of verse, usually in the same meter and joined by rhyme, that form a unit	9
4320626321	Deus ex machina	an unexpected power or event saving a seemingly hopeless situation, especially as a contrived plot device in a play or novel.	10
4320629286	Enjambment	(in verse) the continuation of a sentence without a pause beyond the end of a line, couplet, or stanza.	11
4320629287	Euphony	the quality of being pleasing to the ear, especially through a harmonious combination of words. the tendency to make phonetic change for ease of pronunciation.	12
4320634009	Free verse	poetry that does not rhyme or have a regular meter.	13
4320634010	Irony	the expression of one's meaning by using language that normally signifies the opposite, typically for humorous or emphatic effect. ""Don't go overboard with the gratitude," he rejoined with heavy irony"	14
4320635662	Metonymy	the substitution of the name of an attribute or adjunct for that of the thing meant, for example suit for business executive, or the track for horse racing.	15
4320640911	Monologue	a long speech by one actor in a play or movie, or as part of a theatrical or broadcast program. synonyms: soliloquy, speech, address, lecture, sermon, homily; formaloration "he quickly launches into another manic monologue"	16
4320642924	Motif	a distinctive feature or dominant idea in an artistic or literary composition. "the nautical motif of his latest novel"	17
4320642925	Pathos	a quality that evokes pity or sadness. "the actor injects his customary humor and pathos into the role"	18
4320644731	Satire	the use of humor, irony, exaggeration, or ridicule to expose and criticize people's stupidity or vices, particularly in the context of contemporary politics and other topical issues.	19
4320644732	Romanticism	a movement in the arts and literature that originated in the late 18th century, emphasizing inspiration, subjectivity, and the primacy of the individual.	20
4320647105	Soliloquy	an act of speaking one's thoughts aloud when by oneself or regardless of any hearers, especially by a character in a play.	21
4320648868	Sonnet	a poem of fourteen lines using any of a number of formal rhyme schemes, in English typically having ten syllables per line.	22
4320648869	Style	a manner of doing something. "different styles of management"	23
4320651171	Structure	construct or arrange according to a plan; give a pattern or organization to. "the game is structured so that there are five ways to win"	24
4320653497	Synecdoche	a figure of speech in which a part is made to represent the whole or vice versa, as in Cleveland won by six runs (meaning "Cleveland's baseball team").	25
4320655573	Tone	the general character or attitude of a place, piece of writing, situation, etc. "trust her to lower the tone of the conversation"	26
4320655574	Tragic Hero	A tragic hero is a literary character who makes a judgment error that inevitably leads to his/her own destruction. In reading Antigone, Medea and Hamlet, look at the role of justice and/or revenge and its influence on each character's choices when analyzing any "judgment error."	27
4320657220	Villanelle	a nineteen-line poem with two rhymes throughout, consisting of five tercets and a quatrain, with the first and third lines of the opening tercet recurring alternately at the end of the other tercets and with both repeated at the close of the concluding quatrain.	28

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Chapter 39 AP World History Flashcards

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9732283399	Decolonization	The process by which former colonies gain their independence from the mother country	0
9732283400	Diaspora	the dispersion of the Jews outside Israel	1
9732283401	Economic Dependency	Being dependent on another country for your economy. This is what happened to many ex-colonies.	2
9732283402	Geneva Conference	A 1954 conference that divided Vietnam at the seventeenth parallel	3
9732283403	Great Leap Forward	Mao Zedong's attempt to build Chinese industry and agriculture from 1958-1961	4
9732283404	Harijans	means "children of God" and was Gandhi's designation for the untouchables	5
9740474558	Iran-Iraq War	Fought over religious differences, this war lasted many years, from 1980 to 1988	6
9740474559	Kikuyu	The largest ethnic group in Kenya (Mau Mau)	7
9740474560	Liberation Theology	the combining of Christian principles with political activism, often Marxist in character	8
9740474561	Organization of African Unity	OAU - established in 1963 and promoted Pan-Africanism and eliminated colonialism	9
9740474562	Palestinian Liberation Organization	Organization created for the purpose of creating an Arab state in Palestine and to fight for Palestinian rights - PLO	10
9740474563	Pax Americana	a state of relative international peace regarded as overseen by the US	11
9740474564	Sandinistas	Leftwing anti-American revolutionaries in Nicaragua who launched a civil war in 1979 and overthrew the Somoza dictatorship	12
9740474565	Sikhs	Nonviolent religous group that blended Buddhism, Hinduism and Sufism	13
9740474566	Suez Crisis	crisis in which Britain and France attempted to seize control of the Suez canal from Egypt	14
9740474567	Tiananmen Square	Square in the capital of Beijing; scene of a student demonstration and massacre	15
9740474568	Viet Minh	Communist Vietnamese movement; fought the Japanese during Word War II and the French afterward	16

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AP World History Jargon Flashcards

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7140606283	afro-	african	0
7140610270	agrarian	concerning farms, farmers, or the use of land	1
7140610973	anarchism/anarchy	a political philosophy that opposes government in any form, lack of government	2
7140611574	arable	suitable for growing crops	3
7140613293	archaic	ancient; old-fashioned	4
7140613893	aristocracy	a government in which power is in the hands of a hereditary ruling class or nobility	5
7140615350	asceticism	severe self discipline and avoidance of all forms of indulgence	6
7140617062	authoritarian/-ism	a government in which one leader or group of people holds absolute power, like a dictator	7
7140618054	balance of trade	the difference between a country's total exports and total imports	8
7140619148	bureaucrat/bureaucratic/bureaucracy	a system of managing government through departments run by appointed officials	9
7140620401	capital/capitalism	an economic system based on private ownership of capital (money for investment)	10
7140621749	capitol	a building where the legislative body of a republic, state, or country meets	11
7140625664	capitulate	to surrender	12
7140626271	cartel	a formal organization of producers that agree to coordinate prices and production	13
7140626809	casualty	a person killed or injured in a war or accident	14
7140628180	celibacy/celibate	Abstinence	15
7140628897	central/-centric	located in the center of a thing or place	16
7140631279	chauvinism	fanatical devotion to one's country, gender, religion, etc.	17
7140633895	class struggle	the ongoing conflict between those who own the means of production and those who work	18
7140634443	coerce/coercive	to force	19
7140634444	conjuncture	a combination of circumstances; a particular state of affairs	20
7140638295	conscript/conscription	a military draft	21
7140638296	constitutionalism	basic principle that government and those who govern must obey the law; the rule of law	22
7140645458	consumer/consumerism	a person or organization that uses a product or service	23
7140645459	conflate	to combine into one	24
7143703020	contingency	a possible future event that must be prepared for or guarded against; possibility	25
7143705307	corollary	a direct or natural consequence or result	26
7143705971	cosmopolitan	worldly, sophisticated	27
7143707050	coup d'état	a sudden overthrow of the government	28
7143707871	-cracy	government by	29
7143708494	credit	an arrangement to receive cash, goods, or services now and pay for them in the future.	30
7143709697	debit	a sum withdrawn or subtracted from an account.	31
7143710712	deficit	an excess of federal expenditures over federal revenues	32
7143711228	demography	the scientific study of population characteristics	33
7143712069	diplomacy	the art of conducting negotiations with other countries	34
7143713489	dogma/dogmatic	an unproven principle or belief held to be true	35
7143713852	dualism	the presumption that mind and body are two distinct entities that interact	36
7143715019	eclectic	choosing from various sources	37
7143715299	egalitarian	a person who believes in the equality of all people	38
7143715798	filial	relating to a son or daughter	39
7143716416	fiscal	financial	40
7143718280	forage	to search for food	41
7143718566	frame of reference	a system for specifying the precise location of objects in space and time	42
7143719643	free trade	international trade free of government interference	43
7143720241	frontier	a zone where no state exercises complete political control	44
7143722691	fundamentalism/fundamental	movement or attitude stressing strict and literal adherence to a set of basic principles	45
7143723215	genocide	deliberate extermination of a racial or cultural group	46
7143723867	guild	a medieval organization of crafts workers or trades people.	47
7143724655	hegemony	the domination of one state or group over its allies	48
7143725246	helio-	relating to the sun	49
7143726527	historiography	the study of historical writing	50
7143727066	hyper-	excessive	51
7143727312	hypo-	below	52
7143727880	Iberian	includes spain and portugal	53
7143729098	indenture	an agreement binding an apprentice to a master	54
7143729876	-ism/-ist/-ize	a state or condition/ one who/ to make	55
7143730396	kin/kinship	a social bond based on common ancestry, marriage, or adoption	56
7143732191	laissez-faire	policy that government should interfere as little as possible in the nation's economy	57
7143733944	-lateral	side	58
7143734157	the "Left"/leftist	refers to a liberal political position	59
7143734741	-logy	study of	60
7143735174	malnutrition	faulty or inadequate diet	61
7143735946	maritime	relating to the sea	62
7143736550	materiel	military materials and equipment	63
7143736551	meso-	middle	64
7143736945	meta-	beyond, change	65
7143738764	metallurgy	the science of working with metals	66
7143738991	metropole/metropolitan	dominant part of an empire/ pertaining to a major city	67
7143739640	militarism	a policy of glorifying military power and keeping a standing army always prepared for war	68
7143741041	monastery/monastic	a community of monks/ extremely plain or secluded	69
7143741042	monetary	of or relating to money or currency	70
7143743156	monogamy	marriage to only one person at a time	71
7143744276	monopoly	complete control of a product or business by one person or group	72
7143747128	nationalism	a strong feeling of pride in and devotion to one's country	73
7143747465	neo-	new	74
7143747701	pacifism	opposition to all war	75
7143748019	pan-	all	76
7143748020	polygamy	the system of having more than one spouse at a time	77
7143749155	pragmatism/pragmatic	the attribute of accepting the facts of life and favoring practicality and literal truth, practical	78
7143749156	protectorate	a country whose affairs are partially controlled by a stronger power	79
7143752220	proto-	first	80
7143752651	push-pull factors	something pushes them away from their native country and pulls them toward a new place	81
7143754818	quandary	a state of perplexity or doubt	82
7143755238	raw material	a resource that can be used to make a product	83
7143755876	regime	a government in power	84
7143756309	the "Right"	conservative group of people	85
7143757524	russo-	russian	86
7143758729	secular	non-religious	87
7143759398	sedentary	inactive	88
7143760261	shaman/-ism	a person believed to have the power to summon spirits and heal the sick	89
7143760262	sino-	china	90
7143763070	social darwinism	the belief that only the fittest survive in human political and economic struggle	91
7143763807	social democracy	a political ideology favoring gradual transition from capitalism to socialism	92
7143764577	socialism	a system in which the government owns and operates a country's means of production	93
7143766289	sovereignty/sovereign	the authority of a state to govern itself or another state	94
7143767619	sphere of influence	a foreign region in which a nation has control over trade and other economic activities	95
7143769086	status quo ante bellum	how things were before the war	96
7143769968	stratification	systematic inequalities in things such as wealth, income, education, power, and status	97
7143770364	subsistence	the action or fact of maintaining or supporting oneself at a minimum level	98
7143770853	syncretic/syncretism	a blending of beliefs and practices from different religions into one faith	99
7143772067	tariff	tax on imports	100
7143772371	teleology/teleological	a system that interprets nature or the universe as having design or purpose	101
7143776952	theocracy	a government controlled by religious leaders	102
7143777752	totalitarian	having to do with a government in which one person, group, or party controls everything	103
7143777941	unanimity	oneness of mind; complete agreement	104
7143778216	veneration	great respect, special regard	105
7143778850	vernacular	everyday language of ordinary people	106
7143780046	viceroy	an official who rules in the name of the king or queen	107

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