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Bacteriophages

Chapter 17 Bio

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Biology
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Biology
microbiology
Bacteriophages
Virology
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RNA viruses
Virus
Lytic cycle
DNA virus
Lysogenic cycle
Animal virology
Viral envelope
health

Chapter: 17 Viruses Overview: A Borrowed Life ? A virus is an infectious particle consisting of little more than genes packaged into a protein coat ? Viruses lead ?a kind of borrowed life?, existing in a shady area between life-forms and chemicals. ? Viruses called bacteriophages can infect and set in motion a genetic takeover of bacteria, such as Escherichia coli. ? A virus consists of a nucleic acid surrounded by a protein coat. ? Virus lack the metabolic machinery found in a cell, thus they can?t reproduce or carry out metabolism. Concept 17.1 A virus consist of a nucleic acid surrounded by a protein coat ? Virus smaller than a ribosome and even the largest virus is barely visible under light Microscope ? Some viruses can be crystalized

Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria

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Transduction
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Virus
Prophage
Plasmid
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Chapter 18: Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria Concept 18.2 is not required knowledge for the AP Exam and has been intentionally omitted. Overview: Microbial Model Systems viruses called bacteriophages can infect and set in motion a genetic takeover of bacteria E. coli and its viruses are called model systems because of their frequent use by researches in studies that reveal broad biological principles beyond their value as model systems, viruses and bacteria have unique genetic mechanisms that are interesting in their own right bacteria are prokaryotes with cells much smaller and more simply organized than those of eukaryotes viruses are smaller and simpler still Concept 18.1: A virus has a genome but can reproduce only within a host cell

Virus, Bacteria, and Archaea Notes

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18.1: Viruses and Bacteria Viruses What is a Virus? Virus: composed of nucleic acids enclosed in a protein coat and are smaller than the smallest bacterium Biologists consider viruses to be nonliving because viruses are not cells. Viruses do not carry out respiration, grow or develop. Viruses can only multiply when they are inside a living cell. Host cell: cell in which a virus replicates Almost all viruses are parasites because they destroy the cells in which they multiply. Viruses can infect the organisms of all six kingdoms. Because viruses are not alive, scientists do not use binomial nomenclature to name them.

AP Biology Chapter 19 Notes Campbell/Reece

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Provirus
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Orthomyxoviridae
health

AP Biology ? Chapter 19 Viruses ? Overview: A Borrowed Life ? Viruses:???????? Basically just genes packaged in protein coats. ??????????????????????? They lack the structures and metabolic machinery found in cells ? ? Are viruses living or nonlinving? -??????????? They cannot reproduce or carry out metabolic activities outside of a host cell ? so they are kind of between living and non-living (hence ?A borrowed life?. ? ? A lot of what we know about molecular biology comes from the study of viruses ? a lot of the information about genes and nucleic acids. ? ??????????? The ability to manipulate genes and transfer them comes from the study of viruses ??????????? Viruses are used as the agents of gene transfer in gene therapy. ? ? ? ?

Chapter 19 Viruses

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Caudovirales
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Provirus
Prophage
RNA virus
health

Viruses Chapter 19 Wow Are they alive???? Viruses are little more than genes packed into protein coats They lack the structures and metabolic activity found in most cells But they infect a host Cause a variety of diseases And can kill So it would be better to say they are in a nebulous state Not alive, not dead But instead living a borrowed life Structure Unlike bacteria Viruses cannot be cultured in media They need a host Not just nutrients The first isolated virus Was Tobacco Mosaic Virus Many viruses are smaller than a ribosome Millions can fit on a pin head Many viruses do not have the typical genome They can have double stranded DNA Single stranded DNA Single stranded RNA Double stranded RNA Can be called a DNA or RNA virus Depending on what it has
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