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Food web

Living Environment - Ecology Review

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Environmental Science
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Biology
Nature
Ecology
Soil biology
Systems ecology
Aquatic ecology
Biogeochemical cycle
Ecosystem
Autotroph
Food web
Biotic component
Heterotroph

The Living Environment The study of organisms and their interactions with the environment. Topics Unit 1: Ecology Unit 2: The Cell Unit 3: Genetics Unit 4: History of Biological Diversity Unit 5: The Human Body Unit 1: Ecology Principles of Ecology Communities, Biomes, and Ecosystems Population Ecology Biodiversity and Conservation Ecology The study of living organisms and their interaction with the environment. Biosphere The portion of Earth that supports life. Ecosystem a biological community and all of the abiotic factors that affect it. BIOTIC FACTORS ABIOTIC FACTORS Producers (plants) Atmospheric gases (air) Consumers (Herbivores/Carnivores) Water Decomposers (bacteria/fungi) Sunlight other Single-celled Organisms Rocks and other soil sediment

Living Environment- Ecology Notes

Subject: 
Biology
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Biology
Nature
Ecology
Soil biology
Systems ecology
Aquatic ecology
Biogeochemical cycle
Ecosystem
Autotroph
Food web
Biotic component
Heterotroph

The Living Environment The study of organisms and their interactions with the environment. Topics Unit 1: Ecology Unit 2: The Cell Unit 3: Genetics Unit 4: History of Biological Diversity Unit 5: The Human Body Unit 1: Ecology Principles of Ecology Communities, Biomes, and Ecosystems Population Ecology Biodiversity and Conservation Ecology The study of living organisms and their interaction with the environment. Biosphere The portion of Earth that supports life. Ecosystem a biological community and all of the abiotic factors that affect it. BIOTIC FACTORS ABIOTIC FACTORS Producers (plants) Atmospheric gases (air) Consumers (Herbivores/Carnivores) Water Decomposers (bacteria/fungi) Sunlight other Single-celled Organisms Rocks and other soil sediment

Campbell Biology 9th Edition - Ch. 55 Ecosystems

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Biology
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Ecosystems
Ecosystem
Food web
Energy flow
Nutrient cycle
Ecological pyramid
Primary production

Chapter 55: Ecosystems Ecosystems Ecosystem = sum of all the organisms living within its boundaries (biotic community) + abiotic factors with which they interact Involves two unique processes: Energy flow Chemical cycling Overview of energy & nutrient dynamics Energy Flow in an Ecosystem Energy cannot be recycled ? must be constantly supplied to an ecosystem (mostly by SUN) The autotrophs (?self feeders?) are the primary producers, and are usually photosynthetic (plants or algae). They use light energy to synthesize sugars and other organic compounds. Heterotrophs (?other feeders?) ? can?t make own food Heterotrophs are at trophic levels above the primary producers and depend on their photosynthetic output.

Campbell Biology 9th Edition - Ch.54 Community Ecology

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Biology
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Habitat
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Ecological niche
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Interspecific competition
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Food web
Niche differentiation
Mutualism

Chapter 54: Community Ecology Community = group of populations of different species living close enough to interact Interspecific interactions Can be positive (+), negative (-) or neutral (0) Includes: Competition (-/-) Predation (+/-) Herbivory (+/-) Symbiosis ? parasitism, mutualism, commensalism Facilitation (+/+ or 0/+) Interspecific competition: resources are in short supply Species interaction is -/- Competitive exclusion principle: Two species cannot coexist in a community if their niches are identical. The one with the slight reproductive advantage will eliminate the other Resource partitioning: differences in niches that enable similar species to coexist Ecological niche: the sum total of an organism?s use of abiotic/biotic resources in the environment

Campbell Biology 9th Edition Ecology Outline

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Biology
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Ecology
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Ecosystems
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Food web
Population control
Ecological succession
Terrestrial ecosystem
Plankton

AP BIOLOGY NOTES ON ECOLOGY (CHAPTERS 50 ? 55) CHAPTER 50 ? INTRODUCTION TO ECOLOGY AND THE BIOSPHERE YOU MUST KNOW: The role of abiotic factors in the formation of biomes. Features of freshwater and marine biomes Characteristics of the major terrestrial biomes NOTES: WHAT DOES ECOLOGY STUDY? Ecology ? the Study of Interactions Between Organisms and the Environment Organisms all live in complex environment that include: Abiotic components ? The nonliving components of the environment such as water, light, temperature, nutrients, soil. Biotic components ? the living components of the environment such as other organisms as foods, other resources, or predators. These environmental factors limit the geographic range (distribution) and the abundance of species.

Campbell Biology 9th Edition Ecology Notes

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Biology
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Systems ecology
Ecosystems
Aquatic ecology
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Population control
Ecological succession
Terrestrial ecosystem
Plankton

AP BIOLOGY NOTES ON ECOLOGY (CHAPTERS 50 ? 55) CHAPTER 50 ? INTRODUCTION TO ECOLOGY AND THE BIOSPHERE YOU MUST KNOW: The role of abiotic factors in the formation of biomes. Features of freshwater and marine biomes Characteristics of the major terrestrial biomes NOTES: WHAT DOES ECOLOGY STUDY? Ecology ? the Study of Interactions Between Organisms and the Environment Organisms all live in complex environment that include: Abiotic components ? The nonliving components of the environment such as water, light, temperature, nutrients, soil. Biotic components ? the living components of the environment such as other organisms as foods, other resources, or predators. These environmental factors limit the geographic range (distribution) and the abundance of species.

Ch. 54 Outline

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Biology
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Autotroph
Ecosystem
Heterotroph
Energy
Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics
Ecosystem ecology
Food web
Environment

Chapter 54 Ecosystems Lecture Outline Overview: Ecosystems, Energy, and Matter An ecosystem consists of all the organisms living in a community as well as all the abiotic factors with which they interact. The dynamics of an ecosystem involve two processes that cannot be fully described by population or community processes and phenomena: energy flow and chemical cycling. Energy enters most ecosystems in the form of sunlight. It is converted to chemical energy by autotrophs, passed to heterotrophs in the organic compounds of food, and dissipated as heat. Chemical elements are cycled among abiotic and biotic components of the ecosystem. Energy, unlike matter, cannot be recycled.
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