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Environmental Science

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Biomes

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Located south of the artic tundra in northern regions across North America, Asia, and Europe 50-60 degrees north latitude; Elevations are between 8000-10000 Plants/Animals World?s largest land biome- largest areas covering Russia and Canada Trees in Coniferous Forests: spruce, fir, cedar, hemlock, and pine The trees can withstand the intense cold and drought of winter Keep there narrow-pointed leave (needles) all year long. Plant diversity is low because few species can survive the winters when soil moisture is frozen. The trees have needles instead of leaves and cones instead of flowers, it helps them survive the cold winters The largest Coniferous forest is called the Taiga

Tropical grassland Biome Power Point

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Tropical Grasslands/ Savannas Tropical Grasslands are found between 5 and 15 degrees north and south of the Equator. They are very popular in central Africa, but are also found in Venezuela, Mexico, and India. One place in particular is Mumbai, India Average annual precipitation : 20-50 inches (Which must fall in 6-8 months of the year, with long droughts following when fires can occur. Otherwise grasslands would turn into tropical forests) Temperature: Average High-30? Celsius, Average Low- 13? Celsius In regions with high amounts of rainfall, vegetation is controlled by periodic fires (limiting factor). Three types: Climatic Savannas: Result from climatic conditions Edaphic savannas: Soil conditions that are not regularly maintianed by fires

Hydrothermal Vents

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Deep Ocean & Hydrothermal Vents Peter Brandt & Annie Nowak * What is a Hydrothermal Vent? Hydrothermal Vents: Geysers found on the seafloor which spew super-hot, mineral-rich water which supports a diverse community of organisms New Science, discovered in 1977 Iron-Sulfur World Theory: all life may have started around Hydrothermal Vents * Abiotic Factors Black Smokers Temperatures of up to 464?C No sunlight: Chemosynthesis Acidic waters, 2.8 pH Nutrient rich waters * Key Organisms of Hydrothermal Vents Giant tube worms, Huge clams, Mussels, Crabs, Anemones, Shrimps, Fish, Octopi, Snails, Limpets High heat tolerance & ability to live without sunlight Microbes ? Bacteria and Archaea, and Macrofauna Keystone species: Giant Tube Worm * Food Web * Biodiversity

Chpt 1 Study Questions

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1) The statement is relatively accurate for the number don't fluctuate intensely within those years. However, after continuous following it is clear that the carrying capacity has been reached.

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