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Introduction to viruses

Viruses

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? Viruses Virus - an infectious agent made up of a core of nucleic acid and a protein coat. viruses are not cells, they are non-living does not have a nucleus, a membrane, or cellular organelles. do have organized structural parts All viruses have at least 2 parts: core of nucleic acid (DNA/RNA) capsid - protective protein coat around the core of nucleic acid. The capsid protects the nucleic acid core from its environment. Additional parts may include: an envelope is an additional protective coating usually made of lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates. spiked projections that bind to the membrane of the cell being infected. **envelopes are only found in viruses that infect animal cells (i.e. flu virus). IV. Vaccines

Campbell 9th Chapter 19 Lecture Outline

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Chapter 19 Viruses Lecture Outline Overview: A Borrowed Life ? Viruses are the simplest biological systems. ? Most viruses are little more than aggregates of nucleic acids and protein?genes in a protein coat. ? Are viruses living or nonliving? ? Viruses cannot reproduce or carry out metabolic activities outside of a host cell. ? Most virologists would probably agree that viruses are not alive but lead ?a kind of borrowed life.? ? Molecular biology was born in the laboratories of microbiologists studying viruses that infect bacteria. ? Experiments with viruses provided key evidence that genes are made of nucleic acids. ? Viruses were critical in working out most of the major steps in DNA replication, transcription, and translation.
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