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Microbiology

The effect of UV light on bacteriophage

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Introduction: A bacteriophage is a virus which infects bacteria and have been of particular interest to scientists as vectors of horizontal gene transfer as well as the drivers of bacterial evolution, including as sources of diagnostic and genetic tools and novel therapeutic agents (Clokie et al., 2011). Just as with all viruses, bacteriophages are highly specific with regards to it?s host bacterium or it may only infect one species of bacteria (Kasman and Whitten, 2018).

Bacteriophage one step growth curve

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Introduction: Bacteriophages are viruses which are known to infect and replicate only within bacterial cells, they are also ubiquitous in the environment as well as recognised as the most abundant biological agent on earth (Kasman and Whitten, 2018). Phages are also considered as natural weapons against pathogenic bacteria (Pirnay et?al., 2011). Much like all viruses, bacteriophages are very species-specific regarding the host bacteria or may even only infect one specific strain within a species. (Kasman and Whitten, 2018).

Microbiology Chapter 5 Notes Powerpoint

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Bacteria The First Microbes 5 Looking Ahead On completing this chapter, you should be able to: Appreciate the enormous span of time for which bacteria have existed on Earth and understand their contributions to the formation of the world as we know it Summarize the various forms of known bacteria and define many of the submicroscopic structures associated with a bacterial cell Describe the process by which bacteria reproduce and grasp the significance of the frequency of bacterial replication Looking Ahead On completing this chapter, you should be able to: Identify some of the environments in which bacteria thrive and recognize the different types of cultivation techniques available for growing bacteria in the laboratory

Micriobiology Chapter 1 Outline

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? 2004 by Jones and Bartlett Publishers ?You do not really understand something unless you can explain it to your grandmother.? --Albert Einstein Course Introduction Textbook, some special features: ? Learning objectives ? Foundation Figures ? Clinical Focus Boxes ? End of chapter study outline ? Check your understanding questions and EOC study questions ? Cutting Edge Media Supplements on Tortora Textbook Website Lab exercises: In-house Manual Research Projects and Presentations First Homework (worth 4 pts.) Due Saturday 11 PM of the first week of school. ? Log on to Blackboard http://clpccd.blackboard.com and enter the Microbiology 1 class site (1 pt.) ? Go to ?Tools?, then ?Personal Information?. Make

Viruses

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? Viruses Virus - an infectious agent made up of a core of nucleic acid and a protein coat. viruses are not cells, they are non-living does not have a nucleus, a membrane, or cellular organelles. do have organized structural parts All viruses have at least 2 parts: core of nucleic acid (DNA/RNA) capsid - protective protein coat around the core of nucleic acid. The capsid protects the nucleic acid core from its environment. Additional parts may include: an envelope is an additional protective coating usually made of lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates. spiked projections that bind to the membrane of the cell being infected. **envelopes are only found in viruses that infect animal cells (i.e. flu virus). IV. Vaccines

The Black Death

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The Black Death 1347- 1351 The Famine of 1315-1317 By 1300 Europeans were farming almost all the land the could cultivate A population crisis developed Climate changes in Europe produced three years of crop failures between 1315-17 because of excessive rain. As many as 15% of the peasants in some English villages died. One consequence of starvation & poverty was susceptibility to disease. 1347: Plague Reaches Constantinople! The Symptoms Bulbous Septicemic Form: almost 100% mortality rate The Disease Cycle Flea drinks rat blood that carries the bacteria Bacteria multiply in flea?s guy Flea?s guy clogged with bacteria Flea bites human and regurgitates blood into human wound Human is infected! Boccaccio in The Decameron

Microbiology Unknown Lab Final

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Final Unknowns #A90 & #B65: November 28, 2011: 1. Broth tubes selected containing final Gram-positive and Gram-negative unknown microorganisms. 2. Two TSA plates were streaked for isolation and placed inverted in the incubator at 37^C for 48 hours. Original Broth Tubes TSA plates before incubation November 30, 2011: 3. Unknown Colony Observations: Unknown Colony Morphology Observations #A90 #B65 Circular, entire, flat or slightly raised, whitish, good growth on TSA; 1-2mm diameter. Circular, entire, flat, colorless to very slightly white, fair growth on TSA; 0.5-5mm diameter. Lab Final Unknowns 1 4. The Gram stain was completed for each unknown. 5. Unknown Cellular Observations: Unknown Results Cellular Observations #A90 Gram-positive #B65 Gram-negative

Chapter 27: Bacteria and Archaea (9th Edition)

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CAMPBELL BIOLOGY, AP* 9th EDITION Chapter 27: Bacteria and Archaea 27.1 first organisms were likely prokaryotes unicellular variety of shapes - spherical, rod-shaped, and spiral well-organized the cell wall keeps it from bursting in a hypotonic solution and supports structure in hypertonic solutions, they shrink away from walls/plasmolyze contain peptidoglycan - polymer made of modified sugars crosslinked by short polypeptides. Archaea lack peptidoglycan but bacteria have it. Using the a technique called the Gram stain, scientists classify bacterial species into two ?groups based on cell wall composition Gram positive - simpler walls and a large amount of peptidoglycan Gram negative - less peptidoglycan and more structurally complex. Has an outer lipopolysaccharide membrane

Chapter 12 Notes

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Biology 240 SI Session #10 Chapter 12 SI Leader: Lauren Curtis Email: [email protected] Prokaryotes: Describe the process of 'binary fission' : Binary fission is the process by which a prokaryotic cell cell reproduces asexually by dividing in half. This does not include mitosis in prokaryotes, but a process all in it's own. The cell duplicates it's DNA, doubling in size, and then splits into two daughter cells. Here are some terms you need to be familiar with in regards to cell division... Chromatin: A DNA-protein complex, represents DNA in it's unfolded and non condensed form. Chromosomes: Represents DNA folded and condensed down as the cell gets ready to divide. It organizes the DNA in a way where parts won't get lost when the cell splits in half.

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