AP Notes, Outlines, Study Guides, Vocabulary, Practice Exams and more!

metabolism

Photosynthesis

Subject: 
Biology
Rating: 
0
No votes yet
Tags: 
Photosynthesis
Plant physiology
Biological processes
metabolism
Ecosystems
Carbon dioxide
Carbohydrate
Oxygen
Chloroplast

Student Worksheet?Biology Strand: Molecules and Cells Name___________________________ Date__________________ School_________________ Student?please print this worksheet and complete it as you interact with the tutorial. The completed worksheet should be turned in to your assigned teacher. Tutorial: The Source of Oxygen produced by Photosynthesis Site: http://bcs.whfreeman.com/thelifewire/content/chp08/0802001.html Read the introduction and answer questions 1-4. Chloroplasts use ______________________ energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into carbohydrates. A by-product of photosynthesis is ____________________ that is released into the atmosphere.

Cell Respiration Vocab

Subject: 
Biology
Rating: 
0
No votes yet
Tags: 
cellular respiration
metabolism
Metabolic pathways
Exercise physiology
Integral membrane proteins
Adenosine triphosphate
Oxidative phosphorylation
Glycolysis
Electron transport chain
Citric acid cycle
Glucose
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide

Cell Respiration Vocab Acetyl Coenzyme A??-? A small molecule that carries acetyl functional groups in cells. Composed of an acetyl group attached to a coenzyme A molecule. The starting product of the citric acid cycle. Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)??-? The molecule from which cells derive energy. Comprised of an adenosine molecule bonded to three phosphates, each phosphate bond contains energy, especially the third bond. By breaking that one bond and reducing ATP to adenosine?diphosphate (ADP), the cell can get the energy to carry out its various processes. Aerobic respiration??-? A metabolic process involving oxygen in the breakdown of glucose.

Campbell's Biology 9 Edition Chapter 8 Outline

Subject: 
Biology
Rating: 
0
No votes yet
Tags: 
metabolism
cellular respiration
Catalysis
Coenzymes
Nucleotides
Enzyme
Adenosine triphosphate
Chemical reaction
Metabolic pathway
Glucose
Cofactor
Enzyme inhibitor

Ch.8 Notes Date Notes Questions 10/12/15 To types of metabolic pathways Catabolic pathways (breaking down, breaking down energy) Anabolic pathways (storing energy, build up) Pathways can be complex and have multiple steps Pathways are the chemical reactions Ex pathways a->b->c-> (a, b and c are chemicals) Living organisms are chemical computers Design like circuit boards Some people working on DNA based computer Also there are works on neuro networks Organisms always share chemicals with everyone Prokaryotes have a much simpler pathways than eukaryotes Metabolic theory that there is a mathematical formula that can explain the interaction of organisms. Energy cannot be created or destroyed Sunlight->Glucose->ATP->Heat Glucose more desired because easiest way to get ATP

Campbell's Biology 9 Edition Chapter 9 Outline

Subject: 
Biology
Rating: 
0
No votes yet
Tags: 
cellular respiration
metabolism
Nucleotides
Coenzymes
neurotransmitters
Glycolysis
Adenosine triphosphate
Substrate-level phosphorylation
Chemiosmosis
Oxidative phosphorylation
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
mitochondrion

Ch. 9 Notes Energy flows through systems not recyclable Matter recyclable Cellular respiration: Require ATP to be done Energy used to make ADP to ATP from glucose ATP modified RNA nucleotide A lot of APT necessary to do the smallest of tasks If ATP stopped being made we could only live 4 seconds Mitochondria make the ATP in plants and animals Chloroplasts convert sunlight into organic molecules to be used Glucose + 6 Oxygen -> 6 Carbon Dioxide + Water + ATP Oxidation and reduction has to do with 90% of ATP being produced NAD+ + H+ + 2e- = NADH Instrumental in the production of ATP More NADH the more ATP will be produced 2 different mechanisms contribute to ATP production Substrate level Phosphorylation: Chemiosmosis (Oxidative Phosphorylation):

The Citric Acid Cycle

Subject: 
Biology
Rating: 
0
No votes yet
Tags: 
cellular respiration
metabolism
biochemistry
Metabolic pathways
Nucleotides
Citric acid cycle
Dehydrogenase
Acetyl-CoA
Oxaloacetic acid
Oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex
Glycolysis
Succinyl coenzyme A synthetase

The Citric Acid Cycle Acetyl Coenzyme A??-? A small molecule that carries acetyl functional groups in cells. Composed of an acetyl group attached to a coenzyme A molecule. The starting product of the citric acid cycle. Acontinase??-? The citric acid cycle enzyme responsible for catalyzing the reaction that converts citric acid to isocitrate with the release of water. Adenisine Triphosphate (ATP)??-? The molecule from which cells derive energy. Comprised of an adenisine molecule bonded to three phosphates, each phosphate bond contains energy, especially the third bond. By breaking that one bond and reducing ATP to adenisine?diphosphate (ADP), the cell can get the energy to carry out its various processes.

Glycolysis Notes

Subject: 
Biology
Rating: 
0
No votes yet
Tags: 
cellular respiration
Photosynthesis
Organophosphates
metabolism
Fermentation
Glycolysis
Ethanol fermentation
Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate
Adenosine triphosphate
Lactate dehydrogenase
Tumor hypoxia
Fructose

Glycolysis Adenisine Triphosphate (ATP)??-? The molecule from which cells derive energy. Comprised of an adenisine molecule bonded to three phosphates, each phosphate bond contains energy, especially the third bond. By breaking that one bond and reducing ATP to adenisine?diphosphate (ADP), the cell can get the energy to carry out its various processes. Alcohol dehydrogenase??-? The glycolytic enzyme responsible for catalyzing the reaction that converts acetaldehyde to ethanol in the alcoholic fermentation of pyruvate. Alcoholic fermentation??-? The process that converts pyruvate to carbon dioxide and ethanol that takes place in yeast under anaerobic conditions.

AP bio exam review

Subject: 
Biology
Rating: 
0
No votes yet
Tags: 
Molecular biology
cellular respiration
cell
Adenosine triphosphate
metabolism
Gene expression
Transcription
mitochondrion
Translation
DNA Replication
Chloroplast
organelle

Page 1 AP Biology: 2013 Exam Review AP BIOLOGY EXAM REVIEW GUIDE ?The price of success is hard work, dedication to the job at hand, and the determination that whether we win or lose, we have applied the best of ourselves to the task at hand.? Page 2 AP Biology: 2013 Exam Review CONCEPT 1 - BIOCHEMISTRY 1. CHNOPS- most common elements in all living matter 2. Bonds- ionic (transfer electrons), covalent (sharing- polar/unequal sharing and non-polar/equal sharing), hydrogen (weak bonds between hydrogen and negatively charged items), hydrophobic interactions (how non-polar compounds congregate together- lipids) 3. pH a. acid-base/ 0-14, # of H ions determines scale; logarithmic- pH 3 = 10-3 = 1/1000

Enzymes

Subject: 
Biology
Rating: 
0
No votes yet
Tags: 
Catalysis
metabolism
Chemical kinetics
Chemical reactions
Enzyme
Product
Substrate
Activation
Regulatory enzyme
Enzyme catalysis

Enzymes Proteins- Enzymes belong to the macromolecule group of proteins and can be described as a specialized type of protein. Enzymes are considered the catalysts of life (catalysts=agents that speed up chemical reactions) - Enzymes are named by what they are acting upon and replacing the ending with ?ase? Ex= cellulose to cellulase Enzymes assist in the process of metabolism= the many chemical reactions that occur in organisms. Many chemical reactions would not occur without enzymes because the molecules in cells would simply not house enough energy/contain enough heat, to begin a reaction and carry it out quick enough. An enzymes job is to lower the activation energy needed in a chemical process and to finish by completing it.

Cellular Respiration

Subject: 
Biology
Rating: 
0
No votes yet
Tags: 
cellular respiration
Electron transport chain
Adenosine triphosphate
Carbohydrate catabolism
Glycolysis
Citric acid cycle
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
metabolism
Bioenergetic systems
redox
mitochondrion
Cofactor

Cellular Respiration Cellular respiration can be described as a chemical process that breaks bonds in food molecules or transforms chemical energy from organic molecules into ATP. - Only 40% of food energy is extracted and used for cellular work where the other 60% leaves in the form of heat energy ATP= Provides chemical energy for cellular work/processes in the cell. Structure= Composed of complex organic molecule called adenosine with a tail of three phosphate groups and a ribose sugar- pentose (ADP+P=ATP) (ADP is a diphosphate with an adenosine) ATP is recycled from ADP and phosphate through cellular respiration, ADP and P are connected to create ATP to be used for cell processes, ATP is used for cellular work and ADP and P are extracted from food molecules to create ATP again.

Anaerobic Respiration

Subject: 
Biology
Rating: 
0
No votes yet
Tags: 
metabolism
Fermentation
cellular respiration
Metabolic pathways
Anaerobic digestion
Glycolysis
Ethanol fermentation
Anaerobic respiration
Adenosine triphosphate
Lactic acid fermentation
Carbon dioxide
Stoma

Anaerobic Respiration Anaerobic respiration is the process in which a glucose is split into two pyruvates and then transferred to lactic acid or ethyl alcohol depending on the environment, does not use oxygen Anaerobic respiration occurs in the cytoplasm, outside of the mitochondria Lactic Acid Fermentation: Occurs at the time of strenuous activity or exercise to make two additional ATP on top of regular aerobic respiration that produces 38 ATP - Takes place in muscles, or with food products such as yogurt, cheese Does not use oxygen because there is enough oxygen for aerobic respiration however oxygen is now being pumped to the heart so it is not available for anaerobic respiration.

Pages

Subscribe to RSS - metabolism

Need Help?

We hope your visit has been a productive one. If you're having any problems, or would like to give some feedback, we'd love to hear from you.

For general help, questions, and suggestions, try our dedicated support forums.

If you need to contact the Course-Notes.Org web experience team, please use our contact form.

Need Notes?

While we strive to provide the most comprehensive notes for as many high school textbooks as possible, there are certainly going to be some that we miss. Drop us a note and let us know which textbooks you need. Be sure to include which edition of the textbook you are using! If we see enough demand, we'll do whatever we can to get those notes up on the site for you!