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Virology

The effect of UV light on bacteriophage

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Biology
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Microbiology
Nature
Biology
Virology
Ultraviolet radiation
Bacteriophages
Myoviridae
Molecular biology
Enterobacteria phage T4
Lambda phage
EXPOSE
Ultraviolet germicidal irradiation

Introduction: A bacteriophage is a virus which infects bacteria and have been of particular interest to scientists as vectors of horizontal gene transfer as well as the drivers of bacterial evolution, including as sources of diagnostic and genetic tools and novel therapeutic agents (Clokie et al., 2011). Just as with all viruses, bacteriophages are highly specific with regards to it?s host bacterium or it may only infect one species of bacteria (Kasman and Whitten, 2018).

Bacteriophage one step growth curve

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Biology
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Bacteriophages
Microbiology
Tree of life biology)
Myoviridae
Bacteria
Virology
Enterobacteria phage T4
Lambda phage
Lytic cycle
Lysogen
Prophage
T-even bacteriophages

Introduction: Bacteriophages are viruses which are known to infect and replicate only within bacterial cells, they are also ubiquitous in the environment as well as recognised as the most abundant biological agent on earth (Kasman and Whitten, 2018). Phages are also considered as natural weapons against pathogenic bacteria (Pirnay et?al., 2011). Much like all viruses, bacteriophages are very species-specific regarding the host bacteria or may even only infect one specific strain within a species. (Kasman and Whitten, 2018).

Viruses

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Biology
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Virus
Orthomyxoviridae
Influenza
Nucleic acid
Vaccine
Introduction to viruses

? Viruses Virus - an infectious agent made up of a core of nucleic acid and a protein coat. viruses are not cells, they are non-living does not have a nucleus, a membrane, or cellular organelles. do have organized structural parts All viruses have at least 2 parts: core of nucleic acid (DNA/RNA) capsid - protective protein coat around the core of nucleic acid. The capsid protects the nucleic acid core from its environment. Additional parts may include: an envelope is an additional protective coating usually made of lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates. spiked projections that bind to the membrane of the cell being infected. **envelopes are only found in viruses that infect animal cells (i.e. flu virus). IV. Vaccines

Campbell 9th Chapter 19 Lecture Outline

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Biology
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Introduction to viruses
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#AP Biology #AP Bio #Biology #Study Guide

Chapter 19 Viruses Lecture Outline Overview: A Borrowed Life ? Viruses are the simplest biological systems. ? Most viruses are little more than aggregates of nucleic acids and protein?genes in a protein coat. ? Are viruses living or nonliving? ? Viruses cannot reproduce or carry out metabolic activities outside of a host cell. ? Most virologists would probably agree that viruses are not alive but lead ?a kind of borrowed life.? ? Molecular biology was born in the laboratories of microbiologists studying viruses that infect bacteria. ? Experiments with viruses provided key evidence that genes are made of nucleic acids. ? Viruses were critical in working out most of the major steps in DNA replication, transcription, and translation.
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