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AP World History Vocabulary Flashcards

6176782308	Creole	Term for Spanish born in Americas	0
6176790728	Humanism	Focus on human potential and achievement	1
6176798226	Middle Passage	Slave ships crossing the Atlantic	2
6176800846	Al Andalus	Term for Muslim Spain	3
6176802412	Shah Jahan	Built the Taj Mahal	4
6176807035	Devshirme	Christian boys taken by Ottomans to seve	5
6176811034	Viceroy	Governor in colonial empires	6
6176812252	Akbar the Great	Religiously tolerant leader of Mughal India	7
6176819639	Galileo Galilei	Scientist arrested by Catholic Church	8
6176824119	British East India Company	Joint Stock Company that trades in India	9
6176826055	Potosi	Silver mine in Peru	10
6176828868	Peninsulares	Those in America who were born in Spain	11
6176828869	Taino	First people encountered by Columbus	12
6176830885	Piracy	Threat to naval vessels throughout world	13
6176832988	Leonardo Da Vinci	Renaissance artist, inventor, etc.	14
6176838537	English Bill of Rights	Separates power and limits power of British Monarchy	15
6176841683	John Calvin	Religious leader believes in predestination	16
6176848760	Mehmed the Conqueror	Attacks Constantinople in 1453	17
6176853153	Encomienda	Spanish manor system in Americas	18
6176856238	Counter Reformation	Changes made within the Catholic Church	19
6176860185	Treaty of Tordesillas	Agreement of Spain and Portugal's New World Claims	20
6176862029	Peace of Westphalia	End of Religious wars in Europe	21
6176862943	Heliocentric Theory	Sun as center of universe	22
6176864234	Divine Right	Belief monarch's power given by God	23
6176865687	Caravel	Small, fast Spanish ship	24
6176898177	Abolition	Movement to get rid of slavery	25
6176901422	Inquisition	Tribunal to suppress heresy	26
6176904638	Isaac Newton	Scientist most known for gravity and laws of motion	27
6176909768	Glorious Revolution	Peaceful change of ruler in England in 1688	28
6176913714	Zheng He	Muslim Chinese admiral	29
6176918014	Vasco Da Gama	Portuguese explorer who first made it to India	30
6176922108	Cult of Saints	Use of local beliefs to make Natives in Latin America convert	31
6176924816	Afrikanners	Dutch South African settlers	32
6176930405	Closed Country Policy	Policy enacted by Tokugawa lemitsu	33
6176934253	Tokugawa Shogunate	Gov't in Japan that closes the country to foreigners	34
6176939544	Absolute Monarch	King or queen with complete rule in a state	35
6176941432	Cash Crops	Ex. Tobacco, Cotton, Sugar	36
6176943766	Monopoly	Something exclusively done by one company	37
6176946080	Ghazis	Muslim military fighters in the Ottoman Empire	38
6176950811	Hacienda	Manor house in Spanish America	39
6176952247	Habsburgs	Ruling family of HRE, Spain, Netherlands	40
6176954878	Commonwealth	Organization of British independent states	41
6176957350	Peter the Great	Czar responsible for modernizing Russia	42
6176962809	Circumnavigation	Feat accomplished by the crew of Magellan	43
6176990672	Indentured Servitude	Working for up to 7 years in order to move to the Americas	44
6176995941	VOC	Dutch East India Trading Company	45
6177000458	Son of Heaven	Imperial Title of China	46
6177000459	Ming China	After Mongols put Chinese customs in power	47
6177002407	Colonization	Process of setting peoples overseas	48
6177011976	Hugeuenots	French Protestants	49
6177013024	Peru	Spanish territory in Americas	50
6177018274	Ignatius de Loyola	Founder of Catholic Jesuit order	51
6177019651	Nation States	Countries defined by culture and language uniting the people	52
6177023548	Matteo Ricci	Portuguese Missionary to China	53
6177026830	Janissaries	Fighting force of Ottoman Empire	54
6177029695	Fur Trade	Trapping of animals for skins	55
6177029696	Parliament	Representative body of British Government	56
6177031834	Martin Luther	Individual who "begins" the Protestant Reformation	57
6177031835	30 Years War	Conflict between Christians in Europe	58
6177035398	Sundiata	Ruler of Songhai	59
6177040183	Commericialism	Intending to make a profit from business	60
6177049857	Christopher Columbus	"First" European to reach the Americas	61
6177051651	Kongo	Central African state influenced by Portugese	62
6177058146	Perspective	Creating a 3D aspect in art	63
6177060797	Versailles	Palace of Louis XIV in France	64
6177103192	Prince Henry the Navigator	Portuguese ruler who encouraged exploration	65
6177105510	Taj Mahal	Tomb built by Shah Jahan	66
6177106890	Printing Press	Moveable type made in Europe by Gutenburg	67
6177117398	Louis XIV	Absolute king of France	68
6177120023	Joint Stock Company	Corporation to divide wealth and risk	69
6177121490	Pope Leo X	Excommunicates Martin Luther	70
6177125396	Renaissance	"Rebirth"	71
6177129384	South Africa	Settler colony of he Dutch "Afrikanners"	72
6177134142	Queen Elizabeth I	Ruled England during Renaissance and Shakepeare	73
6177136310	Henry VII	King of England who creates Anglican Church	74
6177141294	Suleyman the Magnificent	Ottoman expanded empire an created laws	75
6177143171	Smallpox	Disease that contributes to the "Great Dying"	76
6177172996	Plantation Economy	System of growing one crop by forced labor to sell overseas	77
6177178070	Francisco Pizarro	Conquered the Incas	78
6177183650	Hernan Cortes	Conquered Aztecs	79
6177187650	Protestant Reformation	Attempt to make changes within the Catholic Church	80
6191489137	Trans Atlantic Slave Trade	Movement of 12 million Africans	81

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AP World History Final Flashcards

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3523404630	Economic/Political effects of Mongol rule on Russia and China?	SIM - tax farming - rulers appointed by Khan - Mongol rule does not dominate all parts of life DIFF - standardized tax in China - Russia submits/China resists - Russia from afar/China actively - Russia adopts Mongol government practices/China eliminates all traces	0
3523581201	Racial Ideologies North America vs Latin America/Caribbean	SIM - European superiority - - DIFF - Relocation vs Forced Labor - Unity vs Creoles/Peninsulares - social mobility in Latin America - little black = BLACK - no racial mixing due to gender balance	1
3531656166	Compare the processes of empire building in the Spanish Empire with the empire-building processes in The Ottoman Empire	SIM -Both invaded different empires -Both brought their religion on other e.g. forced conversion, devsirme) -Administrative processes(Encomienda vs educated class) -Both built upon war(expulsion of the Moors vs conquering Constantinople) DIFF -Ottomans who converted would be first class, while native people in the Spanish empire maintained a second class status -Goals for conquest e.g. Spain wanted a merchant empire and the ottomans wanted a militant empire -Land vs Naval empire	2
3531676603	Compare demographic and environmental effects of the Columbian Exchange on the Americas with the Columbian Exchange's demographic and environmental effects on ONE of the following regions between 1492 and 1750. Africa	SIM - Introduction of new crops - Decrease of pop. in native people - Both die from disease e.g Syphilis in Africa from NE - Shift in gender population DIFF - Africans get enslaved and sent to New World, ---------------remainder of Native Americans get sent to forced labor - Male slaves sent to NE, makes men pop. in Africa go ------down and for majority of the Americas to be male - Large percent of native population died in NE while -----shift in population in Africa was from slave trade	3
3531710659	Analyze similarities and differences in how TWO of the following empires used religion to govern before 1450. Byzantine Empire Islamic Caliphates	SIM -Religious Justification to rule by deity -monumental architecture to display opulence and -power -religious laws -religious tax DIFF -peaceful conversion/oppressive -icons -Caesaropapism/Sunnis	4
3531726066	Analyze similarities and differences in TWO of the following trade networks in the period 600 C.E. to 1450 C.E. Your response may include comparisons of biological, commercial, or cultural exchanges. Indian Ocean Silk Roads	SIM - Mahayana Buddhism on Silk Road/Theravada on IOMS spread of technology - increase in economic growth of entrepots and port cities - diseases - smallpox, measles DIFF - Silk Road focused on luxury items - IOMS is fragmented/Relay trade - IOMS is seasonal (monsoons) - success of IOMS did not rely on security from other empires (had no owner)	5
3531751384	Analyze similarities and differences in the rise of TWO of the following empires. The Aztec Empire The Mongol Empire	SIM -Both the Mongols and Aztecs initially had fierce warriors who helped conquer land, and had a highly aggressive program of military conquest -Both invaded areas with political fragmentation (Aztec invaded tribes, Mongols invaded China when they had lost control of their northern lands) -Were known for their ruthless brutality (Aztecs practiced mass human sacrifice, Mongols killed entire towns when raiding) -Both actively used their political and military power to try to control trade or tribute in the lands around them for resources DIFF -Mongols allowed religious tolerance and freedom in conquered states while Aztecs enforced their religion onto the people they conquered. -Mongols conquered the largest land empire in the history of the world, while the Aztec's empire was tiny in comparison but had far control out of its core area. -Aztecs were predominately agricultural with advanced farming systems like chinampas, while Mongols were mostly pastoralist	6
3531774701	Analyze similarities and differences in methods of political control in TWO of the following empires in the Classical period. Han China (206 B.C.E.-220 C.E.) Imperial Rome (31 B.C.E.-476 C.E.)	SIM - Han China and Imperial Rome authorities both invoked supernatural sanctions to support their rule - (Mandate of heaven, deceased emperors as Gods) - Both China and Rome fell because their empire became too big and was not able to sustain it with resources - Both Rome and China had an emperor, Augustus in Rome starting from 27 BCE, and Han China had emperors like Wudi and Wendi. DIFF - Rome was built on the idea of creating something new, while China was ruled with the idea of restoring. China and Rome dealt with threatening nomadic peoples differently (China - bribery/Rome - continuously conquer areas to create buffer) - Rome was based on strict laws while Han China was based on moral and Confucian officials, with a system of meritocracy and the civil service exams in China and a strict legal code in Rome. - Han rule was based greatly on its bureaucracy while Romans had a small scale, centralized government in Rome composed of the Senate and the Emperor. - Roman sanctioned citizenship to newly conquered peoples while Chinese generally did not need to because the Chinese ethnicity was very widespread	7

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Ap world history vocabulary Flashcards

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5218997228	Absolute Monarch	ruler with complete control over the government and the lives of the people.	0
5218997229	Louis XIV	an absolute monarch that built up France's internal strength through finance and military, strengthened army and connected France through trades routes, catholic religion and the capital Versailles and foreign expansion during his reign	1
5218997230	Adam Smith	Scottish political economist and philosopher. His Wealth of Nations (1776) laid the foundations of classical free-market economic theory, government should not interfere with economics. Advocates Laissez Faire and founder of "invisible hand".	2
5218997231	Mary Wollstonecraft	English writer and early feminist who denied male supremacy and advocated equal education for women	3
5218997232	Jean Calvin	French Protestant (16th century) who stressed doctrine of predestination; established center of his group at Swiss canton of Geneva; encouraged ideas of wider access to government, wider public education; Calvinism spread from Switzerland to northern Europe and North America.	4
5218997233	Anglican Church	Form of Protestantism set up in England after 1534; established by Henry VIII with himself as head, at least in part to obtain a divorce from his first wife; became increasingly Protestant following Henry's death.	5
5218997234	Catholic Reformation	Religious reform movement within the Latin Christian Church, begun in response to the Protestant Reformation. It clarified Catholic theology and reformed clerical training and discipline.	6
5218997235	Predestination	The belief that what happens in human life has already been determined by some higher power	7
5218997236	95 Theses	Written by Martin Luther and is widely regarded as the primary catalyst for the Protestant Reformation. It is vitally important to understand that these theses were used for the intent of displaying Luther's displeasure with the Church's indulgences.	8
5218997237	Enlightenment	A movement in the 18th century that advocated the use of reason in the reappraisal of accepted ideas and social institutions	9
5218997238	Catherine the Great	This was the empress of Russia who continued Peter's goal to Westernizing Russia, created a new law code, and greatly expanded Russia.	10
5218997239	Johannes Gutenberg	German printer who was the first in Europe to print using movable type and the first to use a press (1400-1468).	11
5218997240	Martin Luther	A German monk who became one of the most famous critics of the Roman Catholic Church. In 1517, he wrote 95 theses, or statements of belief attacking the church practices.	12
5218997241	Protestantism	General wave of religious dissent against the Catholic church ; generally held to have begun with Martin Luther's attack on Catholic beliefs in 1517; included many varieties of religious belief.	13
5218997242	Isaac Newton	English mathematician and scientist who invented differential calculus and formulated the theory of universal gravitation, a theory about the nature of light, and three laws of motion. His treatise on gravitation, presented in Principia Mathematica (1687), was supposedly inspired by the sight of a falling apple.	14
5218997243	Deism	The religion of the Enlightenment (1700's). Followers believed that God existed and had created the world , but that afterwards He left it to run by its own natural laws. Denied that God communicated to man or in any way influenced his life.	15
5218997244	Henry VIII	English king who created the Church of England afte r the Pope refused to annul his marriage (divorce with Church approval).	16
5218997245	Capitalism	Economic system in which private citizens own and use the factors of production in order to generate profits.	17
5218997246	Mercantilism	An economic system (Europe in 18th C) to increase a nation's wealth by government regulation of all of the nation's commercial interests.	18
5218997247	Glorious Revolution	In this bloodless revolution, the English Parliament and William and Mary agreed to overthrow James II for the sake of Protestantism. This led to a constitutional monarchy and the drafting of the English Bill of Rights.	19
5218997248	Humanism	The doctrine emphasizing a person's capacity fo r self-realization through reason.	20
5218997249	Parliamentary Monarchy	Originated in England and Holland, 17th century, with kings partially checked by significant legislative powers in parliaments.	21
5218997250	Elizabeth I	This queen of England chose a religion between the Puritans and Catholics and required her subjects to attend church or face a fine. She also required uniformity and conformity to the Church of England. Daughter of Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn; she succeeded Mary I (Catholic) and restored Protestantism to England; during her reign Mary Queen of Scots was executed and the Spanish was defeated.	22
5218997251	Scientific Revolution	An era between 16th and 18th centuries when scientists began doing research in a new way using the scientific method	23
5218997252	Thirty Years War	(1618-48) A series of European wars that were partially a Catholic-Protestant religious conflict. It was primarily a battle between France and their rivals the Habsburg, rulers of the Holy Roman Empire.	24
5218997253	Treaty of Westphalia	Ended Thirty Years War in 1648; granted right to individual rulers within the Holy Roman Empire to choose their own religion-either Protestant or Catholic.	25
5218997254	Ivan III	prince of Duchy of Moscow; claimed descent from Rurik; responsible for freeing Russia from Mongolia (a.k.a. Tatars) after 1462; took title of tsar (czar), or Caesar- equivalent of emperor	26
5218997255	Serfdom	the status of peasants under feudalism, specifically relating to manorialism. It was a condition of bondage or modified slavery which developed primarily during the High Middle Ages in Europe and lasted in some countries until the mid-19th century	27
5218997256	third Rome	Russian claim to be successor state to Roman and Byzantine empires; based in part on continuity of Orthodox church in Russia following fall of Constantinople in 1453	28
5218997257	partition of Poland	division of Poland among Russia, Prussia, and Austria in 1772, 1793, and 1795; eliminated Poland as independent state; part of expansion of Russian influence in eastern Europe; significant because before this, Poland was one of the largest nation-states in eastern Europe apart from Russia	29
5218997258	Peter I	son of Alexis Romanov; ruled from 1689 to his death in 1725; continued growth of absolution and conquest; included more definite interest in changing selecte aspects of economy and culture through initiation of western European models	30
5218997259	St. Petersburg	the tsar Peter I (Peter the Great) moved the capital from Moscow to this Baltic city, St. Petersburg; Peter I "commemorated Russia's shift of interests westward by moving his capital from Moscow to a new Baltic city that he named St. Petersburg"	31
5218997260	Westernization	is the assimilation of western culture; the social process of becoming familiar with or converting to customs and practices of western civilization.	32
5218997261	Pugachev rebellion	during 1770s in reign of Catherine the Great; led by cossack Yemelyan Pugachev, who claimed to be legitimate tsar; typical of peasant unrest during the 18th century and thereafter	33
5218997262	Romanov dynasty	dynasty elected in 1613 at end of Time of Troubles; ruled Russia until 1917	34
5218997263	Time of Troubles	followed death of Ivan IV (Ivan the Terrible) without heir early in 17th century; lasted from 1604-1613, when a new tsar was finally selected; boyars attempted to use vacuum of power to reestablish their authority; ended with selection of Michael Romanov as tsar (czar) in 1613, which was the start of the Romanov dynasty, that would rule Russia until the great revolution of 1917	35
5218997264	Ivan IV	confirmed power of tsarist autocracy by attacking authority of boyars (aristocrats); continued policy of Russian expansion; established contacts with western Europe commerce and trade	36
5218997265	boyars	Russian aristocrats; possessed less political power than did their counterparts in western Europe	37

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AP World History Midterm Review Flashcards

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1965039732	Chola Kingdom	What was the wealthy trading state that controlled India from 850-1267?	0
1965039733	Funan empire	What was the first of the Indianized states centered around the capital port of Okeo?	1
1965039734	The spread of Hinduism in southeast Asia	The design of the Khmer temples Angkor Tam and Angkor Wat show what?	2
1965039735	Vijaynagara	In 1336 Harihara and Bukka, 2 emissaries renounced Islam, reconverted to Hinduism and founded what kingdom?	3
1965039736	Charlemagne	Who am I describing: actively supported pope, instigated missing missi dominici, extended authority as far down as rome in the middle ages.	4
1965039737	Charles Martel	Who was the Carolingian dynasty named after?	5
1965039738	Alfred the great king of the Anglo-Saxons	England was unified in the 9th century by whom?	6
1965039739	Holy Roman empire	In 962 Otto the first received a crown from the pope marking the foundation of what?	7
1965039740	The life story of Sundiata who was king of the Ghana Empire. Was told as an oral tradition	What is the great epic story of Mali?	8
1965039741	an oral language of the Bantu people in west Africa Niger river basin	Where did Bantu (language) originally come from?	9
1965039742	Ghana	What was most powerful state in west Africa during arrival of Islam?	10
1965039743	Gold Copper and Salt	Mali became the wealthiest kingdom in Sub-Saharan Africa because of what?	11
1965039744	Naval Power in Ethiopia (christian)	What was Axum?	12
1965039745	Great Zimbabwe	What is the historical capital of Zimbabwe?	13
1965039746	Mansa Musa	Who made a famous pilgrimage to Mecca in 1334?	14
1965039747	The Portuguese	Who sacked the Swahili state of Kilwa in 1505?	15
1965039748	Mali	What West African power had a series of powerful kings, strong cavalry, and a control of west Saharan trade?	16
1965039749	The first female pharaoh in Egypt	Who was Hatshepsut?	17
1965039750	hieroglyphics	What is "holy inscriptions" in Greek?	18
1965039751	Venus Statues	What object reflects early humans deep interest in fertility?	19
1965039752	ostrolopithicus, homo erectus, Neanderthal, chromagnin	Chronological order: Neanderthal, ostrolopithicus, chromagnin, homo erectus	20
1965039753	Agricultural transition	What do anthropologist prefer to the term Agricultural revolution?	21
1965039754	Jericho	What is the earliest Neolithic settlement located at a fresh water oasis near the Dead Sea?	22
1965039755	Sargon	Who was the first creator of an empire in Mesopotamia?	23
1965039756	Cuneiform	What is the Mesopotamian style of writing called?	24
1965039757	Erasmus	Who is the most important of the humanistic thinkers?	25
1965039758	Zheng He	Who was the Chinese admiral who made seven journeys of exploration?	26
1965039759	as Yongle was to china.	In regards to exploration, Prince Enrique was to Portugal	27
1965039760	Vasco De Gama	What Portuguese mariner reached India in 1498?	28
1965039761	The capture of Granada	In 1492 what marked the end of the reconquista?	29
1965039762	The Chinese (Song)	Who invented both the stern port runner and the magnetic compass?	30
1965039763	Circular Wind patterns	What is a wind wheel?	31
1965039764	Bartholomue Dias	Who was the first European to sail around the Cape of Good Hope?	32
1965039765	Upanishads Law Code of Manu	What first century B.C.E. work dealt with moral behavior and social relationships in India?	33
1965039766	Karma	A passage from the Upanishads, explain concept: according to the path a man walks a man acts in the path of good he is good, if he walks in the path of evil he becomes evil.	34
1965039767	Yang Shao, Xia, Shang, Zhou	Chronological order: Shang, Zhou, Xia, Yang Shao.	35
1965039768	Feudalism	What were the Zhou emperors forced to establish because of the size of the Zhou state?	36
1965039769	Oracle bones	In an attempt to foretell the future the Shang made use of what?	37
1965039770	Tian	In regards to gaining or losing the mandate of heaven the Chinese spoke of what term?	38
1965039771	Mesopotamia- Tigris and Euphrates China- Yellow/Huang He Egypt- Nile Mohenjo-Daro- Indus River Valley	Know the correct groupings of river valley civilizations and their rivers.	39
1965039772	Achaemenids, Seleucids, Parthians, Sassanid	Put the Persian empires in correct chronological order: Seleucids, Sassanid, Parthians, Achaemenids.	40
1965039773	End of Persian-Athenian war; Persians lose, Athenians win	Overall the battle of marathon in 490 B.C.E proved to be what?	41
1965039774	Cyrus	Who was the founder of Achaemenid Empire?	42
1965039775	spies appointed by the king	Who were the Persian eyes and ears of the king?	43
1965039776	Xiao	What word best expresses the Chinese concept of pheliopeiety?	44
1965039777	Mencius	Who is the most influential post Confucian philosopher who served as chief spokesman for Kong Fuzi?	45
1965039778	Persian	Which empire normally displayed the greatest degree of toleration towards its subject people?	46
1965039779	Zoroastrianism	These are the basic tenants of what religion: belief in heaven and hell, good morals, final judgment?	47
1965039780	Ahimsa	What is the name of the Jain principal of nonviolence?	48
1965039781	1. Universality of suffering. 2. Desire is the cause of suffering. 3. Nirvana is the cessation of desire. 4. Follow the eightfold path	What are Buddha's four noble truths?	49
1965039782	Maharaj Syri-Gupta (Sria-Gupta)	In 320B.C.E. who created the Gupta dynasty?	50
1965039783	battle of Salamis	What is the most decisive naval battle of the Persian war?	51
1965039784	Bahagavad gita	What is the name of the Indian work which deals with the dialog between Arguna and his charioteer Krishna?	52
1965039785	Socrates	Who said the "unexamined life is not worth living?"	53
1965039786	Philosopher Kings	Who did Plato propose to be the true ruler of society?	54
1965039787	Seleucid Monarchy	Who was the largest part of Alexander's conquest, essential former Acheamenid Empire taken over by?	55
1965039788	Aristotle	Later Christian scholastic philosophers refer to person as "masters of those who know"	56
1965039789	Theodoisus	In 380 C.E. Christianity was proclaimed the official religion of the roman empire by what emperor?	57
1965039790	Edict of Milan	Christians were allowed to openly practice their religion when Constantine wrote what document?	58
1965039791	Constantine	Who built a capital city, reunited empire, and allowed Christians to practice their own religion?	59
1965039792	Zheng Qiuan	Who was the main ambassador sent out by Han Wudi?	60
1965039793	Chang'an to Antiloch	What is the land route of the silk roads ran from this Han capital to this Mediterranean port?	61
1965039794	Nestorians	What was the name of the Christian community that emphasized the human nature of Jesus?	62
1965039795	Romulus Augustulus	In 476 C.E. the Germanic leader Odivasor brought an end to the end of the western empire when he overthrew what roman emperor?	63
1965039796	Atilla the Hun	Chaos threatened the Roman Empire in mid 5th century when Germanic tribes poured into the empire seeking protection from who?	64
1965039797	Mani	The prophet who promoted a syncretic blend of Zoroastrian, Christian, and Buddhist elements into a religious faith that would serve a cosmopolitan world.	65
1965039798	Cyril and Methodious	Who devised the cyrilic alphabet?	66
1965039799	Hajj	The Islamic pilgrimage to Mecca is known as?	67
1965039800	Hagira	What is the turning point in the rise of Islam?	68
1965039801	Abu Baker	After the death of Muhammad, political leadership fell to a caliphate by the name of what?	69
1965039802	Shi'ite	Who believed that the caliphate should follow the line of ali?	70
1965039803	Cotton	Of all the new crops that spread throughout the Islamic world during all the new trade, which proved to be the most important?	71
1965039804	papermaking	What new industry transmitted to the islamic world from china was introduced during the abasid period?	72
1965039805	A roadside inn for caravan traders	What is a caravansary?	73
1965039806	Universities Madrasas	In an effort to bring learned students Islamic leaders supported what higher learning institution?	74
1965039807	Dehli Sultanate	Northern India was dominated through the 12th to the 16th century by what?	75
1965039808	Guanahani	In 1492 on Oct 12th Columbus made landfall on an island that the Tainos natives called?	76
1965039809	Brunelleschi	Who designed the dome in Florence?	77
1965039810	African slaves	In 1500-1800 the largest contingent of migrants to America consisted of what group?	78
1965039811	Magellan's Slave; Henry the Black	The first circumnavigation was completed in 1522 by who?	79
1965039812	James Cook	The explorer who led 3 expeditions into the pacific in 18th century was who?	80
1965039813	Silver Inflation	In the long term, the Columbian exchange led to an economic instability because of what?	81
1965039814	China	Where did the outbreak of the bubonic plague begin?	82
1965039815	Renaissance	What style of painting is being described? use of linear perspective, choice of themes from Greek and Roman world, creation of individual portraits?	83
1965039816	He is a Muslim Judge	Why was Ibn Batuta able to travel so extensively?	84
1965039817	He is a foreigner, the Khan doesn't trust the Chinese people	Why did Kublai Khan employ Marco Polo in an administrative job?	85
1965039818	Walensians	What heretical group in the 16th century attacked increasing materialism of European society?	86
1965039819	Tenochtitlan	What was the capital of Aztecs?	87
1965039820	Chicien Itza	The influence of Maya on Toltec can be seen in the similarities between Tula and the Mayan city of what?	88
1965039821	The Baltic	Where did the Hanseatic league trade?	89
1965039822	Investiture	In a larger sense what is the world or title for the struggle between church and state of Europe?	90
1965039823	Lord and Vassal	What is the most important relationship in feudalism?	91
1965039824	Yuan Dynasty	In 1279 Kublai Khan proclaimed the beginning of what dynasty?	92
1965039825	Osman Bey	Who founded the Ottoman Turks?	93
1965039826	Timur	In the late 14th century what Turkish ruler did all of the following, weakened golden hoard, sacked deli, launched campaigns in south west Asia and Anatolia?	94
1965039827	Khan sent envoys to Persia to facilitate relations and Otrar had them all killed so then Khan had to get revenge.	Why did Genghis Khan send troops in Persia in 1219?	95
1965039828	Trade	What did the invasions of the nomadic Turkish and Mongol tribes facilitate between the 11th and 15th centuries?	96
1965039829	St. Scholastica.	Who spread the Benedictine rule to women living in convents?	97
1965039830	Islam	In 1295 the Il khan Gizan converted to what religion?	98
1965039831	Pope Gregory 1	Who was the most important figure in providing the roman church with the sense of direction during the early middle ages by reasserting papal primacy?	99
1965039832	Mahmud of Ghazni	What Islamic leader lead 17 different raiding expeditions into India during 11th century?	100
1965039833	Umayyad Dynasty	In 711 the northern Indian area of Sind fell to what group?	101
1965039834	Gupta Dynasty	What was brought to an end by an invasion of the white Huns in 451 C.E?	102
1965039835	Loyalty	What is the most important virtue of Boshido?	103
1965039836	Chan Buddhism	What is the most popular school of thought of Buddhism in China?	104
1965039837	Heian period	When was the Chinese influence on Japan most profound?	105
1965039838	Kamakura Shogunate	In 1185 the Minimoto clan defeated their rival the Tyra clan and created what?	106
1965039839	Great Canal	What Sui construction would have important economic implications well into 20th century?	107
1965039840	Ibn Rushd	What Islamic thinker studied Aristotle and thought in turn influenced rise of European scholasticism?	108
1965039841	Equal Field System	The Tang planned to avoid the concentration of land of the wealthy and the resulting unrest was called what?	109
1965039842	Council of Nicea	In 325C.E. what decided that Jesus possessed both human and divine natures?	110
1965039843	Caesaropapism	What is the name system historians use when the emperor has political and religious authority?	111
1965039844	Corpus Iruris ciuilis	Justinian issued what and won recognition as definitive codification of Roman law:	112
1965039845	Ottoman Turks	Constantinople fell in 1453 to whom?	113
1965039846	The Great Schism; the two churches seperated	In 1054 the pope and the patriarch in Constantinople did what?	114
1965039847	Iconoclasm	Emperor Leo the III inaugurated the divisive ecclesiastical policy called what?	115
1965039848	Charlemagne	Direct to the Byzantine emperor arose in the year 800 when the pope gave an imperial crown the what Frankish king?	116
1965039849	The 4th crusade (Norman Knights)	In a disaster which the Byzantine empire never really recovered Constantinople was sacked in 1204 by whom?	117
1965039850	Euripides	Who wrote the Bacchae?	118
1965039851	eupicurians	Which of the Hellenistic philosophies viewed pleasure as the greatest good?	119
1965039852	Pelbians	In an effort to alleviate social tensions, what group was allowed to elect 2 and then 10 tribunes?	120
1965039853	Carthage	The turning point in roman history was their struggle in the punic wars against who?	121
1965039854	Carthaginans	In the early period of Roman expansion the eastern half of the Mediterranean was dominated by the Antigonids, the salusids and the talamayids while the western half was controlled by whom?	122
1965039855	Roman estates similar to manors	What were the latifundia?	123
1965039856	Julius Caesar	In Rome, whose political philosophy favored liberal policies and social reform?	124
1965039857	The anointed	Jesus of Nazareth's followers called him the Christ which mean what?	125
1965039858	Christianity, Mithraism, Judaism	What religions were popular during the roman empire?	126
1965039859	Mahabharata and the Ramayana	What two great Indian epics commonly portrayed women as weak willed and emotional creatures?	127
1965039860	Analects	What is the collection of Confucian sayings and teachings called?	128
1965039861	Ashoka	The high point of Maryan success would come during the reign of whom?	129
1965039862	Chandragupta Maurya	The first ruler to unify India was?	130
1965039863	He proposed Confucianism to government in Universities	In 124B.C.E. Han Wudi transformed china by doing what?	131
1965039864	Han Whodi	Name the person whose most important contribution to china was establishing a president for central imperial rule?	132
1965039865	Daoism	What is the philosophy which criticized social activism and instead proposed a life in reflection and introspection in china?	133
1965039866	Shi Huangdi	Whose policies are closely resemble these: strong centralized rule, huge public project, disarming regional military?	134
1965039867	Shang Dynasty	When did the Chinese begin an extensive use of writing?	135
1965039868	Chavin	What cult produced deities with the features of humans and wild animals in Americas?	136
1965039869	Mayan	What American culture had a system of writing, concept of zero and most elaborate calendar?	137
1965039870	Mayans	What group collapsed due to internal dissension and civil war, failure of water control and spread of epidemic diseases in the Americas like yellow fever?	138
1965039871	New Dynasties didn't agree with past Dynasties	Why were many of literary works of the Chinese destroyed?	139
1965039872	Olmec	What was the first society of Mesoamerica that founded traditions that will be followed by all following civilizations?	140
1965039873	Internal uprising	Who destroyed the ceremonial centers of San Lorenzo and La Venta?	141
1965039874	Maize	By 5 thousand B.C.E Mesoamericans had discovered potential of what crop?	142
1965039875	The Hindu caste system (Brahmin Kshatraya Vaishva Shudra)	What is the Varna hierarchy?	143
1965039876	Indo-Eupopeans	What group may have been the first people to domesticate horses and hitch animals to wagons, had original homeland in Ukraine, and spread variations of their language from India to Europe?	144
1965039877	Harrapa and Mohenjo-Daro	All archeological evidence from early Indian history suggests what two places had central authority?	145
1965039878	Akhenaten (Amenhotep IV)	What pharaoh tried unsuccessfully to make Egypt monotheistic?	146
1965039879	Menes	Egypt was united in 3100 B.C.E. by what conqueror?	147
1965039880	3 out of 4 Meaning of life and death, Human Friendship, Relationship between gods and humans	The epic of Gilgamesh deals with several subjects, what are they?	148
1965039881	Eye for an eye .	What do the words lex talianos relate too?	149

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AP World History Semester Final Flashcards

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1983239473	Artisans:	People who specialized in jobs and became skilled craftworkers	0
1983239474	Ziggurat:	A temple or terraced mound erected by the ancient Assyrians and Babylonians	1
1983239475	cuneiform:	An ancient wedge-shaped script used in Mesopotamia and Persia.	2
1983239476	Hammurabi's Code:	A legal code developed by King Hammurabi of Mesopotamia.	3
1983239477	Patriarchy	A form of social organization in which males dominate females	4
1983239478	Theocracy	A government controlled by religious leaders	5
1983239479	Warring states	between Zhou and Qin dynasties, lack of centralized government in China	6
1983239480	Hinduism	A religion and philosophy developed in ancient India, characterized by a belief in reincarnation and a supreme being who takes many forms	7
1983239481	Varna	4 classes of Hindu society	8
1983239482	Vedas	Ancient Sanskrit writings that are the earliest sacred texts of Hinduism.	9
1983239483	Polythiesm	belief in many gods	10
1983239484	Buddhism	A belief system based on the teachings of Siddhartha Gautama, the Buddha, which stress freeing oneself from worldly desires.	11
1983239485	Moksha	Becoming liberated for the cycle of reincarnation in Hinduism.	12
1983239486	Nirvana	Buddhist concept of a state of spiritual perfection and enlightenment in which distracting passions are eliminated.	13
1983239487	Dharma	In Hindu belief, a person's religious and moral duties	14
1983239488	Samsara	(Hinduism and Buddhism) the endless cycle of birth and suffering and death and rebirth	15
1983239489	Karma	Consequences of one's actions; fate, destiny	16
1983239490	Judaism	Abraham's descendants religious belief, monotheist religion founded by Abraham and whose followers are known as Jews	17
1983239491	Confucianism	A philosophy based on the ideas of Confucius that focuses on morality, family order, social harmony, and government	18
1983239492	Legalism	A Chinese philosophy that was devoted to strengthen and expand the state through increased agricultural work and military service.	19
1983239493	Caste System	A Hindu social class system that are determined by heredity	20
1983239494	Mandate of Heaven	A political theory of ancient China in which those in power were given the right to rule from a divine source	21
1983239495	Polis	A city-state in ancient Greece	22
1983239496	Phalanx	A military formation of foot soldiers armed with spears and shields	23
1983239497	Agora	the center of athletic, artistic, spiritual and political life of Greek city-states	24
1983239498	Limited Democracy	white women, poor white men, slaves and free blacks couldn't vote	25
1983239499	Barbarian	Considered evil, and uncivilized	26
1983239500	Helot	In ancient Sparta, the term for slaves who were owned by the state.	27
1983239501	Hoplite	A heavily armed Greek foot soldier	28
1983239502	Lateen Sail	A triangular sail attached to a short mast	29
1983239503	Council of 500	A group of 500 Athenian citizens randomly elected for one year to propose laws in Athens	30
1983239504	Solon's reform	cancelled all debts, outlawed slavery, which established 4 social classes -based on wealth- but only first 3 classes could hold public office, this reform led to a limited democracy	31
1983239505	Draco's reform	established to end tribal warfare, considered harsh, ultimately destabilized the political situation	32
1983239506	Cleisthenes' reforms	He made most of the Tyrants' reforms. He created a system of democracy in Athens	33
1983239507	Delian League	Alliance among Greek city-states to protect against the Persians	34
1983239508	Monarchy	A government ruled by a king or queen	35
1983239509	Aristocracy	A government in which power is in the hands of a hereditary ruling class or nobility	36
1983239510	Oligarchy	A government ruled by a few powerful people	37
1983239511	Dictator	A ruler who has complete power over a country	38
1983239512	Tyrant	A ruler who takes power by force	39
1983239513	Dorians	A Greek-speaking people who migrated into mainland Greece after the destruction of the Mycenaean civilization, illiterate, led to dark ages	40
1983239514	Satraps	Persian administrators, usually members of the royal family, who governed a satrapy.	41
1983239515	King's Eyes and Ears	inspectors Darius sent out to ensure the loyalty of provincial leaders	42
2015723979	Royal Road	A road for the government use built by the ancient Persian ruler Darius which helped unite the empire	43
2015723980	Zoroastrianism	Monothiestic Persian religion	44
2015723981	Monotheism	Belief in one god	45
2015723982	City-state	A city with political and economic control over the surrounding countryside	46
2015723983	Delian League	Alliance among Greek city-states to protect against the Persians	47
2015723984	Estruscans	occupied northern Italy. Etruscan kings conquered Rome and ruled for a century. Romans adopted the Etruscan form of the alphabet rather than Greek etc...	48
2015723985	Patricians	Powerful landowners who controlled Roman government and society	49
2015723986	Plebeians	Farmers and workers who made up most of the Roman population	50
2015723987	Patron-Client relationship	relationship between powerful people seeking support and less powerful people seeking benefits	51
2015723988	Twelve Tables	Rome's first code of laws; adopted in 450 B.C.	52
2015723989	Consul	An elected official who led the Roman Republic	53
2015723990	Senate	100 members	54
2015723991	Assembly	he Tribal Assembly (comitia tributa) of the Roman Republic was the democratic __________ of Roman citizens.	55
2015723992	Legion	A military unit of the ancient Roman army, made up of about 5,000 foot soldiers and a group of soldiers on horseback.	56
2015723993	Triumvirate	A group of three leaders	57
2015723994	Carthage	An ancient city on the north coast of Africa	58
2015723995	Pax Romana	200 year period of peace in Rome.	59
2015723996	Tribune	In ancient Rome, an official elected by the plebeians to protect their rights.	60
2015723997	Bantu migrations	Migrations of peoples with common culture that spread them to cover most of Africa, starting beneath western Sahara and moving east and south.	61
2015723998	Bedouin	Arab nomads	62
2015723999	Islam	A monotheistic religion based on the belief that there is one God, Allah, and that Muhammad was Allah's prophet. Islam is based in the ancient city of Mecca, Saudi Arabia, the birthplace of Muhammad.	63
2015724000	Universalizing religion	Attempt to be a global religion, appealing to all people. Will seek converts.	64
2015724001	Sunni	A branch of Islam whose members acknowledge the first four caliphs as the rightful successors of Muhammad. makes up most of the islam population	65
2015724002	Shi'a	Also known as Shi'ites; political and theological division within Islam; followers of Ali	66
2015724003	Sufi	A Muslim who seeks to achieve direct contact with God through mystical means	67
2015724004	Shari'a	A body of law governing the lives of Muslims	68
2015724005	Ummah	Muslim community of believers	69
2015724006	Hadith	A collection of the sayings and deeds of Muhammad	70
2015724007	Hajj	A pilgrimage to Mecca, made as an objective of the religious life of a Muslim.	71
2015724008	Hijrah	"Flight" the Migration of Muhammad from Mecca in 622 A.D. to Medina	72
2015724009	Madrasas	Islamic schools	73
2015724010	The Quran	The holy book of Islam.	74
2015724011	The Five Pillars	1) Faith "There is no God but Allah and Muhammad is the Prophet" 2) Prayer 5 times a day towards Mecca 3) Almsgiving 2.5 % income to charity/less fortunate 4) Fasting during the Holy Month of Ramadan 5) Pilgrimage to Mecca	75
2015724012	Caliph	A Muslim ruler	76
2015724013	Caliphate	Muslim empire	77
2015724014	Animism	Belief that objects, such as plants and stones, or natural events, such as thunderstorms and earthquakes, have discrete spirit and concious life.	78
2015724015	Griots	Professional oral historians who served as keepers of traditions and advisors to kings within the Mali Empire	79
2015724016	Bedouins	Arab nomads	80
2015724017	Silk road	A trade route that stretched from China to the Mediterranean Sea	81
2015724018	Medieval	Another name for the Middle Ages.	82
2015724019	The Crusades	1095-1270 were a series of attempts to win back lands conquered by Muslims. in north africa	83
2015724020	Feudalism	A political, economic, and social system based on the relationship between lord and vassal in order to provide protection	84
2015724021	Manoralism	System that described economic relations between landlords and their peasant laborers during the Middle Ages.	85
2015724022	Three Fields system	farmers could grow crops on two thirds of their land instead of half, much more efficient	86
2015724023	Serfs	A person who lived on and farmed a lords land in feudal times	87
2015724024	lords	A person of high rank who owned land but owed loyalty to his king	88
2015724025	pope	Bishop of Rome; head of the Catholic church in western Europe.	89
2015724026	Reconquista	A long effort by the Spanish to drive the Muslims out of Spain	90
2015724027	Inquisition	A Roman Catholic tribunal for investigating and prosecuting charges of heresy - especially the one active in Spain during the 1400s.	91
2015724028	Black Death	A deadly plague that swept through Europe between 1347 and 1351	92
2015724029	Monasteries	Communities of monks	93
2015724030	Treaty of Verdun	843 Treaty that ended power struggle of Charlemagne's 3 sons after his death and split Franks into 3 kingdoms	94
2015724031	Fief	An estate granted by a lord to a vassal in exchange for service and loyalty	95
2015724032	Vassal	A lord who was granted land in exchange for service and loyalty to a greater lord	96
2015724033	Tithe	Church tax	97
2015724034	Code of Chivalry	The rules a knight had to follow	98
2015724035	Canon Law	Church law	99
2031717514	Excommunication	Banishment from the church	100
2031717515	Benedictine Rule	Developed for monasteries; set the rules of life for monks	101
2031717516	Caesaropapism	-The church and state being closely tied	102
2031717517	Hanseatic League	An economic and defensive alliance of the free towns in northern Germany, founded about 1241 and most powerful in the fourteenth century.	103
2031717518	Heresy	Any belief that is strongly opposed to established beliefs	104
2031717519	Secular	Concerned with worldly rather than spiritual matters	105
2031717520	Justinian's Code	An code of laws organized by the Byzantine emperor Justinian	106
2031717521	Scholasticism	A medieval philosophical and theological system that tried to reconcile faith with reason.	107
2031717522	Usury	charging an exorbitant or illegal rate of interest	108
2031717523	Vernacular	Common language	109
2031717524	Missi dominici	Agents of Emperor Charlemagne who traveled throughout the empire to check the condition of the roads, listen to grievances, and see that justice was done	110
2031717525	Interdict	an official prohibition or restraint	111
2031717526	Friar	A member of a catholic religious order	112
2031717527	Monk	A man who gives up all he owns and gives his life to religion.	113
2031717528	Parliament	A body of representatives that makes laws for a nation	114
2031717529	Magna Carta	1215 document that limited the king's ability to tax English nobles and that guaranteed due process and a right to trial	115
2031717530	Great Schism	(1378-1417) Split in the Catholic Church with one Pope in Avignon and the other in Rome, led to questioning the authority of the Church.	116
2031717531	Patriarch vs. Pope	Feud, more fuel to the Eastern/Western religious divide	117
2031717532	Mit'a	Andean labor system based on shared obligations to help kinsmen and work on behalf of the ruler and religious organizations.	118
2031717533	Slash and burn agriculture	a farming technique in which trees are cut down and burned to clear and fertilize the land	119
2031717534	Tribute system	A system in which defeated peoples were forced to pay a tax in the form of goods and labor.	120
2031717535	Equal field system	Tang controls power of aristocracy by dictating how land can be divided, inherited	121
2031717536	Foot binding	Chinese practice of tightly wrapping girls' feet to keep them small. Begun in the tang dynasty	122
2031717537	"Middle Kingdom"	The belief that China is the center of the world	123
2031717538	Samurai	Class of warriors in feudal Japan who pledged loyalty to a noble in return for land	124
2031717539	Shogun	A general who ruled Japan in the emperor's name	125
2031717540	Bafuku	a government , which means headquarters, had three parts to it (the shogun system)	126
2031717541	Hammurabi	Amorite ruler of Babylon (r. 1792-1750 B.C.E.). He conquered many city-states in southern and northern Mesopotamia and is best known for a code of laws, inscribed on a black stone pillar, illustrating the principles to be used in legal cases. (p. 34)	127
2031717542	Li Si	advisor to Shi Huangdi, Shihuangdi's adviser-forges Shihaungdi's will after he dies and fears rebellion so he carries the dead body around and pretends that he is alive, Developing earlier Legalist thinking, who insisted that the will of the ruler was supreme, and that is was necessary to impose discipline and obedience on the subjects through the rigid applications of reward and punishments?	128
2031717543	Confucius	(551-479 BCE) he was an influential teacher, thinker, and leader in China who developed a set of principles for ethical living. He believed that coercive laws and punishment would not be needed to maintain order in society if men following his ethics ruled. He taught his philosophy to anyone who was intelligent and willing to work, which allowed men to gain entry into the ruling through education.	129
2031717544	Siddharta Gautama	The founder of the Buddist religion,he was known as Buddha or "the enlightened one".	130
2031717545	Shi Huangdi	(259-210BC)First ruler of Qin Dynasty "first emperor", he united China for the first time. He built roads and canals and began the Great Wall of China. he also imposed a standard system of laws, money, weights and writing system in China.	131
2031717546	Ashoka	(r.268-232 BCE) The Mauryan emperor who can be compared to Constantine and who promoted Buddhism throught his empire.	132
2031717547	Plato	427-347 BC; Socrates' most famous student; described the ideal form of government in his famous book, The Republic	133
2031717548	Aristotle	A Greek Philosopher, taught Alexander the Great, started a famous school, studied with Plato	134
2031717549	Socrates	(470-399 BCE) An Athenian philosopher who thought that human beings could lead honest lives and that honor was far more important than wealth, fame, or other superficial attributes.	135
2031717550	Draco	an athenian lawmaker in the 7th century whose legal code was unusually severe	136
2052128841	Solon	Athenian reformer of the 6th century; established laws that eased the burden of debt on farmers, forbade enslavement for debt	137
2052128842	Cleisthenes	(500BC) Established the world's first democracy in Athens "father of democracy"-all citizens had the right to participate in assembly	138
2052128843	Darius	A kinsman of Cyrus, he is said to have expanded Cyrus's empire East and West from Macedonia to the Indus river.	139
2052128844	Cyrus the Great	(died 529 BC) King of Persia and founder of the Persian Empire; he defeated the Median army and united the Persians and Medians under his rule.	140
2052128845	Cambyses	A Persian king,named after his father Cyrus,expanded the Persian empire by conquering Egypt.	141
2052128846	Xerxes	(c. 519-465 BC) King of Persia; his armies invaded Greece but were eventually defeated by the Greeks.	142
2052128847	Phillip II of Macedon	Conquered Greece after they were weakened by the Peloponnesian Wars	143
2052128848	Alexander the Great	(356 BCE-323 BCE) He conquered most of the ancient world from Asia Minor to Egypt and India, which began the Hellenistic culture which was a blending of Greek, Persian, Indian, and Egyptian influences.	144
2052128849	Pericles	Athenian leader noted for advancing democracy in Athens and for ordering the construction of the Parthenon.	145
2052128850	Homer	A Greek poet, author of the Iliad and the Odyssey	146
2052128851	Julius Caesar	100-44 BC. Roman general who ended Roman Republic. Conquered Gaul with his powerful army. Made himself Roman dictator in 46 BC. Assassinated by Brutus and others in 44 BC because he was too powerful.	147
2052128852	Crassus	General who defeated Spartacus. Crucified 6,600 slaves on the Alpennine way. He later served in the First Triumvirate.	148
2052128853	Pompey	Roman general and statesman who quarrelled with Caesar and fled to Egypt where he was murdered (106-48 BC)	149
2052128854	Augustus (Octavian) Caesar	defeated Mark Antony in Egypt for control of Rome; became the first emperor of the Roman Empire; started the Pax Romana; codified Roman Law code	150
2052128855	Mark Antony	Aid of Caesar, lead one of the wings of the army in the Battle of Pharsalus. Had to battle Octavian for power after Caesar's assassination. Eventually joined the second Triumvirate. Fell in love with Cleopatra. Killed himself when Octavian came after him.	151
2052128856	Diocletian	(245-313) Emperor of Rome who was responsible for dividing Rome into different provinces and districts. Eventually, the eastern portions of the Empire became known as the Byzantine Empire.	152
2052128857	Jesus	A Jew from Galilee in northern Israel who sought to reform Jewish beliefs and practices. He was executed as a revolutionary by the Romans. Hailed as the Messiah and son of God by his followers, he became the central figure in Christianity, a belief system that developed in the centuries after his death	153
2052128858	Constantine	(274 CE - 337 CE) Roman Emperor between 306 CE and 337 CE. He issued the Edict of Milan which outlawed the persecution of Christians. He also founded the city of Constantinople, the future capital of the Byzantine Empire.	154
2052128859	Muhammad	-Founder of Islamic religion, prophet of allah, conquers Mecca	155
2052128860	Abu Bakr	After the death of Muhammad, he became the first caliph	156
2052128861	Ali	was passed over in favor of Abu for Muhammad's successor	157
2052128862	Seljuk Turks	nomadic Turks from Asia who conquered Baghdad in 1055 and allowed the caliph to remain only as a religious leader. they governed strictly, successfully invaded the Byzantine Empire and defended Palestine from the Crusaders	158
2052128863	Mansa Musa	Emperor of the kingdom of Mali in Africa. He made a famous pilgrimage to Mecca and established trade routes to the Middle East.	159
2052128864	Ibn Battuta	(1304-1369) Morrocan Muslim scholar, the most widely traveled individual of his time. He wrote a detailed account of his visits to Islamic lands from China to Spain and the western Sudan. His writings gave a glimpse into the world of that time period.	160
2052128865	Marco Polo	(1254-1324) Italian explorer and author. He made numerous trips to China and returned to Europe to write of his journeys. He is responsible for much of the knowledge exchanged between Europe and China during this time period.	161
2052128866	Clovis	5th century Frankish leader of a large kingdom who converted to Christianity	162
2052128867	Charlemagne	800 AD crowned by the Pope as the head of the Holy Roman Empire, which extended from northern Spain to western Germany and northern Italy. His palace was at Aachen in central Europe	163
2052128868	Saladin	(1137-1193) Powerful Muslim ruler during Third Crusade, defeated Christians at Hattin took Jerusalem	164
2052128869	Richard the Lion-Hearted	An English knight-lead the Crusaders in attempt to regain the holy land from Saladin-	165
2052128870	King John	King of England who raised taxes and punished his enemies without a trial. He is best known for being forced to sign the Magna Carta.	166
2052128871	Ferdinand	1519, Sailed W around South America to reach Asia - first to sail around the world -voyage took 3 years,1st expedition to circumnavigate the globe, Proved world was round and much bigger than previously thought	167
2052128872	Isabella	First lady of the Renaissance, she was an example for women to break away from traditional roles, and even founded a school for young women. She ruled Mantua, was well educated and a big patron of the arts.	168
2052128873	William the Conqueror	duke of Normandy who led the Norman invasion of England and became the first Norman to be King of England	169
2052128874	Eleanor of Aquitaine	powerful French duchess; divorced the king of France to marry Henry II of England and ruled all of England and about half of France with him	170
2052128875	Joan of Arc	(c. 1412-1431) French peasant girl, a heroine and military leader inspired by religious visions; rallied French troops during the Hundred Years War to resist the English and to have Charles VII crowned king	171
2052128876	Justinian	Byzantine emperor in the 6th century A.D. who reconquered much of the territory previously ruled by Rome, initiated an ambitious building program , including Hagia Sofia, as well as a new legal code	172
2052128877	Theodora	Byzantine empress; she was married to Justinian and exerted a great influence over him and over the political and religious events of the empire	173
2052128878	Thomas Aquinas	(Roman Catholic Church) Italian theologian and Doctor of the Church who is remembered for his attempt to reconcile faith and reason in a comprehensive theology	174
2052128879	Geoffrey Chaucer	"The Canterbury Tales", which was poetry that commented on society and the Church, was written by this poet.	175
2052128880	Dante Alighieri	(1265-1321) an Italian poet famous for writing the 'Divine Comedy,' an epic poem that describes a journey through hell and purgatory and paradise	176
2052186286	Paleolithic Era	A prehistoric period of human history distinguished by the development of the most primitive stone tools discovered. Hunters/Gatherers	177
2052186287	Neolithic Era	"New Stone Age". 12,000-6,000 YA. Refined tools. Women began systematic cultivation of plants. Men began to domesticate animals	178
2052186288	Mesopotamia	A region between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers (random flooding)that developed the first urban societies. In the Bronze Age this area included Sumer and the Akkadian, Babylonian and Assyrian empires, In the Iron Age, it was ruled by the Neo-Assyrian and Neo-Babylonian empires. Hammurabi's code, infertile cresent, ziggurates	179
2052186289	Ancient Egypt	Ancient Civilization in Northeastern Africa. Had paroahs, mummification, the Nile River, and predictable river flooding	180
2052186290	Indus River Valley	A river valley civilization that began in the Indian subcontinent about 8000 years ago around the same time Mesopotamia and ancient Egypt developed. Advanced irrigation and plumbing. Language in records not translated	181
2052186291	Chinese River Valley	Civilization along the Huanghe River (Yellow River) in China developed in considerable isolation, though some overland trading contact developed with India and the Middle East. In addition to the existence of an organized state that carefully regulated irrigation in the flood-prone river valley, the Chinese had produced advanced technology and elaborate intellectual life by about 2000 B.C.E. Mandate of heaven, animism, oracle bones.	182
2052186292	Qin Dynasty	The dynasty that replaced the Zhou dynasty and employed Legalist ideas in order to control warring states and unify the country. Started Great Wall of China. Terracotta army	183
2052186293	Han Dynasty	(202 BC - 220 AD) dynasty started by Lui Bang; a great and long-lasting rule, it discarded the harsh policies of the Qin dynasty and adopted Confucian principles; Han rulers chose officials who passed the civil service exams rather than birth; it was a time of prosperity	184
2052186294	Maurya Dynasty	(321? BCE - 185? BCE) Dynasty that united most of India under the rule of Chandragupta Maurya. Its greatest ruler, Asoka, converted to Buddhism and was instrumental in its spread.	185
2052186295	Gupta Dynasty	An ancient Indian empire from 320 to 550 c.e. covered a lot of the Indian Subcontinent. Founder: Maharaja Sri-Gupta. Known as the Classical Civilization(from peace and prosperity)Golden age of India.	186
2052186296	Minoan	A Neolithic people that started around 3000BC, supposedly the earliest people on the island of Crete. They were excellent sailors & traded w/ Egypt & the Fertile Crescent. Were conquered by mainland Greece.	187
2052186297	Mycenaean	Replaced the Minoans first Greek-speaking people; invaded Minoans; dominated Greek world 1400 B.C. to 1200 B.C.; sea traders; lived in separate city-states; invovled in Trojan War against Troy	188
2052186298	Athens	A greek city state who focused on art, literature and architecture, had democratic government and a jury	189
2052186299	Sparta	A powerful Greek miliary polis that was often at war with Athens. Used slaves known as helots to provide agricultural labor. Oligarchy	190
2052259076	Persia	499-479BCE Greek city-states revolt against Persian rule. Athens assists but revolt is crushed. Greek city-states unite in Hellenic League to combat Persians	191
2052259077	Hellenistic	A cultural blend, under Alexander's policies, of Greek, Persian, Indian, and Egyptian. Koine was the popular spoken language used in these cities.	192
2052259078	Etruscans	Beginning in the 700s BCE,first rulers of Roman Republic and Empire; Laid the foundation for Rome and Roman civilization	193
2052259079	Roman Republic	The period from 507 to 31 B.C.E., during which Rome was largely governed by the aristocratic Roman Senate.	194
2052259080	Roman Empire	1. Politically, one of the longest periods in history of peace (pax Romana). Dissemination of ideas is easy. Rome gets along well with those it has conquered (allows Sanhedrin to administer ... established by Augustus in 27 BC and divided in AD 395 into the Western Roman Empire and the Eastern or Byzantine Empire	195
2054837843	Byzantine Empire	(330-1453) The eastern half of the Roman Empire, which survived after the fall of the Western Empire at the end of the 5th century C.E. Its capital was Constantinople, named after the Emperor Constantine.	196
2054837844	Abbasid Dynasty	(750-1258) Overthrew the Umayyads. Put in place things similar to what was already there so people would be familiar with it (ex. mosques that look like Ziggurats, similar coinage, etc.). Golden age of Islam during this dynasty, Control of Islam shifted to Baghdad. Hereditary line that claimed connection to Muhammad. Baghdad Caliphate. adopted many elements from Persian aesthetics and texts from Greek.	197
2054837845	Umayyad Dynasty	661-750; Dynasty that tried to take Constantinople, twice; Muslim's spread all the way into Europe; called Moors in Spain; lost the Battle at Tours; tolerated other religions if you paid the jizya	198
2054837846	Aksum	A literate, urban state that appeared in northern Ethiopia before the Common Era and grew into an empire and a crossroads for trade	199
2054837847	Ghana	First known kingdom in sub-Saharan West Africa between the sixth and thirteenth centuries C.E. Also the modern West African country once known as the Gold Coast.	200
2054837848	Mali Civilization	west African kingdom, based off of the trade of mostly gold, -Mansa Mus	201
2054837849	Songhai	A West African empire that conquered Mali and controlled trade from the 1400s to 1591. Islam	202
2054837850	Swahili Coast	Coast part of Eastern Africa where they spoke Swahili, in which Islam came by Indian Ocean trade	203
2054837851	Tang Dynasty	(618-907 CE) The Chinese dynasty that was much like the Han, who used Confucianism. This dynasty had the equal-field system, a bureaucracy based on merit, and a Confucian education system., considered the golden age of Chinese civilization and ruled for nearly 300 years; China grew under the dynasty to include much of eastern Asia, as well as large parts of Central Asia	204
2054837852	Song Dynasty	(960 - 1279 AD); this dynasty was started by Tai Zu; by 1000, a million people were living there; started feet binding; had a magnetic compass; had a navy; traded with india and persia (brought pepper and cotton); first to have paper money, explosive gun powder; *landscape black and white paintings, (960-1279) great social and economic progress, marked by the first use of paper currency and standardized coins., accepted Neo-Confucianism as its official philosophy - similar to the older philosophy of Confuciansim in that it taught proper behavior, but Neo-Confucianism also emphasized spiritual matters	205
2054837853	Mongols	A people of this name is mentioned as early as the records of the Tang Empire, living as nomads in northern Eurasia. After 1206 they established an enormous empire under Genghis Khan, linking western and eastern Eurasia.	206
2054837854	Franks	A Germanic people who settled in the Roman province of Gaul (roughly the area now occupied by France) and established a great empire during the Middle Ages., leadership of King Clovis.	207
2054837855	Vikings	Invaders of Europe that came from Scandinavia, Constantinople was raided at least 3 times in the 9th and 10th centuries	208
2054837856	Holy Roman Empire	A Germanic empire located chiefly in central Europe that began with the coronation of Charlemagne as Roman emperor in a.d. 800 (or, according to some historians, with the coronation of Otto the Great, king of Germany, in a.d. 962) and ended with the renunciation of the Roman imperial title by Francis II in 1806, and was regarded theoretically as the continuation of the Western Empire and as the temporal form of a universal dominion whose spiritual head was the pope.	209
2054837857	Middle Ages in Europe	began with the fall of rome and ended with the decline of europe's feudal and religious institutions, Europe in the middle ages was feudal and corrupted. there were several social classes to. castles are usually built with moats and on a high mountains. Manorialism	210
2054837858	Aztec	A Mesoamerican civilization of Mexico who created a strong empire that flourished between the 14th and 15th century. The arrival of Hernando Cortez and the Spanish Conquistadores ended their empire., They forced defeated peoples to provide goods and labor as a tax., Grew corn. Engaged in frequent warfare to conquer others of the region. Worshipped many gods (polytheistic). Believed the sun god Practiced human sacrifices and those sacrificed were captured warriors from other tribes and those who volunteered for the honor.	211
2054837859	Inca Civilization	This civlization rose to power in Central and Northern Peru around 1300 A.D. They extended their territory through conquest. They reached present day Ecuador into central Chile and eastward from the Pacific ocean high into the mountains of Bolivia. The Incas developed the most organized welfare state in the world. They also built many roads, terraced farmings, and suspension bridges. They built a road that almost went through the whole continent of South America. The Incas deeply believed in the importance of working and anybody who didn't work wasn't tolerated.	212
2054837860	Maya	Mesoamerican civilization concentrated in Mexico's Yucatan Peninsula and in Guatemala and Honduras but never unified into a single empire. Major contributions were in mathematics, astronomy, and development of the calendar.	213
2054837861	Toltec	A people who dominated central Mexico in the years 950-1150/1200 ce and exerted influence over much of the territory of modern Mexico and Central America; capital was Tula (modern mexico city)	214
2054837862	Silla Dynasty	This was the ruling dynasty in Korea. At one point, Tang China had tried to conquer Korea, but the dynasty rallied to prevent Chinese domination of the peninsula. The two dynasties agreed to a compromise.	215
2054837863	Olmec	1200-400 B.C.E; The first Mesoamerican civilization. The people of central mexico created a vibrant civilization that included intensive agriculture, wide-ranging trade, ceremonial centers, and monumental construction. The Olmec had great cultural influence on later Mesoamerican societies, passing on artistic styles, religious imagery, sophisticated astronomical observation for the construction of calendars, and a ritual ball game	216
2054837864	Peloponnesian War	(431-404 BCE) The war between Athens and Sparta that in which Sparta won, but left Greece as a whole weak and ready to fall to its neighbors to the north. convulsed most of the Greek world. The war was largely a consequence of Athenian imperialism. Possession of a naval empire allowed Athens to fight a war of attrition. Ultimately, Sparta prevailed because of Athenian errors and Persian financial support.	217
2054837865	Persian War	In the first stage of the war between Persia and Greece the Persian armies were led by king Darius I (550-486 B. C.). The Persians lost to the Athenians and their Greek allies. In the famous land battle of Marathon in 490 B.C. the Persians were defeated by the Athenians and the Plataeans. Battle of Thermopylae and Salamis. Greek unification with the Delian League	218
2055196917	Battle of Thermoplyae	the battle where 300 Spartans gave their lives to help save Greece	219
2055196918	Battle of Salamis	A naval battle between the Greek city-states and Persia (under Xerxes) started by Persians to avenge the previous Persian losses at Battle of Marathon. The overall victory was by Greeks due to their advanced ships and using the strategy of taking on a few Persian ships at once.	220
2055196919	Battle of Marathon	(490 B.C.E.) Battle where the Persians who invaded Greece were defeated on the Plain of Marathon by an Athenian army.	221
2055196920	Punic Wars	A series of three wars between Rome and Carthage (264-146 B.C.); resulted in the destruction of Carthage and Rome's dominance over the western Mediterranean. 1st war over control of Sicily with Hannibal. 3rd war Rome won and salted the earth of Carthage	222
2055196921	Hundred Years' War	(1337-1453) War between England and France over succession to the French throne. It strengthened royal power and brought an end to feudalism. [161]	223
2055196922	Crusades	1096 Christian Europe aim to reclaim Jerusalem and aid they Byzantines; 1st success and the rest a failure; weakens the Byzantines; opens up trade	224
2055196923	Why did gender roles change in the Neolithic Revolution?	As women began to stay at home to take care of kids and plant crops they lost status and became male-dominated	225
2055196924	Greek political life:	Mountains separated the area in many different city-states (Athens, Sparta) Different political forms consisted of democracy, oligarchy, aristocracy, monarchy, and tyrants. Athens had a limited democracy ( only 1/5 of people could vote) created by the aristocrats due to fear of revolution by poor athenians. Sparta had an oligarchy due to fear of revolts by helots.	226
2055196925	Greek social life:	Athens: Women took no part in political or intellectual life. Phillosophy and literature very important Sparta: Women managed family estates, sometimes involved in gov. could fight. Strength and honor was very important.	227
2055196926	Explain the transition from Ancient Greece to classical Greece:	Minoans and Mycenaeans. Mycenaeans taken over by illiterate warriors, Dorians, which created the Dark Ages, then the classical period began with the victory in Persian Wars, then end with Pelopennesian war and is conquered by Alexander the Great.	228
2055331588	Difference between feudalism and manorialism:	Feudalism was a social and political system while manorialism was an economic system	229
2055331589	Hinduism:	Polythiestic, caste systems, aryans>india, caste determined by death, reincarnation, karm, darma, samsara, and moska	230
2055331590	Buddhism:	India, China, sidharta, Four noble truths, enlightenment, Narvana, no diety, desire=suffering	231
2055331591	Christianity:	Jesus, monothiestic/arabis, Rome/europe, salvation by faith, Heaven, split via schism> Roman catholic and eastern orthodox, friars/nuns/monks	232
2055331592	Islam:	Abrahamic, monothiestic, Quaran, Hadith, Muhammad as final prophet, 5 pillars: hajj, confession, fasting, prayer, alms	233
2055331593	Confucianism:	everyone has a place, social hierarchy, philosophy not religion, China	234
2055331594	Daoism:	yin/yang-balance, simplicity, similar to Buddhism, China/asia	235
2055331595	Judaism:	Monothiestic, Abrahamic, Torah, forced into tax collection, scape goats for everything	236
2055331596	Shintoism :	Japan, Animism-spiritual powers in natural world often practiced along side Buddhism	237
2055331597	Zoroastrianism:	First monothiestic, Good vs. evil, Persian, not forced on people because of tolerance> spread on its own	238
2055331598	Church in Medieval Europe:	pope has all power, monks/monasteries> onle center of learning bc monks need to read and write bible> orphanages, inns, library. Scriptorium: corruptedness in the church, excommunication, interdict, usury> jews in banking> progroms in anti-semitism. Torture. "crusades" in spain by finland and isabella and muslims and jews. Friars were missionaries.	239
2055446727	Timeline of civilizations:	Ancient 3500-600BCE: Paleolithic Era>Neolithic Revolution> Indus Valley civilization> Egypt> Mesopotamia>China> Qin Dynasty> Han Dynasty> Mauraya Dynasty> Gupta Dynasty Classical 600BCE-600CE: Greece>Dorian invasion> Athens/Sparta> Persia (Hellenistic Era)>Rome>Roman Republic>Roman Empire (downfall) Post Classical 600CE-1450: Africa> Islamic Empire> Umayyad> Abbasid> Europe (western/Byzantine) Asia: Japan> China (vietnam/Korea)> Mongols Americas: (Mesoamerica) Olme>Toltec>Aztec>Mayans> Teotihuacan> Inca(south america)> North America	240
2058379203	Indus Valley civilization on map:		241
2058379204	Mesopotamia on map:		242
2058379205	Ancient Egypt on map:		243
2058379206	Chinese River Valley on map:		244

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Ap world history dates Flashcards

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5593361715	8000 BCE	Neolithic Revolution	0
5593366123	3000 BCE	Bronze age	1
5593369646	1300 BCE	Iron age	2
5593376472	500 BCE	Buddha, Confucius and laozi	3
5593389459	400 BCE	Greek Gold Age	4
5593394392	323 BCE	Death of Alexander the Great	5
5593410948	221 BCE	Qin Dyansty unifies China	6
5593426199	206 BCE	Establishment of the Han	7
5593434149	32 CE	origin ofChriatianity	8
5593439974	180 CE	Pax Romana	9
5593444750	312	Emperor constantine	10
5593468104	320	establishment of Gupta Empire in India	11
5593480792	333	Constantinople becomes capital of Roman Empire	12
5593494297	476	Fall of Western Roman Empire	13
5593497150	527	Justinian begins rule of Byzantine empire	14
5593538054	622	Founding of islam	15
5593538055	732	Battle of Tours	16
5593540964	1054	Great Schism	17
5593546085	1095	First crusade	18
5593549253	1206	Genghis Kahn and establishment of Mongol empire	19
5593560838	1258	Mongols sack baghdad	20
5593562824	1324	Mansa musa Hajj	21
5593567516	1347-1351	Black Plague	22
5593576902	1368	establishment of the Ming Dynasty	23
5593583253	1438	establishment of the Inca Empire	24
5593590414	1453	Fall of Constantinople	25
5593593211	1480	height of Aztec Empire	26
5593597143	1492	Spanish reconquista/Columbus	27
5593606357	1517	Martin Luther 95 Theses/ Protestant Reformation	28
5593611441	1588	Spanish armada	29
5593615767	1607	Founding of Jamestown	30
5593619366	11618-1648	thirty years war	31
5593621809	1644	Establishment of the Qing Dynasty	32
5593633749	1689	Glorious revolution/English Bill of Rights	33

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AP World History Chapter 10 Flashcards

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3306220433	What are the two major religions in Europe?	Eastern Europe was centered in Constantinople and the patriarch Western Europe was centered on the pope	0
3306221071	How was the Byzantine Empire related to Rome?	Leaders saw themselves as descendants of Rome They kept the Roman government alive (Roman law)	1
3306275939	What was a great city during the time of the Byzantine Empire?	Constantinople	2
3306301763	What were some characteristics of the Orthodox Christian church?	It started in eastern Europe It was dominant through eastern Europe	3
3307856167	What was traded in Constantinople	Arab and Asian products and silk making techniques	4
3307875714	Where did Byzantine culture spread?	Mainly north toward Europe	5
3307906990	East and West parts of Byzantine empire	Didn't connect very well Spread culture from south to north (Up) Eastern more developed	6
3307915730	What was set up in the Byzantine Empire?	A new capital, Constantinople	7
3307924092	Constantinople	Started as Byzantine village New buildings and churches built Spoke Latin in court but Greek was the official language Complex administration and elaborate ceremonies for emperor	8
3313764051	What were characteristics of the early Byzantine empire?	There was a constant threat of invasion Eastern emperors relied on military power	9
3313782843	What was Justinian like?	He was easily persuaded and not very smart Had a manipulative wife named Theodora	10
3313819488	What were Justinian's major achievements?	Rebuilt Constantinople Added domes to popular architecture - Hagia Sohpia - a church Created a law code similar to Rome's - This helped unify the empire and avoid confusion	11
3313864156	Who was Belisarius?	A Roman general	12
3313864876	What did Belisarius do?	Helped try to recapture the old empire Retook parts of Africa and Italy (later lost to the Germans) Attempted to conquer weakened empires leading to all types of invasions - Increased taxes led to revolts	13
3313883083	What religion was practiced in the Byzantine Empire?	People were forcibly converted to Christianity	14
3313888516	What were characteristics of Byzantine culture?	Kept Hellenistic culture alive Roman achievements improved	15
3313891176	What led to the end of the Byzantine Empire?	Continuous Arab invasion	16
3313898755	What effects did the Arab invasions have on the Byzantine Empire?	Empire saved by greek fire Left economic troubles Higher taxes Troubles for farmers	17
3313906363	Other than invasion, what weakened the Byzantine Empire?	Weak then poor emperor cycle	18
3313913874	What did marriages do for the Byzantine Empire?	Maintained the Balkan states - Tsar slavic version of Caesar	19
3313919385	What other civilization were Byzantine society and politics related to?	China	20
3313928820	Describe the Byzantine emperor and religion	Ordained by God Picked by high priest Power over state key in orthodox Elaborate rituals	21
3333317784	What position could women sometimes hold in government?	Sometimes hold power Ex: Theodora, Zoe	22
3333337140	What was the Byzantium bureaucracy like?	Any class could join Had classical greek school teaching similar to priests	23
3333345468	How was Byzantine military organized?	They got soldiers by offering land grants The chain of command eventually became hereditary which became a problem	24
3333359925	What were icon paintings?	Religious figures painted	25
3333362623	What did Byzantine ideas reflect?	More of the past than their own original ideas	26
3333383415	What arguments did the patriarch start between the western and eastern churches?	Bread with or without yeast for communion He attacked Roman Catholics -Celibacy of priests	27
3333390889	What happened during the Schism?	Roman pope excommunicated the patriarch Split between the two churches Patriarch excommunicated all Roman Catholics Only slight communication between them remained	28
3333406553	What caused the decline of the Byzantine Empire?	The Schism Turkish Muslim invaders Seljuks took control of most of the empire	29
3333492910	How did the Byzantines spread Christianity?	Sent missionaries to balkans -Cyril and Mathodius	30
3333546366	What language did the Byzantines use?	They created a script for slavic languages made of greek letters Alphabet is cyrillic	31
3333639075	What were some characteristics of Kievan Rus?	Contained small slavic groups Bulgarians adopted slavic culture Slavs used iron Animistic religion	32
3333758330	What was trade in Kievan Rus like?	Traders began to work along long rivers -Dnieper river Center of trade	33
3333869260	Who was Vladimir I?	He converted to Chrisitanity and forced conversion of people Created law code and small courts	34
3333891313	Who was Yaroslav?	He made a legal code built churches Translated literature from greek to slavic	35
3333904117	What civilization did Russian culture follow?	Followed Byzantines Enjoyed luxury of rulers Elaborate churches and rituals	36
3333931570	What was Russian culture like?	Thought disasters were signs from God Used cyrillic alphabet Didn't have a philosophical or scientific focus	37
3333938932	Who were Boyars?	Russian aristocrats Had power over peasants who generally owned their own land	38
3333951246	What did the Russians do to gain power?	Married off their children to Germans	39
3333951248	What were some characteristics of Kiev?	The main city of Kievan Rus Center of trade Good production of top of hill Religious center Trading (popular with 8 markets)	40
3333960346	What religious characteristics did Kiev have?	Cathedral of Saint Sophia Caves of lavra Religious architecture	41
3333999207	What caused Kievan decline?	Rival princes fought over the throne Fall of Byzantines weakened Kievan Mongols invaded Taken over by tartars	42
3334225614	Who are the Tartars?	Russian word for mongols	43
3334262604	What happened after Russia regained power from the Tartars?	Returned to their old ways Christianity had never disappeared Named its status "third Rome"	44
3334310755	Who had more power: western or eastern Europe?	Western Europe	45
3333947148	What did the Russians do to gain power?		46

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Pre ap world History Flashcards

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2639992809	Land that was ruled by Chandragupta Maurya	India	0
2640005210	Land Ruled by Han Dynasty	China	1
2640009830	Scientist proved the earth was a sphere,great advances in mathematics,invented idea of zero,and of decimal numbers before europeans	India	2
2640019853	land that paper money,printing press paper ,gunpowder for fireworks was invented	China	3
2640023114	Golden Age in China that invented many of its well known inventions was ruled by these dynasties	Tang and Song	4
2640027754	China protected its silk making a secret ?True or False	True	5
2640044815	CHinease system of filing government posts by having applicants take test	civil service	6
2640051437	People of the grasslands( central Asia) who took over many countries	Mongols	7
2640058206	Leader of mongols	Genghis Khan	8
2640059581	Grandson of Genghis khan founded Yuan Dynasty	Kublai Khan	9
2640061363	Famous trading road	Silk Road	10
2640062777	What deadly thing traveled on Silk Road	Bubonic Plague	11
2640064495	European that traveled china and wrote book about it	Marco Polo	12
2640067008	Chinease Dynasty overthrew Mongols and had Zheng He as an explorer	Ming Dynasty	13
2640067917	Knights of Japan	Samuri	14
2640069644	Code of Samuris	Bushito	15
2640078087	Kingdom of East Africa that had major trading with India and Rome:centered in modern Ethiopia	Aksum	16
2640080604	Group of migrators who started from Nigeria spread culture through africa and the sahara	Bantu	17
2640082838	Rich countries that grew rich from gold and salt trade	Ghana, Mali,Songhai	18
2640089162	City founded in Mali and was important center of Islamic learning	Timbuktu	19
2640092063	King that gave away gold on his trip to the Hajj	Mansa Musa	20
2640099929	Language in east Africa that resulted from Arabic and Bantu	Swahili	21
2640108005	A great city state in south Africa of which great stone ruins remain	Great Zimbabwe	22
2640110466	Period of time when people from Asia walked to the Americas	Ice Age	23
2640111816	First civilization in the americas lived in Mexico	Olmecs	24
2640114329	Lived in Oaxaca :built first city in Americas	Zapotecs	25
2640120845	North American Ciff dwellers lived in Colorado	Aasazi	26
2640122334	North American Eastern woodlands indians from New York	Iroquio	27
2640123365	Northermost Tribe often called Eskimo	Inuit	28
2640129188	Highly complex civilization of southern mexico:built huge cities:had highly advanced math:concept of zero had astronomy	Mayans	29
2640130218	pre-Columbian empire in the Americas had highly human sacafices	Aztecs	30
2640134022	Empire in the andes and modern Peru not have writing kept record with strings built roads and bridges	Inca	31
2640136894	Muslim empire 1299-1923 capital was Constantinople(Istanbul) fought in central powers in WWI	Ottoman	32
2640145350	Period of rebirth of art and learning from 1300-1600	Renaissance	33
2640148196	Native languages of the people rather than Latin literature and scholarly writing	Vernacular	34
2640149114	Place where the renaissance began	Italy	35
2640150791	New technique created in renaissance art to make pictures more realistic	Perspective	36
2640152171	Name of wealthy people who supported the art of renaissance	Patrons	37
2640153931	What was German Johann Gutenberg known for	Printing press	38
2640156309	First book printed by printing press	Bible	39
2640161353	16th century movement for religious reform leading to the founding of new christian churches	Protestant Reformation	40
2640162815	German Roman catholic priest wanting to reform problems in catholic church	martin Luther	41
2640165477	document written by martin luther on the ideas on how to change catholic church	95 thesis	42
2640166449	What is the Diet of Worms	Trial of Martin Luther	43
2640172272	founded protestant theocracy :only a few of the select will be saved	John Calvin	44
2640174242	founded own church because catholic church would not divorce him	Henry the eight VIII	45
2640175681	Society of Jesus are named	Jesuits	46
2640188136	Nation founded the navigation school and led the way to european exploration	Portugal	47
2640198702	Transfer from the old worlds to the new worlds	Columbian Exchange	48
2640201297	Trade routes between europe Africa, and the americas	Triangle trade	49
2640202920	Passage where slaves were kidnapped and traded	Middle Passage	50
2640205079	The king of france that was considered Abl=solute Monarchy. Built Versailles	Louis the 14 XIV	51
2640207280	King charles 1 tried to rule w/o parliament this man overthrew him	Oliver cromwell	52
2640209007	English glorious revolution put William and Mary in charge as well as:	English Bill of Rights:Constitutional Monarchy	53
2640212277	Made a telescope and confirmed Copernicus	Galileo Galilei	54
2640214094	Discovered law of gravity and began idea of universe has fundamental laws	Issac Newton	55
2640216750	Movement that applied reason to reforming society	Enlightenment	56
2640220088	Man believed people have natural right :enlightenment philosopher	John Law	57
2640222025	Believed in separation in powers so that powers could check and balance each other	Montesquieu	58
2640223187	Believed freedom of religion intellectual freedom and free speech	Voltaire	59
2640224580	One cause of american revolution Taxation w/o	Representation	60
2640226370	Main Author of Declaration of Independence	Thomas Jefferson	61
2640230178	Replaced the weak Articles of Confederation	U.S Constitution	62
2640231948	Country that had a revolution against King louis XVI	France	63
2640234034	After revolution France was weak he took over and become emperor tried to take over world	Napoleon	64
2640236360	Toussaint l overture led uprising of slaves that gained independence in	Haiti	65
2640237415	Led fight for South American Independece from Spain;Pictured Gran Columbia	Simon Bolivar	66
2640240339	Made in factories rather than at home era	Industrial Revolution	67
2640241814	Where did industrial revolution take place	England	68
2640243299	What are factors of production	Land,Labor ,Capitol	69
2640246263	Man wrote "Wealth of Nations" Government should not regulate economy	Adam Smith	70
2640247010	Founder of Communism	Karl Marx	71
2640251790	Political and economic control of one area by another country	imperialism	72
2640252597	What happened at Berlin Conference	Africa divided by Europeans	73
2640256953	Structure built in Egypt for shortcut mediterranean sea to Red sea	Suez Canal	74
2640271255	Country that took over Egypt and Suez canal for valuable economy	Britain	75
2640274336	Structure built in Panama started buy the French ended by the Americans	Panama Canal	76
2640276591	Glorification of Military power ;military leaders having lots of powers in countrys	Militarism	77
2640280284	Pride in ones country and when extreme can make others inferior	Nationalism	78
2640281450	When countries promise to protect one another	Aliances	79
2640282778	Main cuases of WWI	Militarism,Alliances,Imperialism,nationalism	80
2640285017	Region known as Powder keg of europe	Balkins	81
2640286812	WWI sparked by what	Assassination of Austrian Archduke Franz Ferdinand	82
2640290947	WWI Britain,france,russia,italy,US name	Aliances	83
2640292826	WWI Germany Austria-Hungary and ottoman name	Central Powers	84
2640293595	New weapons used in WWI	Gas,tanks,submarine,airplanes,machine guns	85
2640294427	warfare of ditches	Trench War	86
2640296734	Woodrow wilson plan for peace	14 points	87
2640298205	Treaty that ended WWI	Treaty of versailles	88
2640301525	nation that left WWI early b/c of Revolution	Russia	89
2640302095	Worldwide downpour b/c of Us stock market	Great Depression	90
2640305052	Economic crisis ( great depression)that led to	Democracy down Fascism Up	91
2640307011	Germany breaks treaty of versailles Allies respond with	Appeasement	92
2640307813	WWII was started because Hitler invaded	Poland	93
2640311429	Allie in WWII were	Britain;Soviet union;US	94
2640312569	Axis in WWII were	Germany,Italy,Japan	95
2640315431	Stayed strong during WWII and coined the term IRON CURTAIN;prime minister of Britain	Winston Churchill	96
2640317165	Leader of Soviet union during WWII	Josheph Stalin	97
2640320162	US president during GREAT DEPRESSION and WWII	FDR	98
2640321140	leader of italy during WWII	Mussolini	99
2640323156	Leader of Germany during WWII	Hitler	100
2640325169	Hitlers final solution of Jews	genocide	101
2640326950	Where was D-Day at	Normandy	102
2640327865	US ended war with japan with	Atomic Bombs	103
2640328870	Policies with Japan after their surrender	Demilitarization Democratization	104
2640334061	Trials held for Nazis war crimes	Numenberg	105
2640335384	War where US and Soviet Union are Rivals	Cold War	106
2640337572	Peacekeeping committee founded after World War II	United Nations	107
2640338731	US policy to contain Communism	Truman Doctrine	108
2640340273	led communist revolution in china	Mau Zedoug	109
2640340967	Leader helped India gain independence	Gandhi	110
2640341857	Gandhi pretested this way	Civil Disobedience	111
2640343623	Cold war conflict in which the country became divided at the end	Korean War	112
2640347328	Cold war conflict between north nd south and america interfered with the south	Vietnam	113
2640348281	man who fought against the Apartheid in South Africa	Nelson Mandela	114
2640349075	last leader of soviet union	Mikhaul Gurbacher	115
2640350006	Communist leader of Cuba	Fidel Castro	116
2640351967	CIA attempt to invade cuba	Bay of Pigs	117
2640352915	cuba against USA navy almost led to WWIII	Cuban Missile crisis	118
2640354194	Middle east conflict of two people saying they have historic land	Israel vs Palestinians	119
2640356854	displaced people on middle east conflict believe on terrorism	PLR	120
2640358271	nation becomes theocracy and ruled by Ayatollah	Iran	121
2640359412	organization formed by Osama bin Laden	Al Queda	122
2640360786	Nation US invades for belief of Atomic bombs	Iraq	123
2640362495	Protesting by students for democracy and freedom in China	Tinamen Square	124
2640363915	TAKing of jobs that moves across the country	Globalization	125
2640367697	economic system were no one can have private property and everyone should have equal benefits	Socialism	126
2640369623	Government should use power to end poverty by having control on major resources and providing public services	Communism	127
2640371455	government tuned by religious leaders	Theocracy	128
2640372306	government tuned by small group of elites	Oligarchy Aristocracy	129
2640373931	Governement that has total control over every aspect of life	Totalitatian	130
2640377179	government of intense nationalism belief in all powerful leader and militarism	Fascism	131

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AP world history dates Flashcards

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2102874246	8000 BC	Beginnings of agriculture	0
2102874247	3000 BC	Beginnings of the Bronze Age	1
2102874248	1300 BC	Iron Age	2
2102874249	6th Century BC	Life of Buddha, Confucius, and Lao Tsu	3
2102874250	5th Century BC	Greek Golden Age	4
2102874251	323 BC	Alexander the Great	5
2102874252	221 BC	Qin unified China	6
2102874253	32 CE	Beginnings of Christianity	7
2102874254	180 CE	End of Pax Romana	8
2102874255	220 CE	End of Han Dynasty	9
2102874256	333	Roman capital moved to Constantinople	10
2102874257	4th Century	Beginnings of Trans-Saharan trade routes	11
2102874258	476	Fall of Rome	12
2102874259	527	Justinian rule of Byzantine Empire	13
2102874260	632	Rise of Islam	14
2102874261	732	Battle of Tours	15
2102874262	1054	1st Schism of the Christian Church	16
2102874263	1066	Norman conquest of England	17
2102874264	1071	Turks defeat Byzantium	18
2102874265	1095	1st Crusade	19
2102874266	1215	Signing of Magna Carta of England	20
2102874267	1258	Mongols sack Baghdad	21
2102874268	1271-1295	Marco Polo travels	22
2102874269	1324	Mansa Musa's Pilgrimage	23
2102874270	1325-1349	travels of Ibn Battuta	24
2102874271	1347-1348	Bubonic Plague in Europe	25
2102874272	1433	end of Zheng He's voyages/ Rise of the Ottomans	26
2102874273	1453	Ottomans capture Constantinople	27
2102874274	1488	Dias rounded the Cap of Good Hope	28
2102874275	1492	Reconquista of Spain	29
2102874276	1502	Slaves to Americas	30
2102874277	1517	Martin Luther/ 95 Thesis	31
2102874278	1521	Cortez conquered the Aztecs	32
2102874279	1533	Pizarro conquered the Incas	33
2102874280	1571	Battle of Lepanto-Navel defeat of the Ottomans by the spanish	34
2102874281	1588	defeat of the Spanish Armada by the English	35
2102874282	1600	beginning of Tokugawa shogunate	36
2102874283	1607	Founding of Jamestown	37
2102874284	1618-1648	30 years' war	38
2102874285	1683	unsuccessful Ottoman siege of Vienna	39
2102874286	1689	Glorius Revolution/ English Bill of Rights	40
2234497633	1756-1763	7 years was/ French and Indian war	41
2234498552	1776	American Revolution/ Smith writes wealth of nations	42
2234500308	1789	French revolution	43
2234501760	1804	Haitian independence	44
2234505475	1815	Congress of Vienna	45
2234515765	1820s	Independence in Latin America	46
2234517038	1839	1st Opium war in China	47
2234518179	1848	Europeans revolutions/ Marx and Eagles write Communist Manifesto	48
2234520830	1853	Commodore Perry opens Japan	49
2234528506	1857	Sepoy Mutiny	50
2234529857	1861	end of Russian Serfdom/ Italian unification	51
2234531303	1863	Emancipation Proclamation in US	52
2234537112	1871	German Unification	53
2234538057	1885	Berlin conference-division of Africa	54
2234540455	1898	Spanish-American war	55
2234541722	1899	Boer war	56
2234541723	1905	Russo- Japanese War/ Decembrist Revolt in Russia	57
2234546995	1910-1920	Mexican revolution	58
2234548247	1911	Chinese revolution	59
2480366510	1914	WWI	60
2480368903	1917	Russian revolution	61
2480368904	1919	Treaty of Versailles/ end of WWI	62
2480371006	1929	Stock market crash	63
2480371899	1931	Japanese invasion of Manchuria	64
2480372892	1935	Italian invasion of Ethiopia	65
2480373834	1939	German blitzkrieg in Poland	66
2480375128	1941	Pearl Harbor, entry of US into WWII	67
2480376687	1945	end of WWII	68
2480379567	1947	independence and partition of India	69
2480379568	1948	creation of Israel	70
2480380917	1949	Chinese Communist revolution	71
2480382893	1950-1953	Korean war	72
2480387655	1954	Vietnam defeat French at Dien Bien Phu	73
2480405421	1956	de-Stalinization/ nationalization of Suez Canal	74
2480413671	1959	Cuban revolution	75
2480414837	1962	Cuban missile crisis	76
2480420395	1967	6-day war/ Chinese Cultural Revolution	77
2480421677	1973	Yom Kippur war	78
2480423038	1979	Iranian Revolution	79
2480428755	1989	Tiananmen Square/fall of the Berlin Wall	80
2480430210	1991	fall of the USS/ 1st Gulf War	81
2480431248	1994	genocide in Rwanda/ 1st all race elections in South Africa	82
2480433565	2001	9/11 attacks	83
2480434552	2002	The Euro was introduced into circulation	84
2480437531	2003	US declares war on Iraq March 19th, Sadaam Hussein captured Dec 14th	85
2480439594	2004	Facebook was launched	86
2480440728	2005	Hurricane Katrina	87
2480441566	2006	Twitter is launched; North Korea conducted its first nuclear test/ Hussein executed	88
2480443698	2007	Beginning of global economic downturn; debut of iPhone	89
2480445564	2008	Beijing Olympics; Kindle debut; Google Street View released	90
2480448324	2009	Africa's population hits 1 billion; Obama elected president of US	91
2480451031	2011	US captured Osama Bin Laden	92

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Ap World History Flashcards

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4747307378	Beginnings of agriculture	8000 BCE	0
4747307379	Bronze age and early civilizations	3000 BCE	1
4749065892	Bantu Migrations	2000 BCE	2
4749065893	Hinduism	1750 BCE	3
4749065894	Moses and the jews from Egypt	1300 BCE	4
4749065895	Life of Buddha, Confucius, and Laozi	6th C. BCE	5
4751862141	Golden Age of Greece	5th C. BCE	6
4751862142	Era of Warring States	403-221 BCE	7
4751862143	Mauryan Dynasty	322-184 BCE	8
4751862144	Qin Dynasty Unifies China	221 BCE	9
4751862145	Beginning if Silk Roads	2nd C. BCE	10
4751862146	THE ROMANS DOOD	27 C. BCE- 476 CE (REMEMBER CE)	11
4751862147	Beginning of Christanity	32 CE	12
4751862148	Beginning of Trans-Saharan Trade Routs	4th C	13
4751862149	Gupta Dynasty	320-550 CE	14
4751862150	Eastern Roman Empire splits from Western. ( lmao this happens a lot during history )	395	15
4751862151	Founding of Islam	622 ( If you couldn't tell im done Putting CE)	16
4751862152	Printing invented in China	730	17
4751862153	Battle of Tours	(This is pretty important Just sayin) 732	18
4751862154	Decline of classical Maya	c. 900	19
4751862155	Great Schism (Split between Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox Church)	1045 I TOLD YOU THIS HAPPENS A LOT	20
4751862156	Battle of Manzikert	1071	21
4751862157	First Crusade	1095	22
4751862158	Beginnings of Genghis Khan's Mongol conquests (Dirty barbarians)	1206	23
4751862159	Mongols sack Baghdad; end of Abbasid caliphate	1258	24
4751862160	Marco Polo's travels	1271-95	25
4751862161	Yuan (Mongol) Dynasty in China	1279-1368	26
4751862162	Hajj of Mansa musa	1324	27
4751862163	Travela of Ibn Battuta	1325-48	28
4751862164	THE BIG SCARY BLACK DEATH THAT ISNT EVEN RELEVANT NOW	1347.. oo basket case came on this is great..oh yeah the other date -1348	29
4751862165	Ming Dynasty	1368-1644	30
4751862166	Voyages of Zheng He	1405-33	31
4751862167	Rise of the Incan Empire	1438	32
4751890207	Gutenberg printing press.	c. 1450	33
4751890208	Ottoman capture of Constantinople	1453	34
4751890209	Dias rounds Cape of good Hope	1488	35
4751890210	Columbus RUINS EVERYTHING oh yeah also Reconquista of spain	1492	36
4751890211	African slaves to Americas	1502	37
4751890212	Martin Luther (not King Jr.)/ Protestant reformation	1517	38
4751890213	Cortez conquers Aztecs	1519-21	39
4751890214	Magellan Circumnavigates the globe	1521-23	40
4751890215	Ottoman Siege of Vienna (Didn't really work out)	1529	41
4751890216	Pizarro conquers Inca	1532	42
4751890217	Discovery of silver at potosi	1545	43
4751890218	Battle of Lepanto	1571	44
4751890219	Manila Galleon	1571	45
4751890220	Battle of Sekigahara	1600	46
4751890221	RIP NATIVES Founding of Jamestown	1607	47
4751890222	Thirty years war	1618-38 (wow I wonder how long that lasted)	48
4751890223	Quing Dynasty	1644-1911 ( Goes on for a pretty long time )	49
4751890224	Founding of cape town	1653	50
4751890225	Ottman suck again to seige the same city of Vienna	1683	51
4751890226	Glorious Revolution / English Bill of Rights (ENGLAND)	1689	52
4754021942	Invention of the spinning jenny	1767	53
4754021943	American Revolution (MURICA)	1776-83	54
4754021944	Smith's Wealth of Nations	1776	55
4754021945	Smallpox vaccine	1796	56
4754021946	Haitian independence	1804	57
4754021947	British abolish trans-Atlantic slave trade	1807	58
4754021948	Janissary (Turks) Revolt	1807-08	59
4754021949	Congress of Vienna	1815	60
4754021950	Latin American Independence	1820's	61
4754021951	Erie Canal opens	1825	62
4754021952	First opium war	1839	63
4754021953	Tranzimat reforms	1839-78	64
4754021954	Dirty communism... Marx and Engel's "The Communist Manifesto	1848	65
4754021955	European revolutions	1848-49	66
4754021956	Commodore Perry "Opens" Japan	1853	67
4754021957	Sepoy Mutiny	1857	68
4754021958	Russia "Frees" serfs	1861	69
4754021959	U.S Civil War... ruh roh	1861-65	70
4754021960	Italian unification	1861-70	71
4754021961	Suez canal opens	1869	72
4754021962	German unification	1871	73
4754021963	Berlin conference	1885	74
4754021964	Brazil Ends slavery	1888	75
4754021965	New Zealand grants women suffrage... come on America	1893	76
4754021966	Battle of Adwa	1896	77
4754021967	Spanish-American war	1898	78
4754021968	Boer war	1899-1902	79
4754021969	Russo-Japanese war	1904-05	80
4754021970	Mexican Revolution	1910-20	81
4754021971	Chinese Revolution	1911	82
4754021972	Panama Canal opens	1914	83
4754021973	World War I	1914-19	84
4754021974	Russian Revolution... Yikes	1917	85
4754021975	Balfour Declaration	1917	86
4754021976	Treaty of Versailles... Basically World War II in writing	1919	87
4754021977	Washington Naval conference	1921-22	88
4754049823	New York Stock Market Crash (The beginning of the Great Depression just sayin)	1929	89
4754049824	Salt March ( Ha the people must of been pretty salty about the british )	1930	90
4754049825	Japanese Invasion of Manchuria	1931	91
4754049826	Italian Invasion of Ethiopia	1935	92
4754049827	Japanese Invasion of China (Rape of Nanking)	1937	93
4754049828	World War II	1939-1945	94
4754049829	German "Blitzkreig" against Poland	1939	95
4754049830	Japanese attack Pearl harbor	1941	96
4754049831	Battle of Stalingrad	1942-43	97
4754049832	Bretton Woods conference	1944	98
4754049833	Yalta conference	1945	99
4754049834	Hiroshima/Nagasaki	1945	100
4754049835	Truman doctrine	1947	101
4754049836	Independence and partition of India	1947	102
4754049837	Founding of Israel (this pissed off a lot if people)	1948	103
4754049838	Founding of NATO	1949	104
4754049839	More dirty communism... But this time in China (Revolution)	1949	105
4754049840	Korean War	1950-53	106
4754049841	Vietnam expels France Important to know for the Vietnam war just sayin	1954	107
4754049842	Bandung conference	1955	108
4754049843	Khrushchev Begins de-Stalinization	1956	109
4754049844	Suez Canal Crisis	1956	110
4754049845	Sputnik	1957	111
4754049846	Cuban revolution	1959	112
4754049847	Cuban Missle Crisis	1962	113
4754049848	Nuclear Test-Ban treaty	1963	114
4754049849	Chinese Cultural Revolution	1966-76	115
4754049850	Six day war	1967	116
4754049851	Yom Kippur War	1973	117
4754049852	Cambodian Genocide ( T H A N K G O D we are finally learning about this)	1975-79	118
4754067035	Iranian Revolution	1979	119
4754067036	First palestinian Intifada	1987	120
4754067037	Tiananmen square	1989	121
4754067038	Namibia Independent	1990	122
4754067039	Persian gulf war	1991	123
4754067040	COMMUNISM ENDS... only in Russia though.. U.S.S.R disbands	1991	124
4754067041	NAFTA forms	1994	125
4754067042	Rwanan genocide	1994	126
4754067043	First all race elections In South Africa	1994	127
4754067044	EU forms .. and The U.K leaves 17 years later lol	1999	128
4754067045	9/11	2001	129
4754067046	U.S Invades Iraq	2003	130
4754067047	Global "Great Recession" Begins	2007	131
4754067048	Arab spring	2011	132
4754067049	Murder of Harambe	2016	133

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