AP Lang Vocab 20 Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images
| 13535277227 | Echelon | a level of authority or responsibility; a rank | 0 | |
| 13535284344 | Waive | to relinquish something voluntarily; to refrain from enforcing | 1 | |
| 13535331851 | Serendipity | a knack or faculty of making fortunate discoveries by accident | 2 | |
| 13535338280 | Nondescript | lacking individual or distinct characteristics | 3 | |
| 13535346849 | Punitive | punishing; pertaining to punishment | 4 | |
| 13535405011 | Discerning | having keen perception | 5 | |
| 13535408467 | Idyllic | simple and carefree; delightfully serene | 6 | |
| 13535416144 | Acme | the highest point | 7 | |
| 13535418770 | Soluble | easily dissolved | 8 | |
| 13535423201 | Malinger | to feign illness to avoid work | 9 | |
| 13535428468 | Cerebral | favoring intelligence over emotions or instinct | 10 | |
| 13535445054 | Hypocrisy | professing beliefs, feelings, or values that one does not have or practice | 11 | |
| 13535450914 | Conundrum | a difficult problem | 12 | |
| 13535454066 | Deleterious | having a harmful effect; injurious | 13 | |
| 13535459808 | Relegate | to place in an unfavorable place or position | 14 |
Flashcards
AP World History Chapter 29 Vocab World Between the Wars Flashcards
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| 13416483488 | Cubist movement | 20th century art style; best represented by Spanish artist Pablo Picasso; rendered familiar objects as geometrical shapes. | 0 | |
| 13416483489 | Benito Mussolini | Italian fascist leader after WWI; created first fascist government (1922-1943) based on aggressive foreign policy and new nationalist glories. | 1 | |
| 13416483490 | Fascism | political philosophy that became predominant in Italy and then Germany in the 1920s and 1930s; attacked weakness of democracy, corruption of capitalism; promised vigorous foreign and military programs; undertook state control of economy to reduce social friction. | 2 | |
| 13416483491 | Mexican Revolution | fought almost over a period of ten years from 1910; resulted in ouster of Porfirio Díaz from power; opposition forces led by Pancho Villa and Emiliano Zapata. | 3 | |
| 13416483493 | Francisco Madero | (1873-1913) moderate democratic reformer in Mexico; proposed moderate reforms in 1910; arrested by Díaz; initiated revolution against Díaz when released from prison; temporarily gained power, but removed and assassinated in 1913. | 4 | |
| 13416483496 | Victoriano Huerta | attempted to reestablish centralized dictatorship in Mexico after fall of Madero in 1913; forced from power in 1914 by Villa and Zapata. | 5 | |
| 13416483498 | Mexican Constitution of 1917 | Promised Land reform, limited foreign ownership of key resources, guaranteed the rights of workers, and placed restrictions of clerical education; marked formal end of Mexican Revolution. | 6 | |
| 13416483499 | Diego Rivera | (1886-1957) Mexican artist in the period after the Mexican Revolution; famous for murals painted on the walls of public buildings; mixed with romantic images of the Indian past with Christian symbols and Marxist ideology. | 7 | |
| 13416483500 | Jose Clemente Orozco | (1883-1949) Mexican muralist of the period after the Mexican Revolution; like Rivera, his work featured romantic images of the Indian past with Christian symbols and Marxist ideology. | 8 | |
| 13416483502 | Alexander Kerensky | (1881-1970) liberal revolutionary leader during early stages of Russian Revolution of 1917; sought development of parliamentary rule, religious freedom. | 9 | |
| 13416483503 | Red Army | military organization constructed under leadership of Leon Trotsky, Bolshevik follower of Lenin; made use of people of humble background. | 10 | |
| 13416483504 | New Economic Policy | initiated by Lenin in 1921; state continued to set basic economic policies, but efforts were now combined with individual initiative; policy allowed food production to recover. | 11 | |
| 13416483505 | Union of Soviet Socialist Republics | federal system of socialist republics established in 1923 in various ethnic regions of Russia; firmly controlled by Communist party; diminished nationalities protest under Bolsheviks; dissolved 1991. | 12 | |
| 13416483506 | Supreme Soviet | Parliament of USSR; elected by universal suffrage; actually controlled by Communist party; served to ratify party decisions. | 13 | |
| 13416483508 | Collectivization | creation of large, state-run farms rather than individual holdings; allowed more efficient control over peasants, though often lowered food production; part of Stalin's economic and political planning; often adopted in other communist regimes. | 14 | |
| 13416483510 | May Fourth Movement | resistance to Japanese encroachments in China began on this date in 1919; spawned movement of intellectuals aimed at transforming China into a liberal democracy; rejected Confucianism. | 15 | |
| 13416483512 | Mao Zedong | (1893-1976) Communist leader in revolutionary China; advocated rural reform and role of peasantry in Nationalist revolution; influenced by Li Dazhao; led Communist reaction against Guomindang purges in 1920's, culminating in Long March of 1934; seized control of mainland China by 1949; initiated Great Leap forward in 1958. | 16 | |
| 13416483513 | Guomindang | Chinese nationalist party founded by Sun Yat-sen in 1919; drew support from local warlords and Chinese criminal underworld; initially forged alliance with Communists in 1924; dominated by Chiang Kai-Shek after 1925. | 17 | |
| 13416483515 | Chiang Kai-Sek | a military officer who succeeded Sun Yat-sen as the leader of the Guomindang or Nationalist party in China in the mid-1920's; became the most powerful leader in China in the 1930's, but his Nationalist forces were defeated and driven from China by the Communists after WWII. | 18 | |
| 13416483516 | Long March | Communist escape from Hunan province during civil war with Guomindang in 1934; center of Communist power moved to Shaanxi province; firmly established Mao Zedong as head of the Communist party in China. | 19 | |
| 13416483517 | Great Depression | international economic crisis following WWI; began with collapse of American stock market in 1929; actual causes included collapse of agricultural prices in 1920s; included collapse of banking houses in the US and Western Europe, massive unemployment; contradicted optimistic assumptions of the 19th century. | 20 | |
| 13416483519 | New Deal | FDR's precursor of the modern welfare state (1933-1939); programs to combat economic depression enacted a number of social insurance measures and used government spending to stimulate the economy; increased power of the state and the state's intervention in U.S. social and economic life. | 21 | |
| 13416483520 | Totalitarian State | a new kind of government in the 20th century that exercised massive, direct control over virtually all the activities of its subjects; existed in Germany, Italy, and the Soviet Union. | 22 | |
| 13416483521 | Gestapo | secret police in Nazi Germany, known for brutal tactics. | 23 | |
| 13416483522 | Spanish Civil War | war pitting authoritarian and military leaders in Spain against republicans and leftists between 1936 and 1939; Germany and Italy supported the federalists; the Soviet Union supported the republicans; led to victory of the royalist forces. | 24 | |
| 13416483524 | Lazaro Cardenas | president of Mexico from 1934-1940; responsible for redistribution of land, primarily to create ejidos, or communal farms; also began program of primary and rural education. | 25 | |
| 13416483525 | Getuulio Vargas | elected president of Brazil in 1929; launched centralized political program by imposing federal administrators over state governments; held off coups by communists in 1935 and fascists in 1937; imposed a new constitution based on Mussolini's Italy; leaned to communists after 1949; committed suicide in 1954. | 26 | |
| 13416483526 | Juan D. Peron | military leader in Argentina who became a dominant political figure after a military coup in 1943; used position as Minister of Labor to appeal to working groups and the poor; became president in 1946; forced into exile in 1955; returned and won presidency in 1973. | 27 | |
| 13416483527 | Five Year Plans | Stalin's plans to hasten the industrialization of the USSR; constructed massive factories in metallurgy, mining and electric power; led to massive state-planned industrialization at cost of availability of consumer products. | 28 | |
| 13416533966 | Keynesianiam | taught that during times of economic downturns governments should create budget deficits. | 29 | |
| 13416553887 | Theory of Relativity | Albert Einstein's ideas about the interrelationships between time and space and between energy and matter | 30 | |
| 13416557314 | Kristallnacht | (Night of the Broken Glass) November 9, 1938, when mobs throughout Germany destroyed Jewish property and terrorized Jews. | 31 | |
| 13416561505 | The Three Principles of the People | A political philosophy developed by Sun Yat-sen as part of a philosophy to make China a free, prosperous, and powerful nation. | 32 | |
| 13416574197 | The May Fourth Movement | A 1919 protest in China against the Treaty of Versailles and foreign influence. | 33 | |
| 13416579958 | Muhammad Ali Jinnah | Indian Muslim politician who founded the state of Pakistan. A lawyer by training, he joined the All-India Muslim League in 1913. As leader of the League from the 1920s on, he negotiated with the British/INC for Muslim Political Rights | 34 | |
| 13416588354 | Good Neighbor Policy | FDR's foreign policy of promoting better relations w/Latin America by using economic influence rater than military force in the region | 35 | |
| 13416612395 | Gandhi, Mohandas K. | Usually referred to by his soubriquet "Mahatma" (Great Soul), Gandhi (1869-1948) was a political leader and the undoubted spiritual leader of the Indian drive for independence from Great Britain. | 36 | |
| 13416626067 | Mustafa Kemal | 1881 - 1938, father of modern turkey, known as (Ataturk) let Turkey through an intensive period of reform that sought to eliminate vestiges of the Ottoman past and orient Turkey even more towards the West. | 37 | |
| 13416636511 | Oswald Spengler | an obscure German high school teacher who wrote Decline of the West, said the west was about to be conquered by Asians. | 38 |
Flashcards
AP Literature Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images
| 13006225928 | obsequious | marked by a fawning attentiveness | 0 | |
| 13067346301 | flippant | frivolously disrespectful, shallow, or lacking in seriousness ; characterized by levity | 1 | |
| 13067373247 | despondent | feeling or showing profound hopelessness, dejection, discouragement, or gloom | 2 | |
| 13067389809 | parsimonious | frugal to the point of stinginess | 3 | |
| 13067398800 | melancholic | depressed | 4 | |
| 13067402805 | thoughtless | inconsiderate | 5 | |
| 13067408315 | synesthesia | the use of words to associate two or more different senses to the same image given (describe people, places, events, and emotions in terms of multiple senses) (associating two or more different senses in the same image ) ( ex; liquid birdsong ; the tactile imagery of liquid is associated with the auditory imagery of birdsong | 6 | |
| 13067437873 | oxymoron | apparently contradictory terms appear in conjunction (ex; act naturally ; deafening silence ) | 7 |
Flashcards
AP World History- Religions Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images
| 13984805705 | Polytheism | Belief in many gods |  | 0 |
| 13984805706 | Monotheism | Belief in one God | 1 | |
| 13984805707 | Animism | -They practice nature worship -They believe that everything has a spirit -They communicated with and showed respect to ancestors. -It is practiced worldwide but mostly in Africa and the Americas. | 2 | |
| 13984805708 | Shinto | A Japanese religion whose followers believe that all things in the natural world are filled with divine spirits -"Way of the Gods" -Founded around the year 500 BCE -The Emperor of Japan was considered to be divine and a direct descendant of the Sun Goddess. | 3 | |
| 13984805709 | Hinduism | A religion and philosophy developed in ancient India, characterized by a belief in reincarnation and a supreme being who takes many forms. -Polytheistic -A result of cultural diffusion between the Aryans and other native people in India. -Practiced in India -The Vedas, Upanishads, etc.. were all significant writings. | 4 | |
| 13984805710 | Brahma | The term for the Supreme God and Universal Soul in Hinduism. | 5 | |
| 13984805711 | Reincarnation | In Hinduism and Buddhism, the process by which a soul is reborn continuously until it achieves perfect understanding Basically Samsara | 6 | |
| 13984805712 | Karma | (Hinduism and Buddhism) the effects of a person's actions that determine his destiny in his next incarnation (life) | 7 | |
| 13984805713 | Dharma | Fulfilling one's duty in life | 8 | |
| 13984805714 | Caste System | A Hindu social class system that controlled every aspect of daily life | 9 | |
| 13984805715 | Judaism | -A religion with a belief in one god (Monotheistic) -It originated with Abraham and the Hebrew people. -Practiced worldwide but most Jews are in Israel. -They have 10 commandments | 10 | |
| 13984805716 | Buddhism | A religion founded in India by Siddhartha Gautama which teaches that the most important thing in life is to reach peace by ending suffering. | 11 | |
| 13984805717 | The Four Noble Truths | The core of the Buddhist teaching. There is suffering. There is a cause to suffering. There is an end to suffering. The is a path out of suffering (the Noble 8-fold path). 1. Life is full of pain and suffering 2. human desire causes this suffering 3. By putting an end to desire, humans can end suffering 4. Humans can end desire by following the Eightfold Path | 12 | |
| 13984805718 | The Eightfold Path | 1. Know that suffering is caused by desire 2. Be selfless and love all life 3. Do not lie, or speak without a cause 4. Do not kill, steal, or commit other unrighteous acts 5. Do not do things which promote evil 6. Take effort to promote righteousness 7. Be aware of your physical actions, state of mind, and emotions. 8. Learn to meditate. | 13 | |
| 13984805719 | Confucianism | A philosophy that adheres to the teachings of the Chinese philosopher Confucius. It shows the way to ensure a stable government and an orderly society in the present world and stresses a moral code of conduct. | 14 | |
| 13984805720 | Five Relationships in Confucianism: | - Ruler to ruled - Father to Son - Older brother to Younger brother - Husband to Wife - Friend to Friend | 15 | |
| 13984805721 | Taoism or Daoism | an ideology whose central theme is the Way, a philosophy teaching that eternal happiness lies in total identification with nature and deploring passion, unnecessary invention; simple life of individuals -Ying and Yang is used to illustrate the natural harmony in the world. |  | 16 |
| 13984805722 | Christianity | A monotheistic system of beliefs and practices based on the Old Testament and the teachings of Jesus as embodied in the New Testament and emphasizing the role of Jesus as savior. -Also has the Ten Commandments -Believe in the Holy Trinity Christians take part in sacraments. | 17 | |
| 13984805723 | Islam | A religion based on the teachings of the prophet Mohammed which stresses belief in one god (Allah), Paradise and Hell, and a body of law written in the Quran. Followers are called Muslims. | 18 | |
| 13984805724 | The Five Pillars of Islam | 1. Confession of Faith 2. Prayer 3. Charity 4. Fasting 5. Pilgrimage | 19 | |
| 13984805725 | Zoroastrianism | - A dualistic faith, this means they believe in two gods representing good and evil -It was very important during the Sassanid Persian Dynasty. | 20 | |
| 13984805726 | Legalism | Chinese philosophy developed by Hanfeizi; taught that humans are naturally evil and therefore need to be ruled by harsh laws | 21 |
AP US History /// Period 4 Flashcards
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| 14974396905 | Erie Canal | - financed by NY in 1817 - 364 mile waterway connecting Hudson River and Lake Erie - NYC mercantilism, NYC governor, and gentle terrain of the Albany is what helped make this happen | 0 | |
| 14974401205 | Erie Canal effect | immediate economic success - brought prosperity to the farmers of central and western NY and Great Lakes region - prompted National Canal boom | 1 | |
| 14974426121 | Robert Fulton | - american engineer who created the steamboat in 1807 and piloted it down Hudson River - improved steamboat by broadening hulls to navigate shallow waters and halved the cost of transportation of upstream | 2 | |
| 14974452601 | Robert Fulton effect | more diversity on transportation options and a much quicker transportation time | 3 | |
| 14974462672 | Eli Whitney | - built cotton gin - cotton gin was recreated and improved by others - after cotton gin, he created machines that rapidly produced interchangeable musket parts | 4 | |
| 14974512279 | Eli Whitney effect | - much more efficient way to harvest and prep cotton - sparked new technological advances across the country | 5 | |
| 14974537073 | Lowell System | labor system that recruited thousands of young women to work for Boston Manufacturing Company and provided them with lectures and boarding | 6 | |
| 14974557065 | Lowell System cause | Boston Manufacturing Co needed workers for cheap and young women wanted jobs to feel more equal | 7 | |
| 14974570530 | Lowell System effect | - the women had greater independence - women were able to earn money for their families at home - Boston Manufacturing Co could sell their textiles at a cheaper price than the British | 8 | |
| 14974602517 | Market Revolution | - drastic change in economy that included: canals, steamboats, railroads and new manufacturing that was quicker and more efficient | 9 | |
| 14974641202 | Market Revolution effect | - increased amount of products made - shortened shipping time - significant growth in economy - growth in many cities | 10 | |
| 14974667850 | American System | - economic plan: a tariff to protect and promote American Industry, national bank, and federal studies for roads, canals, and other improvements - proposed by the Whigs Party: Henry Clay, John C Calhoun, John Quincy Adams | 11 | |
| 14974709548 | Henry Clay | - "The Great Compromiser" - helped promote American system - proposed Missouri compromise - leader of Whigs party - helped negotiate Treaty of Ghent | 12 | |
| 14974746001 | Nullification Crisis | - crisis during 1832-1833 during Andrew Jackson presidency - SC said that the federal tariffs of 1828 and 1832 are unconstitutional and wanted to nullify them - John C Calhoun (VP) agrees with SC and expresses his hate of the tariffs | 13 | |
| 14974803277 | Gag Rule | - series of resolutions that regard slavery passed by the house between 1840 and 1844 which limited discussion on slavery - after John Quincy Adams presidency, he was a member of the House and fought for abolition to end the Gag Rule to help abolition movement | 14 | |
| 14974850672 | Seneca Falls Convention | - 1st Women's Rights convention to discuss social, civil and religious rights of a woman in 1848 - organized by Elizabeth Cady Staton and Quakers | 15 | |
| 14974866319 | Seneca Falls Convention effect | sparked many other Women's Rights movements | 16 | |
| 14974887680 | Transcendentalism | - movement of writers and philosophers - belief in unity of all creation and goodness of humanity - 1830-1855 - part of Romantic movement - Ralph Waldo Emerson was primary starter | 17 | |
| 14974930339 | Manifest Destiny | - name started in 1845 by John O Sullivan - territorial expansion to the West into Louisiana Purchase, Oregon Territory and TX - Indians were kicked out of land they were granted when kicked out of GA | 18 | |
| 14974961159 | Manifest Destiny result | complete Manifest Destiny of all of the current day continental US | 19 | |
| 14974970699 | Stephen Austin | - "Father of TX" and founded of TX - led 2nd and successful colonization from US to TX in 1825 - believed slavery was morally wrong but wanted them for economic reasons so he helped expand slavery | 20 | |
| 14974999685 | "54 40 or fight" | slogan used by James Polk in discussion to get entire Oregon Territory from Great Britain | 21 | |
| 14975016032 | "54 40 or fight" outcome | GB and the US split Oregon Territory at the 49th Parallel line without conflict | 22 | |
| 14975027734 | Wilmot Proviso | - unsuccessful proposal to US congress to ban slavery from territory gained from Mexico in Mexican-American War - major event leading up to civil war | 23 | |
| 14975049014 | Wilmot Proviso outcome | did not pass so slavery was allowed under the MO compromise rules | 24 | |
| 14975055681 | Compromise of 1850 | - 5 separate bills that passed by US congress in 1850 that was between free and slave states on territory gained from Mexican-American War - postponed civil war - southerners wanted slavery in new land and northerners wanted free states - President Taylor wants CA as a state and leave slavery out of congress and Henry Clay wants CA as free state, more strict slave laws, New Mexico and Utah as free territories | 25 | |
| 14975130090 | Compromise of 1850 outcome | CA as a state, NM as free territory and Fugitive Slave Act ( all free slaves if captured must return to owners) | 26 | |
| 14975148349 | Kansas-Nebraska Act | - caused by settlers wanting to settle in Nebraska territory but can't because not a slave area and they can't hold claim on land | 27 | |
| 14975167246 | Kansas-Nebraska Act effect | - allowed each territory to decide on slavery based on popular sovereignty - this violated the MO Compromise and infuriated northerners | 28 | |
| 14975180068 | Popular Sovereignty | - what was used for Kansas-Nebraska territories to decide on slavery | 29 | |
| 14975192819 | Popular Sovereignty definition | the authority of a state/territory is sustained by elected reps. elected by the people | 30 |
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