AP Notes, Outlines, Study Guides, Vocabulary, Practice Exams and more!

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide

Cell Respiration Vocab

Subject: 
Biology
Rating: 
0
No votes yet
Tags: 
cellular respiration
metabolism
Metabolic pathways
Exercise physiology
Integral membrane proteins
Adenosine triphosphate
Oxidative phosphorylation
Glycolysis
Electron transport chain
Citric acid cycle
Glucose
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide

Cell Respiration Vocab Acetyl Coenzyme A??-? A small molecule that carries acetyl functional groups in cells. Composed of an acetyl group attached to a coenzyme A molecule. The starting product of the citric acid cycle. Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)??-? The molecule from which cells derive energy. Comprised of an adenosine molecule bonded to three phosphates, each phosphate bond contains energy, especially the third bond. By breaking that one bond and reducing ATP to adenosine?diphosphate (ADP), the cell can get the energy to carry out its various processes. Aerobic respiration??-? A metabolic process involving oxygen in the breakdown of glucose.

Campbell's Biology 9 Edition Chapter 9 Outline

Subject: 
Biology
Rating: 
0
No votes yet
Tags: 
cellular respiration
metabolism
Nucleotides
Coenzymes
neurotransmitters
Glycolysis
Adenosine triphosphate
Substrate-level phosphorylation
Chemiosmosis
Oxidative phosphorylation
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
mitochondrion

Ch. 9 Notes Energy flows through systems not recyclable Matter recyclable Cellular respiration: Require ATP to be done Energy used to make ADP to ATP from glucose ATP modified RNA nucleotide A lot of APT necessary to do the smallest of tasks If ATP stopped being made we could only live 4 seconds Mitochondria make the ATP in plants and animals Chloroplasts convert sunlight into organic molecules to be used Glucose + 6 Oxygen -> 6 Carbon Dioxide + Water + ATP Oxidation and reduction has to do with 90% of ATP being produced NAD+ + H+ + 2e- = NADH Instrumental in the production of ATP More NADH the more ATP will be produced 2 different mechanisms contribute to ATP production Substrate level Phosphorylation: Chemiosmosis (Oxidative Phosphorylation):

Oxidative Phosphorylation and Electron Transport Notes

Subject: 
Biology
Rating: 
0
No votes yet
Tags: 
cellular respiration
Electron transport chain
Oxidative phosphorylation
Adenosine triphosphate
mitochondrion
ATP synthase
redox
Citric acid cycle
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
Oxygen
Electrochemical gradient
Intermembrane space

OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION AND ELECTRON TRANSPORT Adenisine Triphosphate (ATP)??-? The molecule from which cells derive energy. Comprised of an adenisine molecule bonded to three phosphates. Each phosphate bond contains energy, especially the third bond. By breaking that one bond and reducing ATP to adenisine?diphosphate (ADP), the cell can get the energy to carry out its various processes. Electron transport chain??-? Term used to describe the flow of electrons generated by the oxidation of NADH and FADH2. Responsible for establishing an electrochemical gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane that powers the synthesis of ATP in oxidative phosphorylation.

Cellular Respiration

Subject: 
Biology
Rating: 
0
No votes yet
Tags: 
cellular respiration
Electron transport chain
Adenosine triphosphate
Carbohydrate catabolism
Glycolysis
Citric acid cycle
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
metabolism
Bioenergetic systems
redox
mitochondrion
Cofactor

Cellular Respiration Cellular respiration can be described as a chemical process that breaks bonds in food molecules or transforms chemical energy from organic molecules into ATP. - Only 40% of food energy is extracted and used for cellular work where the other 60% leaves in the form of heat energy ATP= Provides chemical energy for cellular work/processes in the cell. Structure= Composed of complex organic molecule called adenosine with a tail of three phosphate groups and a ribose sugar- pentose (ADP+P=ATP) (ADP is a diphosphate with an adenosine) ATP is recycled from ADP and phosphate through cellular respiration, ADP and P are connected to create ATP to be used for cell processes, ATP is used for cellular work and ADP and P are extracted from food molecules to create ATP again.

Campbell9EdChapter9CellRespiration

Subject: 
Biology
Rating: 
0
No votes yet
Tags: 
cellular respiration
Glycolysis
Citric acid cycle
Substrate-level phosphorylation
Adenosine triphosphate
metabolism
Chemiosmosis
Oxaloacetic acid
Beta oxidation
Oxidative phosphorylation
Fermentation
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation Chapter 9 Overview: Life Is Work Living cells require energy from outside sources Some animals, such as the chimpanzee, obtain energy by eating plants, and some animals feed on other organisms that eat plants ? 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 9.1 Energy flows into an ecosystem as sunlight and leaves as heat Photosynthesis generates O2 and organic molecules, which are used in cellular respiration Cells use chemical energy stored in organic molecules to regenerate ATP, which powers work ? 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 9.2 Light energy ECOSYSTEM Photosynthesis in chloroplasts Cellular respiration in mitochondria CO2 ? H2O ? O2 Organic molecules ATP powers most cellular work ATP Heat energy

ap_bio_chap_7_cell_respiration.ppt

Subject: 
Biology
Rating: 
0
No votes yet
Tags: 
cellular respiration
Glycolysis
Substrate-level phosphorylation
Citric acid cycle
Chemiosmosis
Adenosine triphosphate
Oxidative phosphorylation
metabolism
Electron transport chain
Beta oxidation
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
Fermentation

0 7 Cellular Respiration and Fermentation Overview: Life Is Work that Requires Energy Living cells require energy from outside sources Some animals, such as the giraffe, obtain energy by eating plants, and some animals feed on other organisms that eat plants ? 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Energy flows into an ecosystem as sunlight and leaves as heat Photosynthesis generates O2 and organic molecules, which are used as fuel for cellular respiration Cells use chemical energy stored in organic molecules to regenerate ATP, which powers work ? 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Animation: Carbon Cycle Carbon Cycle Figure 7.2 Light energy ECOSYSTEM Photosynthesis in chloroplasts CO2 ? H2O Cellular respiration in mitochondria Organic molecules ? O2 ATP ATP powers most cellular work Heat

AP BIO Chapter 09

Subject: 
Biology
Rating: 
0
No votes yet
Tags: 
Biology
cellular respiration
biochemistry
Chemistry
Glycolysis
Chemiosmosis
Mitochondrial matrix
Substrate-level phosphorylation
Citric acid cycle
Oxidative phosphorylation
Electron transport chain
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide

Campbell's Biology, 9e (Reece et al.) Chapter 9 Cellular Respiration and Fermentation This is one of the most challenging chapters for students to master. Many students become overwhelmed and confused by the complexity of the pathways, with the multitude of intermediate compounds, enzymes, and processes. The vast majority of the questions in this chapter address central concepts rather than details of these pathways. Other questions have accompanying figures that provide details for reference and ask students to interpret or use these models. Overall, the emphases are on the inputs and outputs of each pathway, the relationships among these pathways, the cellular locations, redox as a central principle in respiration, and chemiosmosis. Multiple-Choice Questions

AP BIO CHP 9 CAMPBELL BIOLOGY 9e

Subject: 
Biology
Rating: 
0
No votes yet
Tags: 
Biology
cellular respiration
biochemistry
Chemistry
Glycolysis
Chemiosmosis
Mitochondrial matrix
Substrate-level phosphorylation
Citric acid cycle
Oxidative phosphorylation
Electron transport chain
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
behavior
Human development
Interpersonal relationships
Love
Psychoanalysis
Human behavior
Personal life
Attachment theory
Evolutionary biology
Technology

Campbell's Biology, 9e (Reece et al.) Chapter 9 Cellular Respiration and Fermentation This is one of the most challenging chapters for students to master. Many students become overwhelmed and confused by the complexity of the pathways, with the multitude of intermediate compounds, enzymes, and processes. The vast majority of the questions in this chapter address central concepts rather than details of these pathways. Other questions have accompanying figures that provide details for reference and ask students to interpret or use these models. Overall, the emphases are on the inputs and outputs of each pathway, the relationships among these pathways, the cellular locations, redox as a central principle in respiration, and chemiosmosis. Multiple-Choice Questions

Campbell AP Bio Study Guide Chapter 9

Subject: 
Biology
Rating: 
0
No votes yet
Tags: 
Biology
cellular respiration
biochemistry
Chemistry
Glycolysis
Chemiosmosis
Mitochondrial matrix
Substrate-level phosphorylation
Citric acid cycle
Oxidative phosphorylation
Electron transport chain
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
behavior
Human development
Interpersonal relationships
Love
Psychoanalysis
Human behavior
Attachment theory
Evolutionary biology
Personal life
Technology

Campbell's Biology, 9e (Reece et al.) Chapter 9 Cellular Respiration and Fermentation This is one of the most challenging chapters for students to master. Many students become overwhelmed and confused by the complexity of the pathways, with the multitude of intermediate compounds, enzymes, and processes. The vast majority of the questions in this chapter address central concepts rather than details of these pathways. Other questions have accompanying figures that provide details for reference and ask students to interpret or use these models. Overall, the emphases are on the inputs and outputs of each pathway, the relationships among these pathways, the cellular locations, redox as a central principle in respiration, and chemiosmosis. Multiple-Choice Questions

campbell_ap_bio_practice_test_ch9

Subject: 
Biology
Rating: 
0
No votes yet
Tags: 
Biology
cellular respiration
Chemistry
biochemistry
Glycolysis
Chemiosmosis
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
Pyruvic acid
metabolism
mitochondrion
Fermentation
Carbohydrate catabolism

Chapter?9 Cellular?Respiration:?Harvesting?Chemical?Energy Multiple-Choice?Questions 1) What?is?the?term?for?metabolic?pathways?that?release?stored?energy?by?breaking?down?complex?molecules? A) anabolic?pathways B) catabolic?pathways C) fermentation?pathways D) thermodynamic?pathways E) bioenergetic?pathways Answer: B Topic: Concept?9.1 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 2) The?molecule?that?functions?as?the?reducing?agent?(electron?donor)?in?a?redox?or?oxidation-reduction?reaction A) gains?electrons?and?gains?energy. B) loses?electrons?and?loses?energy. C) gains?electrons?and?loses?energy. D) loses?electrons?and?gains?energy. E) neither?gains?nor?loses?electrons,?but?gains?or?loses?energy. Answer: B Topic: Concept?9.1 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension

Pages

Subscribe to RSS - Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide

Need Help?

We hope your visit has been a productive one. If you're having any problems, or would like to give some feedback, we'd love to hear from you.

For general help, questions, and suggestions, try our dedicated support forums.

If you need to contact the Course-Notes.Org web experience team, please use our contact form.

Need Notes?

While we strive to provide the most comprehensive notes for as many high school textbooks as possible, there are certainly going to be some that we miss. Drop us a note and let us know which textbooks you need. Be sure to include which edition of the textbook you are using! If we see enough demand, we'll do whatever we can to get those notes up on the site for you!