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Photosynthesis

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AP Biology R-11 Essential Knowledge: Ch 10 Photosynthesis 10.1 Photosynthesis converts light energy to the chemical energy of food Autotrophs (producers) make their own organic molecules (food) from inorganic substances; heterotrophs (consumers) obtain their organic molecules by eating other organisms Plants are autotrophs that make their own organic molecules via photosynthesis Photosynthesis converts radiant energy (sunlight) into chemical energy (glucose) Photosynthesis occurs in the chloroplasts Leaves are the major site of photosynthesis in plants Chlorophyll is a green pigment found in the chloroplasts; it is the chlorophyll that actually absorbs the light energy Tiny pores on the underside of leaves, called stomata, are where CO2 enters and O2 exits

Cellular Respiration

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AP Biology R-11 Essential Knowledge: Ch 9 Cellular Respiration 9.1 Catabolic pathways yield energy by oxidizing organic fuels To keep working, a cell must regenerate its supply of ATP Organic Compounds + Oxygen ? Carbon Dioxide + Water + Energy C6H12O6 + 6O2 ? 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP Redox reactions involve the transfer of electrons The substance losing electrons is oxidized, the substance receiving electrons is reduced (LEO-GER or OIL RIG) The oxidizing agent is reduced; the reducing agent is oxidized During cellular respiration, glucose is oxidized to carbon dioxide, and oxygen is reduced to water Energy is released as electrons are transferred from organic compounds to oxygen (reduction releases energy); the energy is used to make ATP

Campbell 7e Chapter 17 Biology Notes

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APHG Key terms page 162

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Page 162 Vocabulary Definitions I used: Race: a constructed identity, built geographically Racism: Superiority attached to race Gender: sex of a person Identity: Marketed through cars, clothing, memberships, jewelry and houses Identifying against: first define ?other? and then define ourselves as ?not the other? Residential segregation:degree to which two or more groups live separately from one another in different parts of the urban environment. African Americans-Milwaukee Succession: New immigrants to a city often move to areas occupied by older immigrant groups. Sense of Place: infusing a place with meaning and feeling Ethnicity: people are closely bound, even related in a certain place over time Space: Social relations stretched out

Review for initial chapters test

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Page 162 Vocabulary Definitions I used: Race: a constructed identity, built geographically Racism: Superiority attached to race Gender: sex of a person Identity: Marketed through cars, clothing, memberships, jewelry and houses Identifying against: first define ?other? and then define ourselves as ?not the other? Residential segregation:degree to which two or more groups live separately from one another in different parts of the urban environment. African Americans-Milwaukee Succession: New immigrants to a city often move to areas occupied by older immigrant groups.

Expansion of Islam

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AP World History Class Notes, Bentley Brief Edition Ch 11 The Expansive Realm of Islam November 19, 2010 The religion of Islam emerged on the Arabian Peninsula in the 7 century CE as a result of the vision and th the teachings of Muhammad. His message attracted a rapidly expanding circle of devout believers, known as Muslims. After Muhammad?s death, Arab conquerors spread the word of Islam throughout a vast territory extending from the Indus River to the Iberian Peninsula within one century. This rapid expansion of Islam contributed to the development of a massive trade and communication network in which goods and ideas spread freely. The realm of Islam became one of the most prosperous and

AP World History Vocab Chapter 7

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AP World History?Chapter 7?Vocabulary List Silk Road: One of the first trade routes (land and sea) in the world, an ancient trade route between China and the Mediterranean Sea extending some 6,440 km (4,000 mi). Historical Significance: The use of these trade routes led to political, economic, religious, and social diffusion. Religions and cultures diffused through the trade route. The trade route also help spread new ideas about Christianity to far east Asia and spread ideas about mathematics and scientific knowledge. It also allowed for developing languages because they had to communicate to trade. Parthians: Parthia is a place in north east Iran. It is known for being the political and cultural base of the ?Arsacid dynasty,? who were rulers of the Parthian Empire.

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