| CourseNotes

AP Language - Tone Words Flashcards

The manner in which an author expresses his or her attitude; the intonation of the voice that expresses meaning. Tone is described by adjectives, and the possibilities are nearly endless. Often a single adjective will not be enough, and tone may change or shift from chapter to chapter or stanza to stanza or even line to line. Tone is the result of allusion, diction, figurative language, imagery, irony, motif, symbol, syntax, and style.
Very young children can sense a speaker's attitude in tone. But understanding tone in prose and poetry is an entirely different matter. The reader does not have voice inflection to carry meaning. Thus, a student's appreciation (knowledge) of word choice, details, imagery, and language all contribute to the understanding of tone. To misinterpret tone is to misinterpret meaning.

Terms : Hide Images

5077115799	critical	inclined to find fault or judge with severity	0
5077115800	angry	feeling or showing anger and strong resentment	1
5077115801	infuriated	displaying anger in a passionate way	2
5077115802	irate	displaying anger in a dispassionate way	3
5077115803	aggravated	to be or become irritated or inflamed	4
5077115804	indignant	feeling, characterized by, or expressing strong displeasure at something considered unjust, offensive, or base	5
5077115805	outraged	strongly offended, insulted, or affronted	6
5077115806	bitter	resentful or cynical	7
5077115807	ambiguous	open to or having several possible meanings or interpretations	8
5077115808	confused	mystified	9
5077115809	perplexed	bewildered; puzzled	10
5077115810	caustic	severely critical or sarcastic	11
5077115811	biting	capable of gripping and affecting or wounding	12
5077115812	irreverent	showing a lack of respect for things or people that should be taken seriously	13
5077115813	mocking	teasing or laughing at in a scornful way	14
5077115814	disdainful	showing contempt or a lack of respect	15
5077115815	contemptuous	scornful, showing contempt	16
5077115816	sardonic	grimly mocking or cynical	17
5077115817	sarcastic	marked by or given to using irony in order to mock or convey contempt	18
5077115818	tongue-in-cheek	used to refer to humor in which a statement, or an entire fictional work, is not meant to be taken seriously, but its sarcasm is subtle	19
5077115819	ironic	happening in the opposite way to what is expected, and typically causing wry amusement because of this	20
5077115820	cynical	believing that people are motivated by self-interest; distrustful of human sincerity or integrity	21
5077115821	skeptical	not easily convinced; having doubts or reservations	22
5077115822	wry	using or expressing dry, especially mocking, humor	23
5077115823	arrogant	having or revealing an exaggerated sense of one's own importance and abilities	24
5077115824	pretentious	attempting to impress by affecting greater important, talent, culture, etc., than is actually possessed	25
5077115825	condescending	to talk to someone in a haughty way, as though it is below one's dignity or level of importance	26
5077115826	patronizing	to treat someone with an apparent kindness that betrays a feeling of superiority	27
5077115827	authoritative	commanding and self-confident	28
5077115828	humourous	causing light-hearted laughter and amusement	29
5077115829	bantering	an exchange of light, playful, teasing remarks; good-natured raillery	30
5077115830	silly	weak-minded or lacking good sense; stupid or foolish. Also, absurd, irrational, ridiculous.	31
5077115831	mock-heroic	imitating or burlesquing that which is heroic, as in manner, character, or action	32
5077115832	amused	pleasurably entertained, occupied, or diverted	33
5077115833	joyful	glad; delighted	34
5077115834	ecstatic	subject to or in a state of ecstacy; rapturous	35
5077115835	elated	very happy; proud; jubilant	36
5077115836	effusive	lacking reserve; overflowing	37
5077115837	contented	satisfied with what one is or has	38
5077115838	disappointed	depressed or discouraged by the failure of one's hopes or expectations	39
5077115839	sad	affected by unhappiness or grief	40
5077115840	elegiac	expressing sorrow or lamentation	41
5077115841	melancholic	disposed to or affected with melancholy; gloomy	42
5077115842	depressing	sad; lower in spirits; dejected; dispirited	43
5077115843	mournful	feeling or expressing sorrow or grief; sorrowful; sad	44
5077115844	poignant	keenly distressing to the feelings	45
5077115845	somber	gloomy, depressing, or dismal	46
5077115846	bleak	without hope and encouragement	47
5077115847	whimsical	playfully quaint and fanciful, especially in an appealing and amusing way	48
5077115848	fanciful	overimaginative and unrealistic	49
5077115849	wistful	having or showing a feeling of vague or regretful longing	50
5077115850	flippant	not showing a serious or respectful attitude	51
5077115851	nostalgic	characterized by or showing feelings of nostalgia	52
5077115852	sentimental	dealing with feeling of tenderness, sadness, or nostalgia in an exaggerated or self-indulgent way	53
5077115853	reflective	relating to or characterized by deep thought; thoughtful	54
5077115854	regretful	feeling or showing regret	55
5077115855	remorseful	feeling deep regret or guilt for a wrong committed	56
5077115856	apologetic	regretfully acknowledging or excusing an offense or failure	57
5077115857	challenging	provocative; intriguing	58
5077115858	contentious	causing or likely to cause an argument; controversial	59
5077115859	surprising	causing wonder or astonishment	60
5077115860	shocking	extremely startling, distressing, or offensive	61
5077115861	inflammatory	tending to excite anger, disorder, or tumult	62
5077115862	horrific	having the power to horrify someone	63
5077115863	dramatic	highly effective; striking	64
5077115864	passionate	capable of, affected by, or expressing intense feeling	65
5077115865	impartial	having no direct involvement or interest and not favoring one person or side over another	66
5077115866	objective	based on facts rather than thoughts and opinions	67
5077115867	clinical	practical and unemotional	68
5077115868	factual	consisting of the truth or including only things that are actual	69
5077115869	detached	not attached to something and unaffected by emotional involvement	70
5077115870	disinterested	unbiased by personal interest or advantage; not influenced by selfish motives	71
5077115871	bored	tired and impatient	72
5077115872	apathetic	showing or feeling no interest, enthusiasm, or concern	73
5077115873	indifferent	having no particular interest or sympathy; unconcerned	74
5077115874	straightforward	uncomplicated and easy to do or understand	75
5077115875	candid	truthful and straightforward; frank	76
5077115876	pedantic	of or like a person who is excessively concerned with minor details and rules or displaying academic learning	77
5077115877	learned	having much knowledge; erudite	78
5077115878	scholarly	concerned with academic learning and research	79
5077115879	didactic	intended for instruction; inclined to teach and lecture others too much; teaching or intending to teach a moral lesson	80
5077115880	moralistic	characterized by or displaying a concern with morality	81
5077115881	inspirational	imparting inspiration (stimulation of the mind or emotions to a high level of feeling or activity	82
5077115882	respectful	full of, characterized by, or showing politeness or deference	83
5077115883	reverent	feeling or showing deep and solemn respect	84
5077115884	appreciative	being thankful or grateful for something	85
5077115885	sympthetic	feeling, showing, or expressing sympathy	86
5077115886	compassionate	feeling or showing concern for others	87
5077115887	interested	to be engaged or excited about something	88
5077115888	curious	eager to know and learn something	89
5077115889	urgent	needing attention very soon, especially before anything else, because important	90
5077115890	serious	needing or deserving your complete attention	91
5077115891	ominous	suggesting that something unpleasant is likely to happen	92
5077115892	apprehensive	feeling worried about something you are going to do	93
5077115893	foreboding	a feeling that something very bad is likely to happen soon	94
5077115894	threatening	expressing a threat of something unpleasant and violent	95
5077115895	accusing	reproachful; condemning	96
5077115896	admiring	to regard with wonder, pleasure, or approval	97
5077115897	admonitory	serving to warn, especially to correct	98
5077115898	affectionate	having or displaying warmth or affection	99
5077115899	ambivalent	having mixed or opposing feelings at the same time	100
5077115900	amiable	friendly, pleasant, likable	101
5077115901	artificial	not genuine; insincere	102
5077115902	belligerent	given to fighting, warlike; combative, aggressive	103
5077115903	benevolent	kindly; favorable towards; charitable	104
5077115904	bewildered	completely confused; puzzled	105
5077115905	brash	offensively bold	106
5077115906	callous	emotionally hardened; insensitive; unfeeling	107
5077115907	choleric	easily angered; bad-tempered	108
5077115908	cheery	bright and pleasant; sanguine	109
5077115909	condemnatory	expressing strong disapproval of; judgmental; critical	110
5077115910	consoling	affording comfort or solace	111
5077115911	contemplative	studying, thinking, reflecting on an issue	112
5077115912	droll	amusing in a wry, subtle way	113
5077115913	earnest	serious in intention or purpose; showing depth and sincerity of feelings	114
5077115914	despairing	hopeless, despondent, discouraged	115
5077115915	fervent	greatly emotional or zealous	116
5077115916	forthright	frank, direct, straightforward	117
5077115917	grateful	feeling or showing gratitude	118
5077115918	grave	causing fear or anxiety by discussion of matters deserving serious attention; weighty; momentous	119
5077115919	haughty	arrogant, excessively proud and vain	120
5077115920	matter-of-fact	unemotional; straightforward	121
5077115921	meditative	reflective, thoughtful	122
5077115922	obsequious	attentive in an ingratiating or servile manner; attempting to win favor from influential people from flattery	123
5077115923	pompous	overly self-important in speech and manner; excessively stately or ceremonious	124
5091437841	bombastic	pompous, ostentatious	125
5091440516	colloquial	vernacular	126
5091442453	concrete	actual, specific, particular	127
5091444351	connotative	alludes to; sugguestive	128
5091446463	cultured	cultivated, refined, finished	129
5091449079	emotional	expressive of emotions	130
5091452056	esoteric	understood by a chosen few	131
5091455962	euphemistic	insincere, affected	132
5091458191	exact	verbatim, precise	133
5091460605	figurative	serving as illustration	134
5091462501	formal	academic, conventional	135
5091464729	grotesque	hideous, deformed	136
5091466741	homespun	folksy, homey, native, rustic	137
5091469316	idiomatic	peculiar, vernacular	138
5091471185	insipid	uninteresting, tame, dull	139
5091473432	jargon	vocabulary for a profession	140
5091475972	literal	apparent, word for word	141
5091478369	obscure	unclear	142
5091480510	obtuse	dull-witted, undiscerning	143
5091482482	ordinary	everyday, common	144
5091482483	plain	clear, obvious	145
5091484798	poetic	lyric, melodious, romantic	146
5091488788	precise	exact, accurate, decisive	147
5091491791	provincial	rural, rustic, unpolished	148
5091494967	sensuous	passionate, luscious	149
5091497282	simple	clear, intelligible	150
5091499608	slang	lingo, colloquialism	151
5091501998	symbolic	representative, metaphorical	152
5091504362	trite	common, banal, stereotyped	153
5091506227	informal	casual, relaxed, unofficial	154
5091508343	vulgar	coarse, indecent, tasteless	155
5091523765	complimentary	praising or approving	156
5091539107	confident	showing assurance	157
5091541903			158

Powered by Quizlet.com

AP Language Terms - part 1 Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images

4254065895	sermon which can include a moral, serious talk, speech of lecture	homily	0
4254065896	literal, dictionary definition of a word	denotation	1
4254065897	drawing of a reasonable conclusion from the information presented	inference	2
4254065898	an implied, direct comparison	metaphor	3
4254065899	refers to grammatical framing of words, phrases, sentences, etc that show structural similarity	parallelism	4
4254065900	repetition of initial consonant sounds	alliteration	5
4254065901	an emotionally violent verbal attack using abusive language	invective	6
4254065902	a fanciful expression, usually in the form of an extended metaphor or surprising analogy, where a clever but unusual comparison is made	conceit	7
4254065903	teaching	didactic	8
4254065904	a figure of speech which names one object as a substitute for another closely related	metonymy	9
4254065905	a grammatical unit that contains both a subject and a verb	clause	10
4254065906	a device used to produce figurative language	figure of speech	11
4254065907	a statement that appears to be self-contradictory but on closer inspection contains some degree of truth	paradox	12
4254065908	a form of understatement that affirms the point by denying the opposite	litotes	13
4254065909	the word or phrase referred to by a pronoun	antecedent	14
4254065910	where natural sounds are imitated in the sounds of the words	onomatopoeia	15
4254065911	a major category in to which a literary work fits	genre	16
4254065912	the use of slang or informalities in speech or writing	colloquial	17
4254065913	a more agreeable or less offensive substitute for an unpleasant word or concept	euphemism	18
4254065914	where an author groups appraently contradictory terms to suggest a paradox	oxymoron	19

Powered by Quizlet.com

American Government.Elections Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images

5592560190	Suffrage	The right to vote	0
5592560191	Constituent	A person whom a member of government has been elected to represent.	1
5592560192	Political Efficacy	The belief that one's political participation really matters - that one's vote can actually make a difference	2
5592561456	Delegate	A person appointed or elected to represent others	3
5592561457	Election	The process of choosing public officials	4
5592561458	Nomination	a process by which political parties officially select and offer candidates for public office	5
5592561459	Primary election	A ballot vote in which citizens select a party's nominee for the general election.	6
5592561460	Caucus	A meeting of local party members to choose party officials or candidates for public office and to decide the platform.	7
5592564042	General Election	An election held to choose which candidate will hold office	8
5592564043	Electoral College	the body of electors who formally elect the United States president and vice-president	9
5592564044	Winner-Take-All	the candidate who wins the popular vote in a state recieves all of the state's electoral votes	10
5592568928	Popular Vote	the total number of votes cast by individual voters in a presidential election, as opposed to the electoral vote	11
5592581242	Ballot	A document listing the alternative candidates you can vote for	12
5607340396	National Convention	the meeting of party delegates every four years to choose a presidential ticket and write the party's platform.	13

Powered by Quizlet.com

AP HUMAN TEST : LANGUAGE Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images

5554846218	examples of folk culture	-small, isolated groups -homogenous groups -clustered -clothing reflects culture -traditional	0
5554846219	examples of pop culture	-large groups of people -heterogenous groups -dispersed -shares custom -clothing reflect occupation	1
5554846220	True or False? The internet can actually help a minority culture survive with blogs and language sites.	True	2
5554846221	Folk	-religious -family centered -male dominance -modest -extended family -wattle & stone homes -no internet	3
5554846222	Pop	-secular -materialistic -promiscuous -women's rights -nuclear family -standard homes -internet	4
5554846223	how does pop culture diffuse?	hierarchally through major cities like NYC, LA, London, Chicago	5
5554846224	how does folk culture diffuse?	relocation by movement of amish people from PA to kentucky	6
5554846225	taboos for Hindi	don't eat beef	7
5554846226	taboos for Muslim, halal, jews	don't eat pigs	8
5554846227	which two technologies do folk culture protectors fear the most?	diffusion of TV &a diffusion of the internet	9
5554846228	what do these have in common: english-navaho english-cherokee mandarin-tibetan english-scottish spanish-catalonian english-aboriginal lang.	first killed the second by destroying their language	10
5554846229	why is ones language vital for culture consistency?	without language, culture cannot be transmitted	11
5554846230	what is a literary tradition?	any language that is written...it helps maintain cultural continuity	12
5554846231	what are ideograms?	symbols...non-alphabetic	13
5554846232	would ethnic or universalizing faiths be concerned with converting languages into a literary tradition?	universalizing	14
5554846233	which universalizing religion has had the most success at converting almost all languages into a literary form?	christianity, not islam bc they have to read in arabic	15
5554846234	how many languages are spoken today?	4,000-8,000	16
5554846235	why such a wide confidence interval?	depends on definition	17
5554846236	is music,math and dance a language	YES	18
5554846237	what is language divergence?	dialects becoming a distinct language	19
5554846238	what is required for language divergence ?	time & isolation	20
5554846239	what happened to vulgar latin after rome fell?	collapse of the empire romance languages	21
5554846240	what is a collection of related languages with a "prehistoric" ancestor?	language family	22
5554846241	what is the largest language family?	indo-european is 50%	23
5554846242	what is the most common sino-tibetan language?	mandarin	24
5554846243	what are the two most common afro-asiatic languages	hebrew & arabic	25
5554846244	what is a collection of related languages with a common ancestor?	language branch	26
5554846245	what are 4 of the 8 major branches of indo-european?	germanic,romance,balto-salvic,indo-iranian	27
5554846246	is hellenic indo-european?	yes	28
5554846247	what is a standard language?	the official dialect that sets the quality, which is a matter of cultural identity and national concern	29
5554846248	give an example of a standard language	chinese= mandarin spoken around bejing british english= british recieved pronunciation	30
5554846249	is BRP a language?	NO	31
5554846250	what is an isogloss	a transition zone surrounding a particular linguistic feature	32
5554846251	what language is spoken by the most people as a primary language today?	mandarin english ranks second	33
5554846252	True or False? in europe there is a high correlation between languages spoken &a political boundaries	true SW europe is romance NW europe is germanic E europe is slavic	34
5554846253	what is an isolated language?	not related to any other language	35
5554846254	what is the largest isolated language?	korean & basque	36
5554846255	what is the oldest isolated language ?	khoisan	37
5554846256	what physical features lead to language isolate?	mountain valleys or islands...20 are in the andes	38
5554846257	what 2 language families are found in india?	Hindi=indo-european and has the most speakers Dravidian= is the second most spoken and is in SE	39
5554846258	what is pinyin?	trying to turn mandarin into an alphabet	40
5554846259	where is the hearth of pro indo-european languages?	stepped of ukraine & russia	41
5558459249	what language was extinct only to emerge in the 20th century?	hebrew	42
5558459250	what was vulgar latin?	poor peoples dialect	43
5558459251	what is language replacement?	replacement or modification of language by stronger invaders of a less advanced people	44
5558459252	is language replacement assimilation or acculturation?	acculturation	45
5558459253	where is language replacement occurring today?	UK, USSR, Tibet, Spain, & Portuguese	46
5558459254	what is the Esperanto experiment?	an effort to create a world language during the twentieth century	47
5558459255	what is a lingua franca?	used when conducting business between other countries with different languages	48
5558459256	what is a pidgin?	created out of a mixture of other languages as a means of communication between speakers of different tongues	49
5558459257	what can pidgin also be called?	contact language or auxiliary language	50
5558459258	if a parent teaches their child a pidgin & it becomes their primary language, is it still a pidgin?	no, it's a creole	51
5558459259	what creole has become the lingua franca of East Africa?	swahili	52
5558459260	what process is when a pidgin becomes a language?	creolization	53
5558459261	True or False? Only a few true monolingual states are left in the modern world.	True...like japan, uruguay,iceland,portugal	54
5558459262	does the USA have an official language?	Nl	55
5558459263	where is the francophone world?		56
5558459264	what country is divided into a Dutch speaking region in the north and the french speaking in the south?	Belgium	57
5558459265	what is linguistically and religiously occurring in Cyprus?	UN enforced buffer zome	58
5558459266	is Afrikaans a creole?	yes, Dutch and Niger-congo words	59
5558459267	what is the most commonly Niger-congo language spoken?	bantu	60
5558459268	how are basque and khoisan similar?	isolated languages	61
5558459269	what is language extinction?	no one speaks it, like tibetan	62
5564159943	what is a haram?	something forbidden	63
5564159944	what are two problems associated with the globalization of pop culture?	1.threatens folk culture 2.harmful to the environment because of suburban areas and the carbon footprint	64
5564159945	what is the most polite language?	japanese	65
5564295214	what is exogamy?	marrying outside of your religious/cultural realm	66
5564295215	where is the language family afro-asiatic spoken?	northern africa and the middle east....hebrew& arabic	67
5564295216	what does BRP stand for?	British Received Pronuncition	68
5564295217	what is the language for the parts of europe?	SW-romance NW-germanic E-slavic	69
5564295218	what are the languages of Africa?	S-khoisan N-afro-asiatic rest of africa is Niger-Congo	70
5564295219	what is the Conquest Theory? (aka kurgan hearth theory)	-one of the theories of proto-indo-european -spread west as people conquered the territory	71
5564295220	what is the Agriculture Theory? (aka anatolian hearth theory)	-another theory of proto-indo-european -began in mountainous terrain -people sharing agriculture technique	72
5564295221	what are the official languages of the UN?	-English -Spanish -French -Mandarin -Russian -Arabic	73
5564295222	what are the few monolingual states?	-Japan -Uruguay -Venezuela -Iceland -Portugal -Poland -Lesotho	74
5586541397	what are the stages of a language? (in order)	family branch group language dialect	75
5586541398	Why do countries have a lingua franca?	-tech -navigation -education -pop culture -tourism -finance	76
5586541399	Multilingual case study (Nigeria)	-colonial creation of almost unimaginable linguistic diversity -3 major regional languages -more than 12 major local languages spoken	77
5586541400	multilingual case study (Canada)	-quebec speaks french bc they wanted to maintain local diversity	78
5586541401	multilingual case study (belgium)	-2 languages spoken; french in south and flemish/ dutch in north	79
5586541402	multilingual case studies (russia)	-during USSR the russian lang. became the lingua franca -lots of minority languages	80
5586541403	multilingual case studies (cyprus)	-turkish in the north; greek and orthodox christian in south	81
5586541404	multilingual case studies (switzerland)	(63%) (20%) (6.5%) -german, french, italian, (.5%) and romansh	82
5586541405	multilingual case studies ( 1994 czechoslovakia)	-czech on west and slovak on east	83

Powered by Quizlet.com

AP Literature - Midterm Flashcards

Key terms in AP English Literature and Composition from the Kaplan study guide.

Terms : Hide Images

1086146367	allusion	a reference to a literary or historical event, person, or place	0
1086146369	anaphora	the regular repetition of the same word or phrase at the beginning of successive phrases or clauses	1
1086146370	antithesis	the juxtaposition of sharply contrasting ideas in balanced or parallel words	2
1086146371	apostrophe	an address or invocation to something that is inanimate	3
1086146372	archetypes	recurrent designs, patterns of action, character types, themes, or images which are identifiable in a wide range of literature	4
1086146373	assonance	a repetition of identical or similar vowel sounds	5
1086146374	ballad	a narrative poem that is, or originally was, meant to be sung	6
1086146375	ballad stanza	a common stanza form, consisting of a quatrain (stanza of four lines) that alternates four-beat (iambic tetrameter) and three-beat (iambic trimeter) lines: "In SCARlet TOWN where I was BORN/ there LIVED a FAIR maid DWELLin'"	7
1086146376	blank verse	the verse form that most resembles common speech, consisting of unrhymed lines in iambic pentameter	8
1086146377	caesura	a pause in a line of verse, indicated by natural speech patterns rather than specific metrical patterns	9
1086146378	chiasmus	a figure of speech by which the order of the terms in the first of two parallel clauses is reversed in the second: "Pleasure is a sin, and sometimes sin's a pleasure."	10
1086146379	conceit	a comparison of two unlikely things that is drawn out within a piece of literature, particularly a piece of extended metaphor within a poem	11
1086146380	connotation	what is suggested by a word, apart from what it implicitly describes	12
1086146381	consonance	the repetition of a sequence of two or more consonants, but with a change in the intervening vowels: "pitter-patter, pish-posh"	13
1086146382	couplet	two rhyming lines of iambic pentameter that together present a single idea or connections: "So long as men can breathe or eyes can see/So long lives this and this gives life to thee."	14
1086146383	dactylic	a metrical foot in poetry consisting of two unstressed syllables followed by a stressed syllable: "Everywhere, everywhere, Christmas tonight."	15
1086146384	diction	the specific word choice an author uses to persuade or convey tone	16
1086146385	dramatic monologue	a monologue set in a specific situation and spoken to an imaginary audience; soliloquy	17
1086146386	elegy	a poetic lament upon the death of a particular person, usually ending in consolation	18
1086146387	enjambment	the continuation of a sentence from one line or couplet of a poem to the next	19
1086146388	epic	a poem that celebrates, in a continuous narrative, the achievements of mighty heroes and heroines, often concerned with the founding of a nation or developing of a culture	20
1086146389	exposition	that part of the structure that sets the scene, introduces or identifies characters, and establishes the situation at the beginning of a story or play	21
1086146390	extended metaphor	a detailed or complex metaphor that extends over a long section of a work, also known as a conceit	22
1086146391	falling action	that part of plot structure in which the complications of the rising action are untangled; also known as the denouement	23
1086146392	free verse	poetry that is characterized by varying line lengths, lack of traditional meter, and non-rhyming lines	24
1086146393	hyperbole	overstatement characterized by exaggerated language	25
1086146394	iambic	a metrical foot in poetry that consists of an unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable: "Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?/Thou art more lovely and more temperate."	26
1086146395	idyll	a short poem describing a country or pastoral scene, praising the simplicity of rustic life	27
1086146396	imagery	any sensory detail or invocation in a work; also, the use of figurative language to evoke a feeling, call to mind an idea, or describe and object	28
1086146397	informal diction	language that is not as lofty or impersonal as formal diction; similar to everyday speech	29
1086146398	in medias res	"in the midst of things"; refers to opening a story in the middle of the action, necessitating filling in past details by exposition or flashback	30
1086146399	irony	a situation or statement characterized by significant difference between what is expected or understood and what actually happens or is meant	31
1086146400	juxtaposition	the location of one thing as being adjacent or juxtaposed with another, to create a certain effect	32
1086146401	limited point of view	a perspective confined to a single character, whether a first person or a third person	33
1086146402	meter	the more or less regular pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables in a line of poetry	34
1086146403	metonymy	a figure of speech in which an attribute or commonly associated feature is used to name or designate something: "The White House announced today," "The pen is mightier than the sword."	35
1086146404	mood	a feeling or ambiance resulting from the tone of the piece as well as the writer/narrator's attitude and point of view	36
1086146405	motif	a recurrent device, formula, or situation that often serves as a signal for the appearance of a character or event	37
1086146406	narrative structure	a textual organization based on sequences of connected events, usually presented in a straightforward, chronological framework	38
1086146407	ode	a lyric poem that is somewhat serious in subject and treatment, is elevated in style, and sometimes uses elaborate stanza structure, which is often patterned in sets of three; often written to praise or exalt a person, quality, characteristic, or object	39
1086146408	onomatopoeia	a word capturing or approximating the sound of what it describes: "buzz," "clank"	40
1086146409	oxymoron	a figure of speech that combines to apparently contradictory elements: "jumbo shrimp," "deafening silence"	41
1086146413	paradox	a statement that seems contradictory but may actually be true: "fight for peace"	42
1086146415	parallel structure	the use of similar forms in writing for nouns, verbs, phrases, or thoughts: "Jane likes reading, writing, and skiing," NOT "Martha takes notes quickly, thoroughly, and in a detailed manner."	43
1086146417	pastoral	a work that describes the simple life of country folk, usually shepherds who live a timeless, painless life in a world full of beauty, music, and love; also called an eclogue, a bucolic, or and idyll	44
1086146423	personification	treating an abstraction or nonhuman object as if it were a person by endowing it with human qualities	45
1086146424	persona	the voice or figure of the author who tells and structures the story and who may or may not share the values of the actual author (e.g. adult Scout in 'To Kill a Mockingbird,' Watson in 'Sherlock Holmes')	46
1086146425	Petrarchan sonnet	a sonnet form that divides the poem into one section of eight lines (octave) and a second section of six lines (sestet) usually following the abba abba cde cde rhyme scheme; also called an Italian sonnet	47
1086146426	quatrain	a poetic stanza of four lines	48
1086146427	refrain	a repeated stanza or line(s) in a poem or song	49
1086146428	rhyme	the repetition of the same or similar sounds, most often at the ends of lines	50
1086146429	rhythm	the modulation of weak and strong elements in the flow of speech	51
1086146430	satire	a literary work that holds up human failings to ridicule and censure	52
1086146431	scansion	the analysis of verse to show its meter	53
1086146432	setting	the time and place of the action in a story, poem, or play	54
1086146433	Shakespearean sonnet	a sonnet form that divides the poem into three units of four lines each and a final unit of two lines, usually abab cdcd efef gg; also called an English sonnet	55
1086146434	shaped verse	another name for concrete poetry, poetry that is shaped to look like an object	56
1086146435	soliloquy	a monologue in which the character in a play is alone and speaking only to himself or herself	57
1086146436	speaker	the person, not necessarily the author, who is the voice of a poem	58
1086146437	stanza	a section of a poem demarcated by extra line spacing	59
1086146438	couplet	two-line stanza	60
1086146439	tercet	three-line stanza	61
1086146440	quatrain	four-line stanza	62
1086146441	cinquain	five-line stanza	63
1086146442	sestet	six-line stanza	64
1086146443	structure	the organization or arrangement of the various elements in a work	65
1086146444	symbol	a person, place, thing, event, or pattern in a literary work that designates itself and at the same time figuratively represents or "stands for" something else	66
1086146445	synecdoche	when a part is used to signify a whole: "All hands on deck," "He stole five hundred head of longhorns."	67
1086146446	syntax	the way words are put together to form phrases, clauses, and sentences	68
1086146447	theme	a generalized, abstract paraphrase of the inferred central or dominant idea or concern of a work	69
1086146448	tone	the attitude a literary work takes toward its subject and theme	70
1086146449	tragedy	a drama in which a character (usually good and noble and of high rank) is brought to a disastrous end in his or her confrontation with a superior force due to a fatal flaw in his or her character	71
1086146450	trochaic	a metrical foot in poetry that is the opposite of iambic, with the first syllable stressed and the second not: "BY the SHORES of GITCHee GUMee,/BY the SHINing BIG-Sea-WATer"	72
1086146451	villanelle	a verse form consisting of 19 lines divided into six stanzas - five tercets and one quatrain; the first and third lines of the first tercet rhyme, and this rhyme is repeated through each of the next four tercets and in the last two lines of the concluding quatrain	73

Powered by Quizlet.com

AP Literature Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images

5334001323	Telegraphic	Shorter than 5 words	0
5334001324	Short	Approx. 5 words	1
5334001325	Medium	Approx. 18 words	2
5334001326	Long	Long & involved 30+ words	3
5334001327	Declarative	Makes a statement; assertive	4
5334001328	Imperative	Gives a command; authoritative	5
5334001329	Interrogative	Asks a question; questioning	6
5334001330	Exclamatory	Makes an exclamation; emotional	7
5334001331	Natural order	Constructing a sentence so the subject becomes before the predicate "Oranges grow in California."	8
5334001332	Inverted order	Constructing a sentence so the predicate becomes before the subject; used to crest emphatic/ rhythmic effect) "in California grow oranges."	9
5334001333	Split order	Divides predicate into two parts with the subject coming in the middle " in California oranges grow. "	10
5334001334	Simple	1 subject & 1 verb; 1 main, complete thought "The singer bowed to her adoring audience."	11
5334001335	Compound	2 independent clauses joined by a coordinate conjunction; 2+ main, complete thoughts " The singer bowed to the audience, but she sang no encores. "	12
5334001336	Complex	1 simple sentence and 1+ clauses; independent clause and 1+ subordinate clauses "After she boughed to the audience, the singer sang an encore."	13
5334001337	Compound-complex	2+ principal clauses & 1+ subordinate clause "The singer bowed while the audience applauded, but she sang no encores."	14
5334001338	Loose	Makes complete sense if brought to a close before the actual ending "We reached Denver that morning."	15
5334001339	Periodic	Makes sense only when the end of the sentence is reached "That morning, we reached Denver."	16
5334001340	Balanced	Phrases & clauses balance each other by virtue of likeness of structure, meaning, or length	17
5334001341	Narrative perspective	POV; how the story is told	18
5334001342	Narrator	Voice of story; not necessarily author	19
5334001343	Intrusive narrator	Comments on story & influences reader	20
5334001344	Mode of presentation	Way a writer narrates (show vs. tell)	21
5334001345	Scenic presentation	Event is described in detail (show)	22
5334001346	Panoramic presentation	Story is told as condensed series of events (tell)	23
5334001347	Reported thought	Thoughts, memories, association; intimate access to character's mind	24
5334001348	Stream of consciousness	Convey flow of thoughts & emotions	25
5472479513	Syntax	Structure of sentences, their types, their uses, the connection and also smaller structures within sentences.	26
5472489816	Juxtaposition	Poetic and rhetorical device in which normally an associated ideas, words, or phrases our place next to one another creating an effective surprise and wit "The apparition of these faces in the crowd;/petals on a wet, black bough."	27
5472495239	Parallel structure (parallelism)	Grammatical/structural similarity between sentences or parts of a sentence; it involves an arrangement of words, phrases, sentences, and paragraph so the elements of equal importance are equally developed in similarly phrased Ex : "He was walking, running, and jumping for joy."	28
5472501750	Repetition	The device in which words sounds and ideas are used more than once to enhance them and create emphasis	29
5472505127	Rhetorical question	A question that expects no answer; used to draw a point	30
5472508629	Rhetorical fragment	A sentence fragment use deliberately for a persuasive purpose or to create a desired effect "Something to consider."	31
5472512570	Anaphora	Repetition of same word or group of words at the beginning of successive clauses "We shall fight on the beaches, we shall fight in the landing-grounds."	32
5472516802	Asyndeton	Deliberate omission of conjunctions in a series of related clauses Ex "I came, I saw, I conquered"	33
5472524083	Chiasmus/antimetabole	Sentence strategy in which the arrangement of ideas in the second clause is a reversal of the first "Ask not what your country can do for you; ask what you can do for your country."	34
5472528894	Polysyndeton	Deliberate use of many conjunctions for special emphasis to highlight quantity or mass of detail or to create a flowing continue sentence pattern Ex. Continuously repeating "and" to tell a story	35
5472538951	Stichomythia	Dialogue in which the endings and beginnings of each line echo each other talking on a new meaning with each line Ex: "Hamlet, thou hast thy father much offended. Mother,you have my father much offended."	36
5472549367	Zeugma	Use of the verb that has two different meanings with objects that complement both meanings Ex: He stole both her car and her heart that fateful night.	37
5472558590	(Punctuation) Ellipses	A trailing off; equally etc.; going off into a dreamlike state	38

Powered by Quizlet.com

AP Literature Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images

5769432730	Allegory	a story that can be interpreted to reveal a hidden meaning. An allegory has two levels of meaning: a literal level and a symbolic level.	0
5769434077	Allusion	A brief reference in a text to a person, place, or thing.	1
5769435819	Antagonist	the most significant character or force that opposes the protagonist. The antagonist may be another character, society itself, a force of nature, or even conflicting impulses within the protagonist.	2
5769435820	Antihero	a protagonist who is lacking in qualities attributed to a hero. The ______ could be cowardly, self-interested, or weak.	3
5769435821	Archetype	a recurring character, symbol, landscape, or event found literature across different cultures and eras.	4
5769461152	Aside	a few words or short passage spoken in an undertone or to the audience. Other characters onstage are deaf to the aside.	5
5769461153	characterization (flat, round, etc.)	the techniques a writer uses to create, reveal, or develop the characters in a narrative. Flat characters are two-dimensional in that they are relatively uncomplicated and do not change. Round characters are complex and undergo development, sometimes sufficiently to surprise the reader.	6
5769461154	Conflict	the central struggle between two or more forces in a story. ________ occurs when some person or thing prevents the protagonist from achieving his or her goal.	7
5769461155	Connotation	An additional meaning that a word, image, or phrase may carry, apart from its literal definition.	8
5769461156	Couplet	a two line stanza in poetry, usually rhymed, which tends to have lines of equal length. Shakespeare's sonnets often ended in rhymed couplets.	9
5769461157	Denotation	the literal, dictionary meaning of a word.	10
5769461158	Diction	The author's word choice or vocabulary used in a particular work.	11
5769461159	Genre	a combination of literary form and subject matter, usually aimed at creating certain effects. For example, short story genres include science fiction, horror, and detective tales.	12
5769461160	Imagery	the collective set of images in a poem or other literary work. Visually descriptive language	13
5769461161	In medias res	meaning "in the midst of things". A device of beginning a story midway in the events it depicts, usually at an exciting moment.	14
5769461162	Verbal Irony	is often sarcastic. When someone says the opposite of what they really feel or mean.	15
5769461163	Situational Irony	something happens that is the opposite of what was expected.	16
5769461164	Dramatic Irony	when the audience is aware of something the characters aren't	17
5769461165	Metaphor	a statement that one thing is something else, which, in a literal sense, it is not. For example "Richard is a pig".	18
5769461167	Narrator	a voice or character that provides the reader with information and insight in a narrative.	19
5769461168	Personification	a figure of speech in which a thing, animal, or term is given human characteristics.	20
5769461169	Simile	a comparison of two things, indicated by a connective. "Cool as a cucumber" is an example of a _______.	21
5769461170	Stream of consciousness	a type of modern narration that uses various literary devices, especially interior monologue, in an attempt to duplicate the nature of human consciousness.	22
5769461171	Symbolism	the use of a person, place, or thing that suggests meaning beyond its literal sense. The conch shell in Lord of the Flies is a symbol of civilization and order.	23
5769461172	Syntax	how words are put together to form sentences.	24
5769461174	arete	a certain kind of excellence that a hero exhibits.	25
5769461175	Hubris	with that excellence comes an excess of pride. This is similar to arrogance.	26
5769461176	Ate	the hero has so much pride that he experiences a "blind recklessness". He has the delusion that normal rules don't apply to him.	27
5769461177	Nemesis	self-imposed ruin brought by recognition of one's flaws. "You are your own worst enemy".	28
5769461178	The Iceberg Principle	a minimalistic style focusing on surface elements without explicitly discussing underlying themes. Hemingway believed the deeper meaning of a story should not be evident on the surface, but should shine through implicitly. Just as the visible tip of an iceberg hides a far greater mass of ice underneath the ocean surface, so does Hemingway's writing.	29
5769461179	Narrative bias	our tendency to make sense of the world through stories. Our brain creates a narrative to link information together, and creates other facts that do not fit in the story.	30
5769461180	Narrative proximity	The term describes the proximity of the story's narrator to the subject he is describing.	31
5769461181	First Person	writing from the "I" point of view. "I" is the viewpoint character.	32
5769461182	Third Person Limited	The viewpoint character is he or she. The reader only knows the thoughts and feelings of one character. But, one character is closely followed throughout the story, and it is typically a main character.	33
5769461183	Third Person Omniscient (Involved Author)	The story is not told from within any single character. There may be numerous viewpoint characters. The narrator knows the feelings and thoughts of every character in the story.	34
5769461184	Detached Author (fly on the wall)	There is no viewpoint character. The narrator is not one of the characters and can say of the characters only what a neutral observer might infer. It's a story the narrator witnessed and wants to tell us.	35
5769461185	Observer Narrator (first person)	The narrator is simply an observer of the protagonist. The narrator is one of the characters but not the principal character. The story is not about them.	36
5769461186	Observer Narrator (third person)	The narrator is simply an observer of the protagonist. The narrator is one of the characters but not the principal character. The story is not about them.	37
5769461187	Chorus	serves as a voice of the audience, common knowledge, and wisdom.	38
5769461188	Protagonist	the main character. Often struggles with his or her flaws.	39
5769461190	False Center	similar to a joker or trickster. Draws attention away from the protagonist.	40
5769461191	Messenger	this character provides important information.	41
5769461192	Foil	presence heightens the significance of the protagonist. Influential when around protagonist.	42
5769464911	tone v. mood	tone is the author's attitude toward his or her subject. Mood is the atmosphere that surrounds the reader. Mood is the emotions that are aroused in a reader.	43

Powered by Quizlet.com

AP Literature Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images

2320743136	1. Acrimony	sharpness, harshness, or bitterness of nature, speech, disposition	0
2320743137	2. Adder	any of various other venomous or harmless snakes resembling the viper	1
2320743138	3. Admonition	counsel, advice, or caution	2
2320743139	4. Affront	a personally offensive act or word	3
2320743140	5. Alacrity	cheerful readiness, promptness, or willingness	4
2320743141	6. Alliteration	the commencement of two or more words of a word group with the same letter, as in apt alliteration's artful aid	5
2320743142	7. Allusion	a passing or casual reference; an incidental mention of something, either directly or by implication	6
2320743143	8. Analogous	a similarity between like features of two things, on which a comparison may be based	7
2320743144	9. Animosity	a feeling of strong dislike, ill will, or enmity that tends to display itself in action	8
2320743145	10. Antebellum	before or existing before a war, especially the American Civil War; prewar	9
2320743146	11. Apathetic	having or showing little or no emotion	10
2320743147	12. Apostrophe	a digression in the form of an address to someone not present	11
2320743148	13. Arduous	requiring great exertion; laborious; difficult	12
2320743149	14. Arrogate	assume or appropriate to oneself without right	13
2320743150	15. Assonance	resemblance of sounds	14
2320743151	16. Assuages	to make milder or less severe; relieve; ease; mitigate	15
2320743152	17. Augment	to make larger; enlarge in size, number, strength, or extent; increase	16
2320743153	18. Avail	to be of use or value to; profit; advantage	17
2320743154	19. Barmaid	a woman who bartends	18
2320743155	20. Barmy	containing or resembling barm; frothy	19
2320743156	21. Befuddlement	to confuse, as with glib statements or arguments	20
2320743157	22. Beguiles	to take away from by cheating or deceiving	21
2320743158	23. Belligerence	a warlike or aggressively hostile nature, condition, or attitude, an act of carrying on war; warfare	22
2320743159	24. Benevolent	characterized by or expressing goodwill or kindly feelings	23
2320743160	25. Berate	to scold	24
2320743161	26. Beseech	to beg eagerly for	25
2320743162	27. Bewildered	completely puzzled or confused; perplexed	26
2320743163	28. Briar	an ericaceous shrub, having a hard woody root	27
2320743164	29. Buoyant	capable of keeping a body afloat, as a liquid	28
2320743165	30. Camaraderie	comradeship; good-fellowship.	29
2320743166	31. Cipher	something of no value or importance	30
2320743167	32. Conflagration	a destructive fire, usually an extensive one	31
2320743168	33. Conjecture	an opinion or theory so formed or expressed; guess; speculation	32
2320743169	34. Conjuration	the act of calling on or invoking a sacred name	33
2320743170	35. Covetous	inordinately or wrongly desirous of wealth or possessions; greedy	34
2320743171	36. Craven	cowardly; contemptibly timid; pusillanimous	35
2320743172	37. Cuckold	the husband of an unfaithful wife	36
2320743173	38. Culpability	guilt or blame that is deserved	37
2320743174	39. Cupidity	eager or excessive desire, especially to possess something; greed; avarice	38
2320743175	40. Decorum	dignified propriety of behavior, speech, dress	39
2320743176	41. Deity	Divine character or nature, especially that of the Supreme Being; divinity	40
2320743177	42. Deride	to laugh at in scorn or contempt	41
2320743178	43. Deriding	to laugh at in scorn or contempt; scoff or jeer at; mock.	42
2320743179	44. Despondent	feeling or showing profound hopelessness, dejection, discouragement, or gloom	43
2320743180	45. Despondent	feeling or showing profound hopelessness, dejection, discouragement, or gloom	44
2320743181	46. Despotic	a king or other ruler with absolute, unlimited power; autocrat.	45
2320743182	47. Dirge	funeral song or tune, or one expressing mourning in commemoration of the dead	46
2320743183	48. Discordant	being at variance; disagreeing; incongruous	47
2320743184	49. Dispel	to drive off in various directions; disperse; dissipate	48
2320743185	50. Dolorous	full of, expressing, or causing pain or sorrow; grievous; mournful	49
2320743186	51. Duplicity	deceitfulness in speech or conduct	50
2320743187	52. Dwindling	to become smaller and smaller; shrink; waste away	51
2320743188	53. Elusiveness	eluding or failing to allow for or accommodate a clear perception or complete mental grasp; hard to express or define	52
2320743189	54. Embittered	to make bitter; cause to feel bitterness	53
2320743190	55. Emphatic	the psychological identification with the feelings, thoughts, or attitudes of others	54
2320743191	56. Epiphany	a sudden, intuitive perception of or insight into the reality or essential meaning of something	55
2320743192	57. Euphemism	the substitution of a mild, indirect, or vague expression for one thought to be offensive, harsh, or blunt	56
2320743193	58. Exculpate	to clear from a charge of guilt or fault; free from blame; vindicate	57
2320743194	59. Extant	in existence; still existing; not destroyed or lost	58
2320743195	60. Facet	a similar surface cut on a fragment of rock by the action of water, windblown sand	59
2320743196	61. Falter	to speak hesitatingly or brokenly	60
2320743197	62. Fastidious	hard to please	61
2320743198	63. Faulty parallelism	agreement in direction, tendency, or character	62
2320743199	64. Fealty	fidelity; faithfulness	63
2320743200	65. Finitude	to be in a measureable state	64
2320743201	66. Foment	to instigate or foster; promote the growth or development of	65
2320743202	67. Foolhardy	recklessly or thoughtlessly bold; foolishly rash or venturesome	66
2320743203	68. Fractious	readily angered; peevish; irritable; quarrelsome	67
2320743204	69. Futile	incapable of producing any result	68
2320743205	70. Gaunt	extremely thin and bony; haggard and drawn, as from great hunger, weariness, or torture; emaciated.	69
2320743206	71. Gridiron	a utensil consisting of parallel metal bars on which to broil meat or other food.	70
2320743207	72. Guerdon	a reward, recompense, or requital	71
2320743208	73. Hare	any rodentlike mammal of the genus Lepus	72
2320743209	74. Hedgerows	a row of bushes or trees forming a hedge	73
2320743210	75. Hefted	weight; heaviness	74
2320743211	76. Hubris	excessive pride or self-confidence; arrogance	75
2320743212	77. Idiosyncratic	something peculiar to an individual	76
2320743213	78. Idolatry	religious worship of idols	77
2320743214	79. Impede	to retard in movement or progress by means of obstacles or hindrances; obstruct; hinder	78
2320743215	80. Imperatives	of the nature of or expressing a command; commanding	79
2320743216	81. Impertinent	intrusive or presumptuous, as persons or their actions	80
2320743217	82. Imploration	to beg urgently or piteously, as for aid or mercy	81
2320743218	83. Inarticulate	lacking the ability to express oneself, especially in clear and effective speech	82
2320743219	84. Incertitude	uncertainty or doubtfulness	83
2320743220	85. Incipient	beginning to exist or appear	84
2320743221	86. Indelible	making marks that cannot be erased, removed	85
2320743222	87. Ineffable	incapable of being expressed or described in words	86
2320743223	88. Iniquity	a violation of right or duty; wicked act; sin	87
2320743224	89. Invasive	characterized by or involving invasion	88
2320743225	90. Jocular	given to, characterized by, intended for, or suited to joking or jesting; waggish; facetious	89
2320743226	91. Kinsman	a blood relative, especially a male	90
2320743227	92. Locale	the scene or setting, as of a novel, play, or motion picture	91
2320743228	93. Maudlin	tearfully or weakly emotional; foolishly sentimental	92
2320743229	94. Melioration	semantic change in a word to a more approved or more respectable meaning	93
2320743230	95. Metonymy	a figure of speech that consists of the use of the name of one object or concept for that of another to which it is related	94
2320743231	96. Metonymy	a figure of speech that consists of the use of the name of one object or concept for that of another to which it is related	95
2320743232	97. Misnomer	a misapplied or inappropriate name or designation. an error in naming a person or thing.	96
2320743233	98. Myopic	pertaining to or having myopia; nearsighted	97
2320743234	99. Noisome	offensive or disgusting, as an odor	98
2320743235	100. Noosed	a loop with a running knot, as in a snare, lasso, or hangman's halter, that tightens as the rope is pulled	99
2320743236	101. Novice	a person who is new to the circumstances, work, etc., in which he or she is placed	100
2320743237	102. Omniscient	having complete or unlimited knowledge, awareness, or understanding; perceiving all things	101
2320743238	103. Onerous	burdensome, oppressive, or troublesome; causing hardship	102
2320743239	104. Paradox	a statement or proposition that seems self-contradictory or absurd but in reality expresses a possible truth	103
2320743240	105. Parsimonious	frugal or stingy	104
2320743241	106. Pathetic Fallacy	the endowment of nature, inanimate objects, etc., with human traits and feelings, as in the smiling skies; the angry sea.	105
2320743242	107. Pathetic Fallacy	the endowment of nature, inanimate objects, etc., with human traits and feelings	106
2320743243	108. Pernicious	causing insidious harm or ruin; ruinous; injurious; hurtful	107
2320743244	109. Pester	to bother persistently with petty annoyances; trouble	108
2320743245	110. Pious	having or showing a dutiful spirit of reverence for God or an earnest wish to fulfill religious obligations	109
2320743246	111. Pragmatic	of or relating to a practical point of view or practical considerations	110
2320743247	112. Premonitory	giving premonition; serving to warn beforehand	111
2320743248	113. Privation	lack of the usual comforts or necessaries of life	112
2320743249	114. Purist	strict observance of or insistence on purity in language, style, etc.	113
2320743250	115. Query	a question; an inquiry	114
2320743251	116. Rampant	violent in action or spirit; raging; furious	115
2320743252	117. Ravenous	extremely hungry; famished; voracious	116
2320743253	118. Reiteration	to say or do again or repeatedly; repeat, often excessively	117
2320743254	119. Retched	to make efforts to vomit	118
2320743255	120. Reverberates	to rebound or recoil	119
2320743256	121. Reverie	a daydream	120
2320743257	122. Robust	strong and healthy; vigorous	121
2320743258	123. Sagacity	acuteness of mental discernment and soundness of judgment	122
2320743259	124. Sanctify	to purify or free from sin	123
2320743260	125. Sardonic	characterized by bitter or scornful derision; mocking; cynical; sneering	124
2320743261	126. Scrutiny	surveillance; close and continuous watching or guarding	125
2320743262	127. Shawl	a square, triangular, or oblong piece of wool or other material worn, especially by women	126
2320743263	128. Shroud	a cloth or sheet in which a corpse is wrapped for burial	127
2320743264	129. Solicits	to seek to influence or incite to action, especially unlawful or wrong action	128
2320743265	130. Stalwart	strongly and stoutly built; sturdy and robust	129
2320743266	131. Stigma	a mark of disgrace or infamy; a stain or reproach, as on one's reputation	130
2320743267	132. Stoic	of or relating to the school of philosophy founded by Zeno, who taught that people should be free from passion, unmoved by joy or grief, and submit without complaint to unavoidable necessity	131
2320743268	133. Subliminal	existing or operating below the threshold of consciousness	132
2320743269	134. Subliminal	existing or operating below the threshold of consciousness	133
2320743270	135. Sustenance	nourishment, means of livelihood.	134
2320743271	136. Sycophant	a self-seeking, servile flatterer; fawning parasite	135
2320743272	137. Synaesthesia	a sensation produced in one modality when a stimulus is applied to another modality, as when the hearing of a certain sound induces the visualization of a certain color	136
2320743273	138. Throes	any violent convulsion or struggle	137
2320743274	139. Traitorous	having the character of a traitor; treacherous; perfidious	138
2320743275	140. Treacherous	deceptive, untrustworthy, or unreliable	139
2320743276	141. Ubiquity	the state or capacity of being everywhere, especially at the same time; omnipresence	140
2320743277	142. Unrequited	not returned or reciprocated	141
2320743278	143. Vicissitudes	a change or variation occurring in the course of something	142
2320743279	144. Weirs	a small dam in a river or stream	143

Powered by Quizlet.com

AP Literature Vocabulary (Set- 3) Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images

2818721133	Impasse	blocked path; dilemma with no solution	0
2818722026	Indolent	Lazy, slothful	1
2818722592	Lugubrious	sorrowful; mournful; dismal	2
2818722928	Ribald	humorous in a vulgar way	3
2818723179	Adulation	High praise	4
2818723760	Censure	To criticize harshly	5
2818724382	Dissemble	(v.) to disguise or conceal, deliberately give a false impression	6
2818725515	Droll	Amusingly odd	7
2818726023	Expectorate	to spit	8
2818726270	Palpate	examine by touch	9
3726761166	Dissimulation	the act of deceiving	10
3726761932	Peremptory	Leaving no opportunity for denial or refusal	11
3726762950	Pusillanimous	cowardly	12
3726763381	Surfeit	excessive amount	13
3726764141	Allay	to lessen	14
3726764570	Capacious	Spacious	15
3726765139	Didactic	Instructive	16
3726766894	Diurnal	existing during the day	17
3726767707	Ignominious	shameful	18
3726770040	Palpitate	beat rapidly	19

Powered by Quizlet.com

AP Psych-Language and Cognition Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images

3764603708	cognition	All the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating.	0
3764604334	concept	a mental grouping of similar objects, events, ideas, or people	1
3764604341	prototype	A full-scale working model used to test a design concept by making actual observations and necessary adjustments.	2
3764606969	algorithm	A methodical, logical rule or procedure that guarantees solving a particular problem.	3
3764606970	heuristics	Mental shortcuts or "rules of thumb" that often lead to a solution (but not always).	4
3764608630	insight	a sudden and often novel realization of the solution to a problem; it contrasts with strategy-based solutions	5
3764608631	confirmation bias	a tendency to search for information that supports our preconceptions and to ignore or distort contradictory evidence	6
3764609460	fixation	According to Freud, a lingering focus of pleasure-seeking energies at an earlier psychosexual stage, in which conflicts were unresolved.	7
3764609461	mental set	a tendency to approach a problem in one particular way, often a way that has been successful in the past	8
3764610251	functional fixedness	The tendency to think of things only in terms of their usual functions; an impediment to problem solving.	9
3764610252	representative heuristic	judging the likelihood of things in terms of how well they seem to represent, or match, particular prototypes; may lead one to ignore other relevent information	10
3764611258	availability heuristic	estimating the likelihood of events based on their availability in memory; if instances come readily to mind (perhaps because of their vividness), we presume such events are common	11
3764613779	overconfidence	the tendency to be more confident than correct-to overestimate the accuracy of our beliefs and judgements	12
3764614397	framing	the way an issue is posed; how an issue is framed can significantly affect decisions and judgments.	13
3764614398	priming	The activation, often unconsciously, of certain associations, thus predisposing one's perception, memory, or response.	14
3764615274	belief bias	the tendency for one's preexisting beliefs to distort logical reasoning, sometimes by making invalid conclusions seem valid, or valid conclusions seem invalid	15
3764615801	belief perseverance	clinging to one's initial conceptions after the basis on which they were formed has been discredited	16
3764616764	artificial intelligence	a subdiscipline of computer science that attempts to simulate human thinking	17
3764617368	phonemes	In language, the smallest distinctive sound unit.	18
3764617369	morphemes	smallest unit of meaning	19
3764618967	grammar	in a language, a system of rules that enables us to communicate with and understand others	20
3764618968	semantics	Meaning of words and sentences	21
3764620158	syntax	The arrangement of words and phrases to create well-formed sentences in a language.	22
3764620172	babbling	stage of language development at about 4 months when an infant spontaneously utters nonsense sounds	23
3764621600	one word stage	the stage in speech development, from about age 1 to 2 during which a child speaks in mostly single words	24
3764622978	two word stage	Beginning about age 2, the stage in speech development during which a child speaks mostly two-word statements.	25
3764622979	telegraphic speech	early speech stage in which a child speaks like a telegram - "go car" - using mostly nouns and verbs	26
3764625520	language acquisition device	Chomsky's concept of an innate, prewired mechanism in the brain that allows children to acquire language naturally	27
3764626097	linguistic determinism	Whorf's hypothesis that language determines the way we think	28
3764626879	linguistic relativity theory	view that characteristics of language shape our thought processes but do not control it completely	29
3764627440	Bilingual	speaking two languages	30
3764627441	thinking with images, not words		31
3764628154	Broca's area	Controls language expression - an area of the frontal lobe, usually in the left hemisphere, that directs the muscle movements involved in speech.	32
3764628155	Wernicke's area	controls language reception - a brain area involved in language comprehension and expression; usually in the left temporal lobe	33
3764666385	B. F. Skinner	pioneer in operant conditioning; behavior is based on an organism's reinforcement history; worked with pigeons.	34
3764667136	Noam Chomsky	stated there is an infinite # of sentences in a language, humans have an inborn native ability to develop language	35
3764667137	Benjamin Whorf	his hypothesis is that language determines the way we think	36
3764667754	Wolfgang Kohler	came up with the idea of Gestalt	37
3764667755	Allen and Beatrix Gardner	The researchers who taught Washoe the chip how to sign	38
3764668805	Genie	A girl who was locked up for 14 years and when she was found, she had missed the critical period where she could have learned language so she could not speak and was extremely socially disabled	39

Class Notes

Social Science

Math

Science

Fine Arts

Test Prep

Textbook Notes

Members Only

Forum

Blogs

Textbook Request

AP Language - Tone Words Flashcards

AP Language Terms - part 1 Flashcards

American Government.Elections Flashcards

AP HUMAN TEST : LANGUAGE Flashcards

AP Literature - Midterm Flashcards

AP Literature Flashcards

AP Literature Flashcards

AP Literature Flashcards

AP Literature Vocabulary (Set- 3) Flashcards

AP Psych-Language and Cognition Flashcards

Pages

Need Help?

Need Notes?

About Course-Notes.Org

You are here

Pages

Need Help?

Need Notes?

About Course-Notes.Org