| 14209652074 | (Pure) Substance | Material with constant, distinct properties and composition. | | 0 |
| 14209652075 | Element | A substance that can't be broken down into simpler substances. | | 1 |
| 14209652076 | Compound | A substance composed of two or more elements in a fixed ratio | | 2 |
| 14209652077 | Mixture | A combination of different substances | | 3 |
| 14209652078 | Homogeneous Mixture | Uniform throughout (Appears to have only one phase throughout) | | 4 |
| 14209652079 | Heterogenous Mixture | Not uniform throughout (Has more than one phase) | | 5 |
| 14209652080 | Physical Property | Property that can be seen or measured without changing the identity of the component(s). | | 6 |
| 14209652081 | Chemical Property | Property that can only be observed by changing the material into a new substance. | | 7 |
| 14209652082 | Filtration | Separates mixtures based on differences in state or size. | | 8 |
| 14209652083 | Distillation | Separates mixtures based on differences in boiling points. | | 9 |
| 14209652084 | Chromatography | Separates mixtures based on differences in affinity. | | 10 |
| 14209652091 | Ampere | Electric Currency | | 11 |
| 14209652092 | Candela | Luminous Intensity | | 12 |
| 14209652093 | How to find Density | Mass / Volume | | 13 |
| 14209652096 | How to find Percent Error | (Experimental Value - Theoretical Value)/Theoretical Value * 100 = % Error | | 14 |
| 14209652097 | Law of Conservation of Mass | For a chemical or physical process, total mass of reactants equals total mass of products | | 15 |
| 14209652098 | Law of Constant Composition | The mass ration of elements in a compound is always the same | | 16 |
| 14209652099 | Law of Multiple Proportions | When two elements can be combined to make two different compounds, and if samples of these two are taken so the masses of one of the elements in the two compounds are the same in both samples, than the radio of the masses of the other element in those compounds will be a ratio of small whole numbers. | | 17 |
| 14209652100 | Michael Faraday | Electrical current could cause chemical reaction | | 18 |
| 14209652101 | Sir Williams Crooks | Developed cathode ray tube | | 19 |
| 14209652105 | Scientific Method | the process of studying natural phenomena, involving observations, forming laws and theories, and test of theories by experimentation | | 20 |
| 14209652106 | measurement | a quantitive observation that consists of a number and a scale | | 21 |
| 14209652107 | hypothesis | one or more assumptions put forth to explain the observed behavior of nature | | 22 |
| 14209652108 | theory | a set of assumptions put forth to explain some aspect of the observed behavior of matter | | 23 |
| 14209652109 | model | a set of assumptions put forth to explain the observed behavior of matter. The models of chemistry usually involve assumptions about the behavior of individual atoms or molecules | | 24 |
| 14209652110 | SI System | International System of Units based on the metric system and units derived from the metric system | | 25 |
| 14209652111 | mass | the quantity of matter in an object | | 26 |
| 14209652112 | weight | the force exerted on an object by gravity | | 27 |
| 14209652113 | significant figures | the certain digits and the first uncertain digit of a measurement | | 28 |
| 14209652114 | factor-label method | an equivalence statement between units used for converting from unit to another especially used in dimensional analysis | | 29 |
| 14209652115 | dimensional analysis | what is used to convert a given result from one system of units to another | | 30 |
| 14209652116 | density | a property of matter representing the mass per unit volume | | 31 |
| 14209652117 | matter | Anything that has mass and takes up space | | 32 |
| 14209652118 | homogenous mixture | mixtures that have visibly indistinguishable parts | | 33 |
| 14209652119 | heterogeneous mixture | mixtures that have visibly distinguishable parts | | 34 |
| 14209652120 | solution | a homogenous mixture | | 35 |
| 14209652121 | pure substance | a substance with constant composition | | 36 |
| 14209652122 | physical change | a change in the form of a substance, but not in its chemical composition; chemical bonds are not broken in a physical change | | 37 |
| 14209652123 | distillation | a method for separating the components of a liquid homogeneous mixture that depends on differences in the ease of vaporization (boiling point) of the components | | 38 |
| 14209652124 | chromatography | the general name for a series of methods for separating mixtures by employing a system with a mobile phase and a stationary phase | | 39 |
| 14209652125 | compound | a substance with constant composition that can be broken down into elements by chemical processes | | 40 |
| 14209652126 | chemical change | a given substance becomes a new substance or substances with different properties and different composition | | 41 |
| 14209652127 | atomic masses | sometimes called atomic weights by chemists, since mass is often determined by comparison to a standard mass—a process called weighing | | 42 |
| 14209652128 | electron | a negatively charged particle | | 43 |
| 14209652129 | nucleus | the small, dense center of positive charge in an atom | | 44 |
| 14209652130 | proton | a positively charged particle in an atomic nucleus | | 45 |
| 14209652131 | neutron | a particle in the atomic nucleus with mass virtually equal to
the proton's but with no charge | | 46 |
| 14209652132 | isotopes | atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons | | 47 |
| 14209652133 | atomic number | the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom | | 48 |
| 14209652134 | mass number | the total number of protons and neutrons in the atomic nucleus of an atom | | 49 |
| 14209652135 | chemical bond | the force or, more accurately, the energy, that holds two atoms together in a compound | | 50 |
| 14209652136 | covalent bond | a type of bonding in which electrons are shared by atoms | | 51 |
| 14209652137 | molecule | a bonded collection of two or more atoms of the same or different elements | | 52 |
| 14209652138 | chemical formula | the representation of a molecule in which the
symbols for the elements are used to indicate the types of atoms present and subscripts are used to show the relative numbers of atoms | | 53 |
| 14209652139 | structural formula | the representation of a molecule in which the relative positions of the atoms are shown and the bonds are indicated by lines | | 54 |
| 14209652140 | ion | an atom or a group of atoms that has a net positive or negative charge | | 55 |
| 14209652141 | cation | a positive ion | | 56 |
| 14209652142 | anion | a negative ion | | 57 |
| 14209652143 | ionic bond | the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions. | | 58 |
| 14209652144 | polyatomic ion | an ion containing a number of atoms | | 59 |
| 14209652145 | periodic table | a chart showing all the elements arranged in columns with similar chemical properties. | | 60 |
| 14209652146 | metal | an element that gives up electrons relatively easily and is lustrous, malleable, and a good conductor of heat and electricity | | 61 |
| 14209652147 | nonmetal | an element not exhibiting metallic characteristics. Chemically, a typical nonmetal accepts electrons from a metal | | 62 |
| 14209652148 | group (family) | a vertical column of elements having the same valence electron configuration and showing similar properties | | 63 |
| 14209652149 | period | The horizontal rows of elements in the periodic table | | 64 |
| 14209652150 | binary compounds | a two-element compound | | 65 |
| 14209652151 | chemical stoichiometry | the calculation of the quantities of material consumed and produced in chemical reactions | | 66 |
| 14209652152 | mass spectrometer | an instrument used to determine the relative masses of atoms by the deflection of their ions on a magnetic field | | 67 |
| 14209652153 | mole | the number equal to the number of carbon atoms in ex- actly 12 grams of pure 12C: Avogadro's number. One mole represents 6.022 1023 units | | 68 |
| 14209652154 | Avogadro's Number | the number of atoms in exactly 12 grams of pure 12Carbon, equal to 6.022 x 10^23 | | 69 |
| 14209652155 | molar mass | the mass in grams of one mole of molecules or formula units of a substance; also called molecular weight | | 70 |
| 14209652156 | mass percent | the percent by mass of a component of a mixture (11.1) or of a given element in a compound | | 71 |
| 14209652157 | empirical formula | the simplest whole number ratio of atoms in a compound | | 72 |
| 14209652158 | molecular formula | the exact formula of a molecule, giving the types
of atoms and the number of each type | | 73 |
| 14209652159 | chemical equation | a representation of a chemical reaction showing the relative numbers of reactant and product molecules | | 74 |
| 14209652160 | reactants | a starting substance in a chemical reaction. It appears to the left of the arrow in a chemical equation | | 75 |
| 14209652161 | products | a substance resulting from a chemical reaction. It is shown to the right of the arrow in a chemical equation | | 76 |
| 14209652162 | Mole Ratio | the ratio of moles of one substance to moles of another substance in a balanced chemical equation | | 77 |
| 14209652163 | Limiting Reactant (Reagent) | the reactant that is completely consumed when a reaction is run to completion | | 78 |
| 14209652164 | Solid | Retains a fixed shape and volume: Rigid- particles locked in space, not easily compressible: Little free space between particles, Doesn't flow easily | | 79 |
| 14209652165 | Liquid | Assumes the shape of the container that it is in: Particles can move/slide past each other, Not easily compressible: Little free space between particles, Flows easily | | 80 |
| 14209652166 | Gas/Vapor | Easy to compress: Far more space between particles, Expand to fill their containers: Particles can move past each other, and Occupy far more space that the other states of matter | | 81 |
| 14209652174 | Kelvin | The S.I. unit for temperature that equates to Celsius + 273.15. | | 82 |
| 14209652175 | Kilogram | The SI unit for Mass | | 83 |
| 14209652176 | Meter | The SI unit for Length | | 84 |
| 14209652177 | Second | The SI unit for Time | | 85 |
| 14209652178 | Mole Unit | The SI unit for the amount of a substance | | 86 |
| 14209652181 | J.J. Thomson | Determined cathode ray tube emitted electrons not negatively charged particles which helped understanding of the atom. | | 87 |
| 14209652182 | Ernest Rutherford | Gold foil experiment, discovered nucleus and that the core of an atom consisted of protons | | 88 |
| 14209652183 | Accuracy | how close a measurement is to the true value | | 89 |
| 14209652184 | Precision | how close a group of measurements are to each other | | 90 |
| 14209652186 | Atoms | Building blocks of matter | | 91 |
| 14209652187 | intensive property | a property that does not depend on the amount of matter present, such as pressure, temperature, or density | | 92 |
| 14209652188 | extensive property | a property that depends on the amount of matter in a sample | | 93 |
| 14209652189 | Temperature | A measure of the average energy of motion of the particles of a substance. It is proportional to the kinetic energy in a system. | | 94 |
| 14209652190 | percent composition | the percentage by mass of each element in a compound | | 95 |
