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Hydra

Chapter 1 Test Outline

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AP BIOLOGY DIGESTION/HOMEOSTASIS 75 Name: Pledge: 1. Distinguish between an incomplete and complete DS. Give an example of an organism for each. (6) Incomplete systems have one ?pouch like? cavity which serves as both the mouth and anus. There is one opening for mouth and anus. Organisms: hydra, flat worm, invertebrates With a complete system the digestive tube has two openings for the mouth and anus. As well, other sites for the different processes of digestion like the stomach and the bowels. Organisms: all other phyla: humans, animals, 2. Why are some proteolytic enzymes produced in an inactive form? (4)

Circulatory System

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The Circulatory System Types of circulation: Gastrovascular cavities- Digests and distributes nutrients throughout the body of hydras and cnidarians. Open circulatory system- Blood and interstitial fluid are separated. This fluid is called hemolymph. The heart(s) pump hemolymph into sinuses where chemical exchange occurs between hemolymph and body cells. Open circulatory systems are in insects and arthropods. Advantages of an open circulatory system are less energy costly because of their low hydrostatic pressures and need less energy to maintain because they have no blood vessels.
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