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European History

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Scientific Revolution

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Chapter 16: The Scientific Revolution Background to the Scientific Revolution (SR) Brought dissolution of the medieval worldview Late medieval scholastic philosophers had advanced mathematical and physical thinking but subjected to strict theological framework Ancient Authors and Renaissance Artists Medieval scholars used Aristotle, Galen, and Ptolemy in Latin Renaissance humanists mastered Greek and making available new works of Galen, Ptolemy, Archimedes, Plata, and pre-Socratics Desire to discover which school of thought was correct led to rejection of the classical authorities Renaissance artists had impact on scientific study Desire to imitate nature led to accurate renderings of natural elements and anatomy Established new standards for study of natural phenomena

AP Chapter 15 outline

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Spielvogel, chapter 15 State Building?Review List Witchcraft craze?why? ?Malleus Maleficarum??handbook on witchcraft Who was accused? Why women? Impact of social conditions on the frequency of accusations? 1609?Twelve Years? Truce United Provinces Thirty Years? War (1618-1648) ?Last of the Religious Wars? Causes: France?threatened by surrounding Habsburg lands Spain?determined to regain the Netherlands Austrian Habsburgs?wanted to consolidate holdings and stamp out Protestantism Holy Roman Emperor?wanted to regain real control over the German states German princes?wanted their ?German liberties? Religion?Catholics vs Calvinists and Lutherans Protestant League?the Protestant Union Catholic League of German States Four Phases of the War

Queen Elizabeth 1 vs. King Phillip II

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notes chapter 9

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Chapter 9 notes -Black Death -all over Europe 1348-1350 -2/5ths of population dead -Hundred Years War - 1337-1453 -schism in church -1378-1417 -1409 election of 3 popes by 3 different colleges of cardinals -Turks march through Constantinople -1453 Black Death -Europe over populated and malnourished -1315-1317 crop failures in greatest famine of the middle ages -decades of problems weakened Europe leading to bubonic plague Rats or fleas on rats from ships from black sea carried plague -unknown cure -pessimism/obsession with death or dying -different reactions -attempt to find cure -sexual promiscuity -seclusion -flagellants -beat themselves for divine intervention -scared people -may have spread disease with dirty bleeding bodies

Italian Renaissance and Northern Reformation

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The Italian Renaissance and the Northern Renaissance (1450-1550) Overview/Outcomes Foundation for basic institutions of Europe Laws, language, economics Main ideas Individuality Individual achievements, a more personal approach to living; potential Worldliness Rising middle class, materialism, concern/interest in worldly affairs, secular art. Secularism Learning Scholasticism, liberal arts(philosophy, literature, poetry, science, math, history, rhetoric art, music), emphasis on education, literacy, universities, the printing press, broad, new interests. Gap forming between faith and reason Antiquity Ancient Greek and Roman lit, Roman law, Greek science, math, and philosophy, ancient architecture/design/classical form. Humanism Reform

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