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Substrate

Enzymes

Subject: 
Biology
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Catalysis
metabolism
Chemical kinetics
Chemical reactions
Enzyme
Product
Substrate
Activation
Regulatory enzyme
Enzyme catalysis

Enzymes Proteins- Enzymes belong to the macromolecule group of proteins and can be described as a specialized type of protein. Enzymes are considered the catalysts of life (catalysts=agents that speed up chemical reactions) - Enzymes are named by what they are acting upon and replacing the ending with ?ase? Ex= cellulose to cellulase Enzymes assist in the process of metabolism= the many chemical reactions that occur in organisms. Many chemical reactions would not occur without enzymes because the molecules in cells would simply not house enough energy/contain enough heat, to begin a reaction and carry it out quick enough. An enzymes job is to lower the activation energy needed in a chemical process and to finish by completing it.

biology in focus chapter 6 (AP)

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Biology
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metabolism
Catalysis
cellular respiration
Chemical reactions
Purines
Enzyme
Adenosine triphosphate
Metabolic pathway
energy
Endergonic reaction
Product
Substrate

Chapter 6 An Introduction to Metabolism Forms of Energy Energy is the ability to do work or cause change Kinetic energy is the energy of motion Thermal energy is associated with the movement of atoms/molecules Heat is the transfer of thermal energy from one object to another Potential energy is the energy possessed by matter due to its location or structure Chemical energy is a type of potential energy Thermodynamics Thermodynamics is the study of energy transformations The First Law of Thermodynamics Energy can be transferred and/or transformed, but neither created nor destroyed The Second Law of Thermodynamics Energy transformations favor a more disorderly state, increasing entropy Entropy Entropy is a measure of the disorder, or randomness, of a system

Raven Biology Vocabulary Chapter 6

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Biology
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Catalysis
Enzymes
metabolism
Enzyme kinetics
Proteins
Allosteric regulation
Enzyme
Active site
Allosteric enzyme
Substrate
Enzyme inhibitor
Non-competitive inhibition

Name____________________________ Biology Vocabulary Definitions Block______ Vocabulary For Unit ________________________________ Word Textbook Definition Your Definition Visual Image First Law of Thermodynamics Energy can be transferred and transformed, but it cannot be created or destroyed. Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only changed. Second Law of Thermodynamics Every energy transfer or transformation increases the entropy of the universe. The universe becomes more disorganized over time. Enthalpy The heat content of a system at constant pressure. Measure of heat content in an organism. Enzyme-Substrate Complex A temporary complex formed when an enzyme binds to its substrate molecule(s).

how enzymes function

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Biology
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Catalysis
metabolism
Enzymes
Chemical kinetics
Chemical reactions
Enzyme kinetics
Enzyme inhibitor
Enzyme
Non-competitive inhibition
Substrate
Product
Active site

Enzyme catalysis 1 ENZYME CATALYSIS By (Student?s Name) Course Instructor Institution City, State Date One of the primary tasks of a protein is to act as an enzyme. Fundamentally, Enzymes are organic catalysts that speed up the rate of virtually all biochemical reactions that occur in a cell. Ordinarily, cellular chemical reactions proceed so gradually that they would not occur under normal organism?s conditions of temperature and pressure (Enzyme Catalysis, 2015). Concisely, enzymatically catalyzed reactions involve the provision of an alternative route alongside stabilizing intermediates. In turn, this causes a reduction in the energy required to reach the highest energy transition state of the reaction as shown below (Enzyme Catalysis, 2015).

AP Bio Lab 13

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Biology
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Catalysis
Enzyme
catalase
Substrate
Active site
Chemical reaction
Enzyme assay
Enzyme inhibitor

AP Lab #13 Enzyme Activity August 28, 2014 Sarah Shafik PURPOSE: Background: Enzymes are proteins that speed up the rate of a chemical formula. They lower a reaction?s activation energy, and are not consumed by the reaction either. Hypothesis: If the enzyme concentration decreases, then the enzyme activity will also decrease. If the substrate concentration decreases, then the enzyme activity will also decrease. If the pH increases, then the enzyme activity will also increase. If the temperature increases, then the enzyme activity will also increase. Key Terms Definitions: Enzymes: a macromolecule serving as a catalyst Catalase: a common?enzyme?found in nearly all living organisms
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