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Botany

Plant Reproduction Notes

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Biology
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Botany
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Reproduction
Plant physiology
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Plant reproduction
Pollination
Auxin
Ovule
Plant hormone
Phototropism

Form & Function in Flowering Plants ? Reproduction: Responses Plant Reproduction: Vegetative reproduction: The process of fragmentation, whereby small pieces of the organism form a complete new organism is common in both lower plants and lower animals. As both plants and animals became more specialized they generally lost the capacity to reproduce by fragmentation. In some plants specialized structures are produced, such as buds, propagules, bulbils, gemmae and others. In flowering plants vegetative multiplication can take place via cuttings from the aerial stem, rhizome, tuber, corm, bulb, stolon, runner, leaves, or in some cases even roots. Small pieces of the structure can, through mitosis and cell

Plant Structure and Transport Notes

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Biology
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Botany
Plant anatomy
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Branches of botany
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Vascular tissue
Pericycle
Xylem
Secondary growth
Vascular cambium
Tissue
Plant stem

Form & Function in Flowering Plants ? Structure; Transport Categories: Life Spans: Annuals ? go through complete life cycle in one year or less Biennials ? go through life cycle over a two year period Perennials ? live for many years and typically reproduce yearly Classes: Monocots Dicots http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/glossary/gloss8/monocotdicot.html Plant Form and Function: Cells and Tissues: Primary growth: Apical Meristem ? transverse in position thus contributes primarily to an increase in length of the organ ? Fundamental tissues Procambium Ground meristem Protoderm Calyptrogen (only in roots) ? Primary Permanent Tissues

AP Biology Chapter 32 Assignment

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Biology
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Plant anatomy
Botany
Plant physiology
Apoplast
Symplast
Casparian strip
Root
Water
Mineral
Attachment theory
Exodermis
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#AP Biology #AP Bio #Biology #Study Guide

AP Biology Chapter 32 Assignment After reading this chapter and attending lecture, you should be able to: Trace the path of water and minerals from outside the root to the shoot system. Explain how a proton pump may affect mineral transport in plants. Describe the symplast and apoplast routes for the transit of water and minerals across the root cortex from the epidermis to the stele. Explain the function of the Casparian strip. Explain how solutes are transferred between the symplast and apoplast. Define water potential. Explain how solute concentration and pressure affects water potential.

Photosynthesis

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Biology
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Photosynthesis

AP Biology R-11 Essential Knowledge: Ch 10 Photosynthesis 10.1 Photosynthesis converts light energy to the chemical energy of food Autotrophs (producers) make their own organic molecules (food) from inorganic substances; heterotrophs (consumers) obtain their organic molecules by eating other organisms Plants are autotrophs that make their own organic molecules via photosynthesis Photosynthesis converts radiant energy (sunlight) into chemical energy (glucose) Photosynthesis occurs in the chloroplasts Leaves are the major site of photosynthesis in plants Chlorophyll is a green pigment found in the chloroplasts; it is the chlorophyll that actually absorbs the light energy Tiny pores on the underside of leaves, called stomata, are where CO2 enters and O2 exits

Plant Organs and Organ Systems

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Biology
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Tissues
Leaf
Photosynthesis
Root
Plant
Secondary growth

Plant Organs & Organ Systems --roots, stems, leaves Vascular Plant Organs -primary growth *chloroplasts in some green stems but PRIMARILY in the leaves *mitochondria- in all cells Vegetative Parts -roots, stems, leaves -for maintainance of individual, growth -somatic cells Reproductive Parts -flowers, fruits, seeds -maintainance of species *some no flowers, only spores ~PIC1 Root -anchors the plant -absorbs water and minerals -root hairs -brown, white, red, black -no green (few exceptions: orchids) -shape: cylindrical -produce hormones, some for storage ~PIC2 Root Systems ~PIC3 Radicle -first that grows out in germination -will become the primary root *2nd, 3rd, 4th.. root- ?lateral roots? ~PIC4 Patterns of Root Growth Taproot system

Energy: Photosynthesis and Respiration

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Biology
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Chemistry
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Matter
Cellular respiration
Agronomy
Botany
Photosynthesis
Plant physiology
Energy
Oxygen
Metabolism
Respiration
Technology

ENERGY Physiology Function:worklive -grows(mitosis) -reproduce(meiosis+fertilization) -metabolism(photosynthesis and respiration) -inheritance(generation) Definition of Energy 2 Laws of Energy: 1.Conservation of Energy- energy is neither created nor destroyed, only transformed(1st law) *forms of energy: solar, potential, mechanical 2.Entropy- during the transformation of energy, some energy become disordered & becomes heat(2nd law) *heat: ?disordered energy? Coupled Reactions and Chemical Bonds *?coupled?: with partner *coupled reactions= redox reactions 1.Reduction- gains electrons -creates chemical bond -stores energy in molecule -Photosynthesis(anabolic) 2.Oxidation-loses electrons

Photosynthesis

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Biology
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Chapter 10?? Photosynthesis Objectives The Process That Feeds the Biosphere ?1. Distinguish between autotrophic and heterotrophic nutrition. ?2. Distinguish between photoautotrophs and chemoautotrophs. ?3. Describe the structure of a chloroplast, listing all membranes and compartments. The Pathways of Photosynthesis ?4. Write a summary equation for photosynthesis. ?5. Explain van Niel's hypothesis and describe how it contributed to our current understanding of photosynthesis. Explain the evidence that supported his hypothesis. ?6. In general terms, explain the role of redox reactions in photosynthesis. ?7. Describe the two main stages of photosynthesis in general terms.

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