IB Chem Redox SL
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Redox
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Ap bio cell respiration1 ppt
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Cellular Respiration Harvesting Chemical Energy ATP What?s the point? The point is to make ATP! ATP Harvesting stored energy Energy is stored in organic molecules carbohydrates, fats, proteins Heterotrophs eat these organic molecules ? food digest organic molecules to get? raw materials for synthesis fuels for energy controlled release of energy ?burning? fuels in a series of step-by-step enzyme-controlled reactions Harvesting stored energy Glucose is the model catabolism of glucose to produce ATP C6H12O6 6O2 ATP 6H2O 6CO2 ? + + + CO2 + H2O + heat fuel (carbohydrates) COMBUSTION = making a lot of heat energy by burning fuels in one step RESPIRATION = making ATP (& some heat) by burning fuels in many small steps CO2 + H2O + ATP (+ heat) ATP glucose
Biology Notes
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Biology Chapter 6 notes During cellular respirations: electrons are transferred to oxygen as carbon-hydrogen bonds of gloces are broken & hydrogen-oxygen bonds of water form Glucose loses hydrogen atoms as it is converted to carbon dioxide Oxygen gains hydrogen atoms in being converted to water Redox reaction: Electron transfer requires redox reactions for electrons to lose potential energy + release energy Oxidizing glucose: NAD+, dehygrenase Electron transport chain: electrons falling from glucose to oxygen, the transfer of electrons from an organic molecule to NADH Cellular respiration: Glycolysis (cytosol): break glucose into two molecules of pyruvate net product: NADH + ATP
Redox Reactions Hints
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Redox Reaction Prediction Important Oxidizers Formed in reaction MnO4- (acid solution) Mn(II) MnO4- (basic solution) MnO2 MnO2 (acid solution) Mn(II) Cr2O7-2 (acid) Cr(III) CrO4-2 Cr(III) HNO3, conc NO2 HNO3, dilute NO H2SO4, hot conc SO2 Metallic Ions Metallous Ions Free Halogens Halide ions HClO4 Cl- Na2O2 OH- H2O2 O2 Important Reducers Formed in Reaction Halide Ions Halogens Free Metals Metal Ions Metalous Ions Metallic ions Nitrite Ions Nitrate Ions Sulfite Ions SO42- Free Halogens (dil, basic sol) Hypohalite ions Free Halogens (conc, basic sol) Halate ions C2O42- CO2
Chemistry Redox Equations
Subject:
Reduction-oxidation (redox) reactions are very important types of reactions in chemistry, whether involving inorganic, organic, or biochemical species. In a redox reaction, electrons are transferred from one atom to another. The species that is reduced gains electrons and the species that is oxidized loses electrons. The reducing agent is the species that causes reduction and is itself oxidized. The oxidizing agent is the species that causes oxidation and is itself reduced.
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