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REA Chapter 8 Pages 254-271 Benito Mussolini and Italian Fascism Benito MS, named bu his Socialist blacksmith father after the Mexican rev, Benito Juarez, was born in 1883 After a brief teaching stint, he went to Switzerland to avoid military service but returned and became active in Socialist politics In 1912, he became editor of the party’s newspaper, Avanti After the outbreak of world War, he broke with the party over involvement in the war and began to espouse nationalist ideas that became the mucleus of his fascist movement Then opened his own newspaper, Popolo d’Italia (The People of Italy) to voice his ideas Drafted into military service in 1915 and badly wounded

Chapter 8 pages 227-231, 237-239, 244-250 Pg. 227-231 The Second Thirty Years' War: WWI and WWII (1890-1945) International Politics and the Coming of the War (1890-1914) The primary factors contributing to this crisis: heightened nationalism + mindless militarism The Polarization of Europe 1890. Otto von Bismarck dismissed as German chancellor by Kaiser Wilhelm II Factors that led to Bismarck's fall: renewal of the Reinsurance Treaty (1887) w/ Russia + his scheme to undermine the Soc. Dem Party (SPD) in German politics His dismissal called into question the continuining dominance of a German agenda over Euro affairs