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Krugman AP MacroEconomics Chapter 7

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?? Chapter 7: Supply and Demand: Changes in Equilibrium ? substitutes: if the price of good1 rises, the demand for good2 will increase if the price of good1 falls, the demand for good2 will decrease An increase in demand leads to a rise in both the equilibrium price and the equilibrium quantity. A decrease in demand leads to a fall in both the equilibrium price and the equilibrium quantity. Increase in demand: rightward shift of the demand curve market is no longer in equilibrium shortage: quantity demanded exceeds quantity supplied price rises increase in the quantity supplied upward movement along the supply curve new equilibrium When demand for a good or service increases, the equilibrium price and the equilibrium quantity of the

Chapter 6

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New France A large part of Canada and the US, ruled by the king. Louisiana A French post used to block Spain and tap into fur trading. salutary neglect The beneficially relaxed system of British colonial rule. Acadia French lands, now Nova Scotia, given to England War of Jenkin?s Ear A war fought in the Caribbean and Georgia (English/Spanish) King George?s War New Englanders fought for French Louisbourg, won, and lost it during the peace settlement (French+Spanish/American) Louisbourg A fortress won by New Englanders and returned to France Fort Duquesne A French fort in Ohio Valley captured by Washington, then recaptured by French forces. Cajun The descendants of French Acadians in Louisiana Seven Years War

Chapter 7

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Mercantilism the belief that wealth is power and measured by bullion Navigation Laws laws that restricted commerce to the bounds of the British empire salutary neglect the beneficial relaxed enforcement of the Navigation Laws John Hancock The ?King of Smugglers,? who became wealthy via smuggling George Grenville The Prime Minister, who called for the enforcement of the Navigation Laws and enacted a sugar duty. Sugar Act (1764) A high duty on sugar imported from the West Indies. Quartering Act (1765) Required certain colonies to provide food and quarters for British troops Stamp Act (1765) Tax requiring use of stamps on commercial and legal documents virtual representation

Chapter 8

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Second Continental Congress Met in the hopes that fighting would allow for the addressing of their grievances. George Washington The leader of the American army, selected by the Congress for political reasons Ticonderoga and Crown Point A store of gunpowder and artillery secured by the Americans Bunker (Breed?s) Hill A hill taken by Americans, defended mercilessly, abandoned without gunpowder Olive Branch Petition A petition adopted by America, pleading for peace and professing Crown loyalty Thomas Paine A writer who called the freedom of America from England ?common sense.? Republicanism A society where power flows from the people, not a despotic monarch Richard Henry Lee A delegate at the Philadelphia Congress who pushed for independence Thomas Jefferson

Chapter 9

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Protestant Episcopal Church The disestablished Anglican Church, reformed 1786 Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom A statute allowing for separation, to some degree, of church and state, passed by Jefferson and Baptists. republican motherhood A sentiment that found housewives responsible for cultivating good republican values in their children Massachusetts Constitution Called a special convention to draft constitution, ratified by public Empress of China A pioneering trade ship that carried ginseng to China. Articles of Confederation (1781) The product of the Congressional committee writing a constitution fundamental law superior to the transient whims of ordinary legislation loose confederation

Chapter 10

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Washington?s cabinet Set precedent, the heads of department assembled to advise the presdient Bill of Rights A list of guarantees for American freedoms, drafted by James Madison and added to the constitution as the first ten Amendments Judiciary Act (1789) Established and organized effective courts, including SCOTUS Alexander Hamilton Treasury Secretary, who aimed to assume all debts and establish BUS ?funding at par? the federal government would pay off debts at face value ?assumption? Having Congress assume state debts, bound states to federal government federal district Placing the federal district on the Potomac allowed Virginia to ?assume? Whiskey Rebellion A rebellion in PA against taxes on whiskey. Federal response was strong

Chapter 11

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Chapter 11: The Triumphs and Travails of Jeffersonian Democracy ?John Adams?s Jackasses? The new navy rallied for America?s conflict against France, which never happened Revolution of 1800 The peaceful transfer of power from the Federalists to the Democratic-Republicans Naturalization Law (1802) a law restoring the citizenship requirement of residency to the original 5 years Albert Gallatin Secretary of the Treasury, who reduced the national debt and balanced the budget Judiciary Act (1801) Created 16 federal judgeships and other judicial offices John Marshall The strongly Federalist Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, and cousin of Jefferson Marbury v. Madison A case establishing the SCOTUS?s power of judicial review (capacity to interpret Constitution)

Chapter 12

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Chapter 12: The Second War for Independence and the Upsurge of Nationalism, 1812-1824 Oliver Hazard Perry An American naval officer whose capture of British ships boosted morale Battle of the Thames An American victory by General Harrison?s army Thomas MacDonough An American who won a close battle by turning his ship about with cables Francis Scott Key An American who wrote ?Star Spangled Banner? after the defense of Baltimore Battle of New Orleans An American victory caused by British blundering against entrenched Americans Treaty of Ghent The peace treaty for the War of 1812, signed before the Battle of New Orleans. Hartford Convention A Federalist conference demanding certain concessions before fleeing after Ghent Rush-Bagot Agreement

American revolution notes

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Guerilla tactics [fight an insurgent war ? you don?t have to win a battle, just wear the British down] The Americans The British 1777, separate and control New England. Break the colonies in half by getting between the North and South. General Horatio Gates surrounds the British with the help of Benedict Arnold British defeat stopped them from cutting off New England from the rest of the country and ending the war. British lacked knowledge of geography and failed at communications. Oct. 1777, British General, John Burgoyne was surrounded by US General Horatio Gates and forced to surrender 6,000 British troops. Led to a military alliance with France providing soldiers, naval fleet and $$$$$. (Franco-American alliance, 1778) Surrender/saratoga Valley Forge

Virginia Colony Essay (Contributions)

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