AP Language Terms and Techniques Flashcards
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| 14650569718 | ad hominem fallacy | a fallacy of logic in which the widespread occurrence of something is assumed to make it true or right; for example, "The Escort is the most widely sold car in the world; therefore, it must be the best." | 0 | |
| 14650573127 | alliteration | Repetition of initial consonant sounds | 1 | |
| 14650573983 | allusion | a passing reference to something or someone outside the immediate scope of the work; clarifies or explains the situation | 2 | |
| 14650574918 | ambiguous | capable of many interpretations | 3 | |
| 14650575457 | analogy | an extended comparison between two seemingly dissimilar things | 4 | |
| 14650576075 | anecdote | a short account of interesting events | 5 | |
| 14650576539 | antecedent | the noun to which a later pronoun refers | 6 | |
| 14650577733 | antithesis | in direct opposition or contrast. Used in literature to form a contrast within the structure of a sentence, as in "Give me liberty or give me death." | 7 | |
| 14650579771 | appeal to authority | citation of information from people recognized for their special knowledge of a subject for the purpose of strengthening a speaker or writer's arguments | 8 | |
| 14650582201 | asyndeton | leaving out conjunctions between words, phrases, clauses | 9 | |
| 14650583925 | begging the question | a fallacy of logical argument that assumes as true the everything that one is trying to prove; for example: 1. The Bible is the infallible word of God. 2. The Bible says that God exists. Therefore, 3. God exists. | 10 | |
| 14650587302 | colloquial expression | words and phrases used in everyday speech but avoided in formal writing and speaking | 11 | |
| 14650587965 | complex sentence | a sentence that includes one independent clause and at least one dependent clause | 12 | |
| 14650589448 | connotation | an association that a word calls to mind in addition to its dictionary/literal meaning | 13 | |
| 14650591211 | denotation | a word's objective meaning (dictionary meaning) | 14 | |
| 14650592936 | dialect | the language and/or word pronunciation specific to a region or group | 15 | |
| 14650594089 | didactic | originally used to mean any instructive rhetoric, it has taken on the pejorative meaning of dull or overly formal | 16 | |
| 14650595635 | elegiac | mournful over what has passed or been lost | 17 | |
| 14650606415 | ethos | the qualities of character, intelligence, and goodwill in an arguer that contribute to an audience's acceptance of the claim | 18 | |
| 14650607874 | euphemism | a word or phrase that takes the place of a harsh, unpleasant, or impolite reality. The use of passed away for died, and let go for fired are two examples. | 19 | |
| 14650611440 | explication | a detailed examination covering all aspects of a work | 20 | |
| 14650622394 | fallacy | an error of reasoning bsed on faulty use of eidence of incorrect inference | 21 | |
| 14650622785 | false analogy | assuming without sufficient proof that if objects or processes are similar in other ways as well | 22 | |
| 14650623586 | false dilemma | a fallacy of logical argument which is committed when too few of the available alternatives are considered, and all but one are assessed and deemed impossible or unacceptable; for example: "Are you going to college to make something of yourself, or are you going to end up being an unemployable bum like me?" | 23 | |
| 14650626059 | hasty generalizations | drawing conclusions from insufficient evidence | 24 | |
| 14650626581 | hyperbole | a deliberate exaggeration or overstatement | 25 | |
| 14650626868 | inversion | reversal of the normal order of words for emphasis or dramatic effect; often used in poetry: "Never will I yield." | 26 | |
| 14650633573 | juxtaposition | placing two unlike persons, places, or things next to each other to create an effect, reveal an attitude, or accomplish a purpose | 27 | |
| 14650635553 | meonymy | a figure of speech that substitutes something closely related for the thing actually meant. In the opening line of "The Lost Leader," Robert Browning says, "Just for a handful of silver he left us," using silver to refer to money in the form of a government grant | 28 | |
| 14650637922 | non sequitur | a statement that does not follow logically from what preceded it | 29 | |
| 14650640003 | parallelism | a sentence, paragraph, line of verse, etc., which expresses a comparison giving equal stress and weight to ideas, concepts, phrases, etc. | 30 | |
| 14650641972 | periodic sentence structure | a sentence written so that the full meaning cannot be understood until the end; for example: Across the stream, beyond the clearing, from behind the fallen tree, the lion emerged. | 31 | |
| 14650643264 | qualifier | a claim restriction that limits the claim by stating the claim may not always be true as stated | 32 | |
| 14650644215 | rhetoric | any type of eloquent, learned, effective use of language (written or spoken), especially designed to persuade | 33 | |
| 14650650286 | satire | writing that ridicules or holds up to contempt the faults of individuals or of groups. A satirist may use a sympathetic tone or an angry, bitter tone. | 34 | |
| 14650660058 | sentence patterns | the arrangement of independent and dependent clauses into known sentence constructions-such as simple, compound, complex or compound-complex | 35 | |
| 14650662572 | simple sentence | a statement containing a subject and a predicate; an independent clause | 36 | |
| 14650662898 | subordinate clause | a clause that modifies an independent clause, created by a subordinating conjunction | 37 | |
| 14650664498 | syllogism | a logical argument based on a major and a minor premise to a conclusion: All elephants are gray. Tonka is an elephant. Tonka is gray. | 38 | |
| 14650666544 | synecdoche | a figure of speech in which a part of something is used to stand for the whole. The word "wheels" refers to a car; "smokes" for cigarettes, and "keys" to a piano. | 39 | |
| 14650670693 | syntax | the pattern or arrangement of words into a coherent thought | 40 | |
| 14650670955 | tone | the writer's attitude toward the readers and toward the subject. A writer's tone may be formal or informal, friendly or distant, personal or pompous. | 41 | |
| 14650674473 | understatement | deliberately representing something as much less than it really is. Jonathon Swift wrote, "Last week I saw a woman flayed, and you will hardly believe how much it altered her appearance." | 42 | |
| 14650676252 | voice | In writing, a metaphor drawn from the spoken, encompassing the writer's tone, style, and manner | 43 |
