| 8442344116 | What is the spread of ideas and material culture, especially if these occur independently of the rise of population or movement? | diffusion | | 0 |
| 8442352938 | What was the creation of small villages surrounded by agricultural fields a result of? | neolithic revolution | | 1 |
| 8442355297 | Why is the neolithic revolution considered to be a turning point in history? | it was the start of history; more food was produced, people were able to have more leisure time and thus more time to think, and new activities and inventions were spurred from human thought | | 2 |
| 8442366893 | What is the importance of iron tools/metallurgy in history? | stronger than stone tools, used to make farming easier | | 3 |
| 8442372062 | What are the common elements that make up a civilization? | environment, culture, religion, tools, weapons, architecture, capitals, economics, specialization of labor, currency/bartering, hierarchy | | 4 |
| 8442379925 | How would the division of labor change during the neolithic times? | it became easier for people to acquire more resources than another and everyone had a fair chance at being better off and because of this some people profited more than others and became higher ranking officials | | 5 |
| 8442390969 | How does human interaction impact the environment? | in order to start a civilization, humans have to resurface their environment to fit their needs. trees are cut, mountains are flattened, air is polluted, water is dirtied | | 6 |
| 8442400021 | What were the advantages of animal domestication? | animals could be raised for food or other products, could be used to work fields | | 7 |
| 8442405460 | What is social stratification? | defining a city into classes depending on wealth, power, production, and prestige | | 8 |
| 8442410144 | What was the first region in the world to establish permanent agricultural settlements? | the fertile crescent (mesopotamia) | | 9 |
| 8442416910 | Where would early man migrate from? | east africa | | 10 |
| 8442419062 | What would reflect and reinforce existing social and political hierarchies? | law codes (like Hammurabi's law) | | 11 |
| 8442423096 | What would lead to a transition to a patriarchal society? | with the advent of agriculture, women were specialized to harvest food and take care of children while men hunted and worked the fields making them seem less important to society | | 12 |
| 8442434611 | Why is not too much known about the Harappan civilization? | the Aryans arrived 500 years after the Harappan civilization was created and effaced almost all of their culture through the invention of the caste system | | 13 |
| 8442441225 | What was the purpose of constructing a system of canals along the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers? | the canals were built to channel water into fields | | 14 |
| 8442445012 | Why was Egypt called the "gift of the Nile"? | it was called this because of its close proximity to water and the fact that the Nile deposited fertile silk at its delta that made crops grow well | | 15 |
| 8442450170 | What is the Mandate of Heaven? | the divine right to rule and overthrow | | 16 |
| 8442453286 | Why wouldn't Egypt have a similar law code to that of Mesopotamia? | they had different forms of government, Egypt was more centralized and the pharaoh had absolute power while Mesopotamia was decentralized and the city-states had their own governments | | 17 |
| 8442463102 | What was the purpose of oracle bones during the Shang Dynasty? | they were the beginning of religion in China, used as a fortune-telling device of whether or not rulers should go to war or when rains would fall | | 18 |
| 8442479481 | What evidence is there that ancient Egyptians believed in the afterlife? | pyramids contained an underground chamber where pharaohs were buried with their earthly belongings | | 19 |
| 8442487793 | What Asian philosophy was critical of Confucianism? | Daoism | | 20 |
| 8442490706 | What was the similarity between Egyptian and Mesopotamian political structure? | both were based off of a social hierarchy in which peasants were at the bottom, artisans merchants and priests in the middle, and nobles and kings at the top | | 21 |
| 8442501122 | Buddhism would spread from where to where? | originally in India to parts of central and east asia | | 22 |
| 8442509257 | What was the geographical advantage given to both Egypt and Mesopotamia? | both civilizations were near rivers with fertile soil and natural grains to be grown | | 23 |
| 8442513132 | What are major factors in the centralization of the Han Dynasty? | -expansion of territory
-contact with Parthian Empire
-trade with Roman Empire
-Wu Ti embracing peace
-emphasis on Confucian values | | 24 |
| 8442523919 | What are several examples of monumental architecture that promoted unification of civilizations? | pyramids, ziggurats, temples, stonehenge | | 25 |
| 8442527633 | How would Daoism, Buddhism, and Confucianism interact/compliment each other? | all 3 philosophies advocated a man (or woman in Buddhism) aligning himself with goodness whether it be through his own efforts (confucianism) or through god (daoism and buddhism) | | 26 |
| 8442537009 | How did Judaism differ from other religions/cultures of the time? | it was the first major monotheistic religion | | 27 |
| 8442538922 | What is samsara? | the Hindu cycle of life, death, and rebirth | | 28 |
| 8442544060 | According to Confucius, how should a ruler treat his people? | with true justice and compassion | | 29 |
| 8442546769 | What Sumerian innovations developed for the first time in history? | the wheel, chariot, sailboat, plow, time, astronomy, astrology, maps, math, cuneiform | | 30 |
| 8442554894 | What is the similarity between the civilizations of Mesoamerica, Mesopotamia, the Indus River Valley, China, and the Nile River Valley? | all were patriarchal, agriculturalist societies with degrees of social stratification | | 31 |
| 8442560778 | What were punishments based on in Hammurabi's code? | equal punishment (eye for an eye) depending on social class | | 32 |
| 8442564941 | What is ethnocentrism? | the belief or assumption that the particular social or cultural group a person belongs to is superior or the only one in the world | | 33 |
| 8442569248 | Who were the Aryans? | a group of Indo-Europeans that developed the Indus River Valley's first epic stories. these stories were later written in sanskrit and their ideas on social order influenced India's caste system | | 34 |
| 8442575030 | What was the Silk Road? | an interconnected series of routes through Southern Asia traversed by caravan and ocean vessel | | 35 |
| 8442577924 | What led to Chinese writing? | oracle bones | | 36 |
| 8442585824 | Who was the creator of the major Indian and Asian religion that was born in the 6th century BCE and taught that enlightenment could be achieved only by abandoning worldly desires? | Buddha | | 37 |
| 8442587746 | What was the site of development of sedentary agriculture in China? | Yellow River Basin | | 38 |
| 8442592167 | Who was the ofunder of the first empire in the Indian subcontinent that created the first centralized government since the Harappan civilization? | Chandragupta Maurya | | 39 |
| 8442597539 | What was one of the great epic tales from classical India that deals with the triumph of good over evil and that races adventures of the King Rama and his wife? | Ramayana | | 40 |
| 8442604679 | What was the era from 475 BCE to 221 BCE that was interpreted as a time of endless brutal wars that came as a result of friction among the seven states and that this unfortunate state of affairs could end only with one state bringing all into one empire? | period of warring states | | 41 |
| 8442611019 | What are the four ancient books and hymns to the gods of Aryan religious traditions in which can be found the origins of Hinduism? | the vedas | | 42 |
| 8442612258 | What is a moral duty to your family and yourself? | dharma | | 43 |
| 8442617535 | What is a social organization created by exchanging grants of land in return for formal oaths of allegiance and promises of loyal service? | feudalism | | 44 |
| 8442620944 | What stressed the need for the absolute power of the emperor enforced through the strict application of laws in China? | legalism | | 45 |
| 8442622137 | What is respect for one's ancestors? | filial piety | | 46 |
| 8442633681 | What is the branch of anthropology that studies prehistoric people and their culture? | archaeology | | 47 |
| 8442639689 | What is the means of obtaining subsistence by humans before the mastery of sedentary agriculture that was normal of nomadic tribes? | hunting and gathering | | 48 |
| 8442645814 | Who were the people that migrated into Mesopotamia circa 4000 BCE, created the first civilization within the region, and organized the area into city-states? | Sumerians | | 49 |
| 8442649150 | What was the time from 4000 to 3000 BCE that increased the use of the plow, metalworking, development of wheeled vehicles, and writing? | bronze age | | 50 |
| 8442651160 | What was the system of writing used by the ancient Egyptians? | hieroglyphs | | 51 |
| 8442656622 | What was the age ending in 12,000 BCE that typified the use of evolving stone tools and hunting and gathering | paleolithic age | | 52 |
| 8442665186 | What was a small independent state consisting of an urban center and the surrounding agricultural territory? It was a characteristic political form in early Mesopotamia, Archaic and Classical Greece, Phoenicia, and early Italy. | city-states | | 53 |
| 8442670819 | What was the time between 8000 and 5000 BCE in which the adoption of sedentary agriculture occurred and plants and animals were domesticated? | neolithic age | | 54 |
| 8442674869 | Who are people with no permanent home but who roam from place to place searching for pasture lands? | nomads | | 55 |
| 8442681114 | What was the oldest known monotheistic religion? It originated in Persia and included dual gods of good and evil power. It influenced Christianity and Judaism. | zoroastrianism | | 56 |
| 8442685957 | What was the location of most early civilizations? | fertile crescent | | 57 |
| 8442689355 | What was the purpose of monumental building in Mesoamerica from 800-400 BCE? | home for emperor, dedication to gods | | 58 |
| 8442699343 | Who was Aristarchus? | a Greek astronomer who created the heliocentric solar system | | 59 |
| 8442702132 | The Socratic method would emphasize the importance of...? | asking and answering questions to stimulate critical thinking and to draw conclusions about the world | | 60 |
| 8442707196 | What did the Polynesians adapt to their environment WITHOUT? | technology and written records | | 61 |
| 8442732131 | Who is known as the father of history? | herodotus | | 62 |
| 8442739432 | What was the significance of the Romans sacking Jerusalem? | the Jewish diaspora | | 63 |
| 8442751008 | Who were the two sides in the Punic Wars? | Romans vs Carthaginians | | 64 |
| 8442759724 | What were the Punic Wars fought over? | Rome wanted Sicily | | 65 |
| 8442779899 | What was the result of the Punic Wars? | end to the Carthage Empire - Roman control over Mediterranean | | 66 |
| 8442785924 | What was the importance of the Persian Royal Roads? | facilitated fast transport of news and laws in the Persian Empire | | 67 |
| 8442800887 | What islands would the Polynesians reach? | Oceania, Australia, New Zealand, Australia | | 68 |
| 8442807964 | What was the pre-Greek civilization that flourished from 1600 - 1100 BCE? | Mycenaen | | 69 |
| 8442811328 | What was the purpose/significance of the Parthenon? | symbol of Athenian wealth and used to honor Athena | | 70 |
| 8442814802 | What led to the fall of both the Roman and Han empires? | too large to govern, disease, decreased economy, outside invasion | | 71 |
| 8442820775 | What was the importance of having a democratic government in Athens? | it influenced many modern legal systems and gave greeks citizens more legal participation | | 72 |
| 8442827274 | What system can be discarded with the invention of money? | bartering | | 73 |
| 8442828522 | What is Romanization? | the spread of roman culture, language, religion, art, and government | | 74 |
| 8442832891 | What was the significance of Alexander the Great's conquests? | the spread of Hellenistic culture, created a common cultural basis for the Romans to take over | | 75 |
| 8442838163 | What was the main source of Greek unity prior to Alexander the Great? | culture | | 76 |
| 8442839880 | What was the impact of Rome stopping expansion? | lessened economy, unsuccessful emperors, political outrage | | 77 |
| 8442843972 | What are characteristics of Pax Romana? | peace and prosperity, expanding empire, and world superpower | | 78 |
| 8442848740 | What is the combination of different cultures? | syncretism | | 79 |
| 8442851428 | What was the major important connection to trade for the Greeks? | Mediterranean Sea | | 80 |
| 8442853748 | Where would Roman wealth come from? | conquering other lands | | 81 |
| 8442857110 | What were the reasons that Rome built such a large empire? | military force, assimilation and citizenship offered to conquered areas, tolerant of religions | | 82 |
| 8442860984 | What is a patriarchal society? | male dominated | | 83 |
| 8442863411 | What was the makeup of the Spartan society? | military oligarchy, 2 kings, aristocratic government, majority forceful warriors | | 84 |
| 8442873172 | What was the central defensively oriented district in ancient Greek cities that was placed on high ground and contained the chief municipal and religious buildings? | acropolis | | 85 |
| 8442877589 | What was the period of political stability, cultural brilliance, and economic prosperity beginning with the unification under Augustus and lasting through the first two centuries of the common era? | Pax Romana | | 86 |
| 8442887092 | What was the ancient legislation that stood at the foundation of Roman law? These civil laws developed by the Roman Republic protected individual rights. | Law of Twelve Tables | | 87 |
| 8442895546 | Who were the slaves of Spartan society? | helots | | 88 |
| 8442901262 | What was the name given to Octavian following his defeat of Mark Anthony and Cleopatra? | Augustus Caesar | | 89 |
| 8442907829 | What was the war between Athens and Spartan alliances that was largely a consequence of Athenian imperialism in the Aegean region? It went on for over 20 years and ultimately Sparta prevailed but both were weakened sufficiently. | Peloponnesian War | | 90 |
| 8442915225 | What is the system of government in which all citizens have equal political and legal rights, privileges, and protections? | democracy | | 91 |
| 8442921584 | What is a plebeian officer elected by plebeians charged to protect their lives and properties, with a right of veto against legislative proposals of the Senate? | tribune | | 92 |
| 8442925946 | What was a heavy infantry that was the basic military unit of the ancient Roman army in the period of the late Roman Republic and the Roman Empire? | legion | | 93 |
| 8442930839 | What war was based on conflicts between Greek city-states and the Persian Empire in the 400s BCE? (Persia lost both times that it invaded) | Persian War | | 94 |
| 8442935638 | What was the period in which Greek art, education, and culture merged with those of the Middle East? | Hellenistic Period | | 95 |
| 8442948498 | What was the balanced constitution of Rome from 510 to 47 BCE that featured an aristocratic Senate, a panel of magistrates, and several popular assemblies? | Roman Republic | | 96 |
| 8442950537 | What was the most important legislative body in the Roman republic? | Senate | | 97 |
| 8442954624 | Who were the 2 men that shared executive power in the Roman Republic, but in times of crisis the Senate could choose a dictator with emergency powers? | consuls | | 98 |
| 8442956937 | Who was the founder of Macedonia? | Phillip II | | 99 |
| 8442959363 | Who were the wealthy, landowning noblemen in ancient Rome? | patricians | | 100 |
| 8442963963 | Who was the dictator of the Roman republic who effectively ended the republic and. with his successor Augustus, transformed it into an empire? | Julius Caesar | | 101 |
| 8442966416 | What was an aristocratic person in a polis who was a popular leader and carried out progressive reforms? | tyrant | | 102 |
| 8442970503 | What are the 5 pillars of Islam? | there is no God but Allah and Muhammad is his prophet, pray in the direction of Mecca 5 times a day, fast during the month of ramadan, tithe for charity, make the pilgrimage to mecca | | 103 |
| 8442981444 | Who was the leader of the Songhai that drove out the Berbers and built the largest empire in west africa by his death in 1492? He conquered Timbuktu and Djenne which gave the Songhai the control of trade. | Sunni Ali | | 104 |
| 8442985754 | What is a tradition relating to the words of deeds of the Prophet Muhammad; next to the Qur'an, it's the most important basis for Islamic law? | Hadith | | 105 |
| 8442988609 | In what battle did the Abbasids defeat the Umayyads? | Battle of River Zab | | 106 |
| 8442995517 | Who are Muslims belonging to the branch of Islam that believes that God vests leadership of the community in the descendants of Muhammad's son in-law? | Shia Muslims | | 107 |
| 8442998668 | What was the dynasty that succeeded the Umayyads as caliphs? | Abassid Empire | | 108 |
| 8443001296 | What is the region of present-day Israel that includes the city of Jerusalem? | Holy Land | | 109 |
| 8443007162 | Who was the Ethiopian King who directed the building of 11 great churches sculpted from rock underground? | King Lebilani | | 110 |
| 8443012046 | What was the Niger River port city in Mali that had a famous Muslim university and was the center of Islamic civilization for the period? | Timbuktu | | 111 |
| 8443020781 | What was the clan of Quraysh that dominated politics and commercial economics in Mecca that established rule of Islam? | Umayyad Empire | | 112 |
| 8443035838 | What was the name of the building located inside the mosque known as the Masjid al Haram in Mecca that is the holiest place in Islam? | Ka'ba | | 113 |
| 8443037525 | What is the second holiest city of Islam? | Medina | | 114 |
| 8443040611 | Who were the nomadic invaders from central Asia that were staunch Sunnis and that ruled from the 11th century in the name of the Abbasids? | Seljuk Turks | | 115 |
| 8443043805 | What was an Arabic term that means the "house of Islam" and that refers to lands under Islamic rule? | dar al-Islam | | 116 |
| 8443050779 | Who were the Central Asian nomadic people who captured Baghdad in 1258 and killed the last Abbasid Caliph? | the mongols | | 117 |
| 8443051653 | What is the holiest city in Islam? | Mecca | | 118 |
| 8443055281 | Who was the Moroccan Muslims scholar who was the most widely traveled individual of his time? He wrote a detailed account of his visits to Islamic lands from China to Spain and the western Sudan. | Ibn Battuta | | 119 |
| 8443065004 | What is the name of the East African shores of the Indian Ocean that were densely populated with Arabic trading cities? | Swahili coast | | 120 |
| 8443069955 | Why does Islamic art emphasize geometric design rather than graven images? | the Qur'an states that no idolization should be practiced | | 121 |
| 8443075938 | How does the spread and growth of Islam differ from the spread and growth of Buddhism and Christianity? | it was spread through holy wars called jihad | | 122 |
| 8443082581 | Rome's most significant contribution to the west was...? | a fair and just legal system | | 123 |
| 8443084750 | What policies were used by Shi Huangdi to unify China? | legalism | | 124 |
| 8443086898 | What was the major agricultural product that would be a staple for Mesoamerican cultures? | corn | | 125 |
| 8443091652 | What would the Byzantine Empire spread to Western Europe and the Islamic world? | Christianity (catholicism) | | 126 |
| 8443094044 | What was the significance of the Battle of Tours? | Charles the Great defeats the Muslims and legitimizes European rule | | 127 |
| 8443097091 | The Hanseatic League would trade to what regions? | Northern Europe and Scandinavia | | 128 |
| 8443100487 | What would influence the development of Russia due to the interactions of the Byzantine Empire and Kievan Rus? | the conversion to Greek Orthodox Christianity | | 129 |
| 8443104788 | When would the Middle Ages begin? | after the fall of the Roman Empire (12th century) | | 130 |
| 8443106863 | What was the draw-back to the 3-field system? | a third of the land did not produce any product and lessened the economy | | 131 |
| 8443107966 | What were guilds? | specialized market towns for certain occupations | | 132 |
| 8443112711 | What was the reason that Kiev would be a major trading center in the mid-9th century? | it had easy access to the Baltic Sea and the Hanseatic League developed close to the prominent Mongolian and Asian powers | | 133 |
| 8443119476 | Who was Leif Ericson? | the viking that founded Vinland in north america | | 134 |
| 8443122201 | Who would establish a united empire in Western Europe after the fall of Rome in the west? | Charlemagne | | 135 |
| 8443124543 | What was the role of women by the 15th century? | could hold some occupations, not many | | 136 |
| 8443127253 | What group of people provided the most serious challenge to the Byzantine Empire? | Ottoman Turks | | 137 |
| 8443130740 | What were the reasons why Ferdinand and Isabella supported the expulsion of Muslims and Jews from Spain? | both were Christian and believed that these other religious groups were a threat to their power | | 138 |
| 8443132547 | What is realism? | the general attempt to depict things truthfully-to show the way things are in the real world | | 139 |
| 8443138006 | What would the Byzantine Empire under Justinian spend most of its money on? | churches | | 140 |
| 8443139060 | What was the cyrillic alphabet? | the new russian alphabet based off of latin | | 141 |
| 8443142363 | What was the effect that geography had on the establishment of empires in Oceania? | spaced islands made it hard to create a centralized government | | 142 |
| 8443156841 | Why did China end their age of exploration and recall Zheng He back to China? | the dynastic cycle - a new dynasty was in charge | | 143 |
| 8452825147 | What was the epidemic that struck Europe in the 14th century that decreased Europe and Asia's populations and affected social structure? | the plague | | 144 |
| 8452837226 | What was the name of the group of Mongols who conquered Russian cities during the 13th century that left the Russian churches and aristocracy intact? | Tartans | | 145 |
| 8452865722 | What was the dominant, school-based medieval philosophical approach that used logic to resolve theological problems? | scholasticism | | 146 |
| 8452885897 | What was the great charter issued by King John of England in 1215 that represented the principle of mutual limits and obligations between rulers and the feudal aristocracy and the supremacy of law? | Magna Carta | | 147 |
| 8452888697 | Who was the head of the Eastern Orthodox Church? | tsar | | 148 |
| 8452893785 | What was art during the medieval ages dominated by? | catholic church | | 149 |
| 8452901367 | What was the Catholic church's code of laws set up to help regulate churches spread throughout Europe? | canon law | | 150 |
| 8452914689 | What was the Turkish empire established in Asia Minor that eventually extended through the Middle East and the Balkans? It conquered Constantinople in 1453 and ended the Byzantine Empire. | Ottoman Empire | | 151 |
| 8452935519 | What was the most severe penalty for refusing to obey Church laws? | excommunication | | 152 |
| 8452939752 | What was the capital of the Byzantine Empire? | Constantinople | | 153 |
| 8452949824 | What were bodies representing privileged groups that institutionalized the principle that kings ruled with the advice and consent of their subjects? | parliament | | 154 |
| 8452960951 | What occurs in societies that transition from high birth rates and high death rates to low birth rates and low death rates as part of the economic development of the country? (seen in China, Japan, US today) | demographic transition | | 155 |
| 8452972877 | Who were the Russian land-holding aristocrats who possessed less political power than their western European counterparts? | boyars | | 156 |
| 8452980893 | What is an architectural style that developed during the 13th century and featured pointed arches and flying buttresses as the external support on main walls? | gothic | | 157 |
| 8452995420 | What was the rural system of reciprocal relations between landlords and their peasant laborers during the Middle Ages; peasants exchanged labor for use of land and protection? (large manors) | manorialism | | 158 |
| 8453012193 | What was the eastern portion of the Roman Empire which survived beyond the collapse of the Roman Empire? It retained Mediterranean culture, particularly Greek. | Byzantine Empire | | 159 |
| 8453020744 | What was the way of life in which men and women would withdraw from society in order to devote themselves to their faith? | monasticism | | 160 |
| 8453029294 | What was an organization of north German and Scandinavian cities for the purpose of establishing a commercial alliance? | Hanseatic League | | 161 |
| 8453037177 | What was the common relationship between lords and serfs in the Middle Ages (what kind of system)? | feudalism | | 162 |
| 8453045989 | What was the state that emerged around the city of Kiev i the 9th century that was a culturally diverse region of Viking, Finnic, and Baltic people? | Kievan Rus | | 163 |
| 8453049025 | Who was the head of the Roman Catholic Church? | pope | | 164 |
| 8453055476 | Who was a military elite who received rewards or benefits from lords in repayment for their military service in Europe? | vassal | | 165 |
| 8453069196 | Who replaced the Kamakura regime in Japan? | Ashikaga Shogunate | | 166 |
| 8453074431 | What form of Buddhism emphasized the salvationist aspect of Chinese Buddhism? | Mahayana | | 167 |
| 8453084351 | What was the attempt to make the Japanese monarch into an absolutist Chinese-style emperor that included attempts to create a professional bureaucracy and peasant conscript army? | Taika reforms | | 168 |
| 8453096500 | Who were the hereditary military elite of the Tokugawa Shogunate that were loyal to their feudal lords? | samurai | | 169 |
| 8453101646 | Who were the military leaders of Japan during its feudal era and the actual powers behind the emperor? | shogun | | 170 |
| 8453109464 | Who were the founders of the Qin kingdom in China? | jurchens | | 171 |
| 8453112621 | What was the title given to students who passed the civil service exam? | jinshi | | 172 |
| 8453120677 | Who were the warlord rulers of 300 small states following civil war and disruption of the Ashikaga Shogunate? | daimyo | | 173 |
| 8453125700 | What was the samurai code of conduct? | bushido | | 174 |
| 8453132696 | What was the canal system that joined the Yellow River to the Yangzi basin? | grand canal | | 175 |
| 8453141330 | What was the extensive adoption of Chinese culture in other regions? It was typical of Korea and Japan but not Vietnam. | sinification | | 176 |
| 8453167726 | What was the Chinese credit instrument that provided credit vouchers to people? | flying money | | 177 |
| 8453175036 | What was the form of Buddhism that stressed meditation and appreciation of natural and artistic beauty? | zen | | 178 |
| 8453186967 | What was the story written by Lady Murasaki (a Japanese noblewoman) that detailed the amorous life of a Japanese emperor's son? | Tale of Genji | | 179 |
| 8453194443 | What factor spread Islam through southeast Asia? | trade | | 180 |
| 8453198393 | East Asia and Mediterranean civilizations were linked by...? | the silk road | | 181 |
| 8453205164 | What was the interaction between Tang China and Japan? | Tang China would send over envoys to try to reform Japanese-style government | | 182 |
| 8453216117 | The social organization of the Tang and Song dynasties allowed for...? | social mobility | | 183 |
| 8453221271 | What is three point linear perspective? | parallel lines along the width of an object meet at two separate points on the horizon and vertical lines on the object meet at a point on the perpendicular bisector of the horizon line (more depth given to pictures) | | 184 |
| 8453284410 | Which region of the world had a decentralized government from 500 to 1000 CE? | central europe | | 185 |
| 8453299541 | The spread of Islam outside of the Arabian Peninsula was caused by...? | trade and jihad | | 186 |
| 8453328486 | What was the long-term effect of the Roman Empire's construction of roads throughout the empire? | cultural unification | | 187 |
| 8453344069 | What were man-made islands in the lake beds of Mexican lakes that yielded a large amount of crops and arable land? | chinampas | | 188 |
| 8453357269 | What was the class structure of the Mayans? | leader = king, elite = nobles and priests, peasants = farmers and artisans | | 189 |
| 8453370746 | Who was Huitzilopochtli? | the mayan sun god | | 190 |
| 8453375755 | How were the Mayans organized politically? | city-states, not politically united | | 191 |
| 8453389493 | What did the Inca use to obtain resources? | tribute states | | 192 |
| 8453393320 | What would happen to prisoners who were captured by the Aztecs in battle? | they were used as human sacrifice | | 193 |
| 8453401038 | What did art represent in the Toltec, Aztec, Olmec, and Incan civilizations? | religion and folklore | | 194 |
| 8453407081 | Where was the mita system a characteristic of? | Inca Empire | | 195 |
| 8453410665 | What did the mita system mandate? | all men must serve in battle, conquered areas must pay a labor tax | | 196 |
| 8453422477 | What was the major reason that trade in the Americas was underdeveloped as compared to Eurasia? | no wheel, no domesticated animals | | 197 |
| 8453429712 | What was the significance of Macchu Picchu? | it is a complex urban center that reflects the Incan resources and technology of the time | | 198 |
| 8453441502 | How did the Aztecs obtain resources for the growth and survival of their civilization? | they produced everything on their own and expanded their territory | | 199 |
| 8453449688 | What was the political power of the khan? | complete political power | | 200 |
| 8453453439 | What would lead to the development of the 4 khanates? | death of Genghis khan, weakened government power, corrupt successors | | 201 |
| 8453461654 | What were the characteristics of Pax Mongolica? | brief unification of Eurasia, safe trade, increase in technology, commodities and ideologies spread | | 202 |
| 8453484633 | Who were the most effective Mongol troops? | the tumens, cavalry men and skilled archers | | 203 |
| 8453492246 | Why would the Mongols refrain from invading Europe in the 1200s? | death of Genghis Khan | | 204 |
| 8453504212 | Why would the Mongol empire break up? | high taxes, high demand for labor | | 205 |
| 8453514870 | What would the Mongols be responsible for spreading that was previously Chinese? | gunpowder | | 206 |
| 8453517801 | Who invented the Mongol Empire? | Genghis Khan | | 207 |
| 8453521298 | What was the religious policy of the Mongols? | tolerant of all religions | | 208 |
| 8453530009 | What would territories under Mongol control benefit from during the 13th and 14th centuries? | the effects of Pax Mongolica and isolation from the bubonic plague | | 209 |
| 8453540641 | What were characteristics of the little ice age during the Middle Ages? | famine, crop failure, population loss, expanding glaciers | | 210 |
| 8453550351 | How do Islam and Hinduism differ? | Islam focuses on following the laws of the Qur'an and spiritual salvation through relationships invested in Allah while Hinduism focuses on following social castes and attaining spiritual salvation by doing so. | | 211 |
| 8453588089 | What was the significance of Vasco da Gama? | he was the first European explorer to reach India by sea | | 212 |
| 8453595003 | What was the significance of Mansa Musa's hajj to Mecca? | Mali kingdom placed on European map, brought attention to Africa and Islam | | 213 |
| 8453610564 | What civilization did the Aztecs succeed in Central America? | Toltecs | | 214 |
| 8453617791 | Why did the Russians convert to Orthodox Christianity? | tsar had all political and religious power | | 215 |
| 8453623330 | The use of paper money, coal, and daily bathing would be things that Marco Polo would describe of what court? | Chinese (Yuan Dynasty) | | 216 |
| 8453628979 | Why would the Sui Dynasty collapse? | failed military campaigns, peasant revolts | | 217 |
| 8453643233 | What were government positions in China based on? | partly on family background, partly on performance on the civil service exam | | 218 |
| 8453656920 | Architecture in Cordoba, Spain was influenced by? | Islam | | 219 |
| 8453659436 | What were the basic beliefs of Confucianism? | filial piety, humaneness, social consciousness | | 220 |
| 8453664988 | How did the Dutch establish themselves in the east Indies? | through colonies and the Dutch/British East India Tea Company, wiped out native culture | | 221 |
| 8453679771 | What was the difference between European caravels and Ming treasure junks? | caravels were smaller with triangular lanteen sails that allowed them to move through shallow and open waters, they could be used for war as well while junks were larger and could only hug the coastline | | 222 |
| 8453689894 | What was the main motive for exploration? | to increase the wealth of europe | | 223 |
| 8453697241 | What was the Treaty of Tordesillas? | after the pope drew the line of demarcation, Brazil was awarded to Portugal | | 224 |
| 8453700332 | What is mercantilism? | government controls trade; exports more than it imports | | 225 |
| 8453715866 | Why would diseases destroy the native population of the Americas? | they had no prior immunity | | 226 |
| 8453731134 | What was the main difference between French and Spanish colonization? | french were tolerant and cooperated with the natives, spanish were not | | 227 |
| 8453741035 | How was Columbus able to persuade the Spanish monarchy to support his explorations? | promised to convert people to christianity, promised to find valuable resources | | 228 |
| 8453749702 | How would Joseph II of Austria reform his society? | enforced laws that peasants must be paid for labor | | 229 |
| 8453756045 | What was the political philosophy of John Locke? | separation of powers, democracy | | 230 |
| 8453759960 | What was the political philosophy of Thomas Hobbes? | absolute monarchy | | 231 |
| 8453778466 | Prior to the reformation, what was the major criticism of the Catholic Church? | corruption | | 232 |
| 8453787365 | According to Locke, people have the right to do what if their rights are not protected? | revolt and negotiate new protections | | 233 |
| 8453802608 | What were indulgences? | objects sold by the Catholic Church as remissions for the penalty of sins | | 234 |
| 8453808008 | What was the significance of the Palace of Versailles? | represented Louis XIV's absolute monarchy | | 235 |
| 8453813664 | What did William Harvey discover? | the circulatory system is powered by the heart | | 236 |
| 8453820462 | What did the European monarchs use to legitimize their political power? | divine right, relations with church | | 237 |
| 8453829317 | What was the result of the Glorious Revolution? | parliament had powers over the king | | 238 |
| 8453840488 | What was the result of the English reformation? | the king was named the head of the church of england | | 239 |
| 8453847493 | What was the Council of Trent? | a catholic committee that was committed to reforming the catholic church | | 240 |
| 8453853657 | What was the Counter Reformation? | the catholic church's attempt to stop the spread of protestantism | | 241 |
| 8453856425 | Who were the Cossacks? | brutal and militaristic Russians that served Ivan III in battle | | 242 |
| 8453870569 | Why did the Russians not experience the Renaissance or Reformation? | they were still under mongol rule | | 243 |
| 8453874593 | How did Catherine the Great feel that governments should operate? | in a just and legal fashion | | 244 |
| 8453888790 | Ivan III was responsible for: | strengthening Russia's military, gaining territory previously held by the mongols, asserting control over all orthodox churches | | 245 |
| 8453915372 | Economically, early modern Russia was: | largely agricultural and reliant on western trade | | 246 |
| 8453919706 | What was the reason why Russian expansion focused on Central Asia? | they were powered by their desire to push back territory that was held by the mongols | | 247 |
| 8453946472 | What would Peter the great create that would reflect the growth of Russia (especially in the Baltic Sea)? | a navy | | 248 |
| 8454414920 | Peter the Great was able to centralize the government through the use of: | state-sponsored government institutions | | 249 |
| 8454417235 | What is polytheism? | the belief in multiple gods | | 250 |
| 8454428787 | What are characteristics of the paleolithic age? | hunter-gatherers, control of fire, nomadic movement | | 251 |
| 8454433343 | What is sanskrit? | the holy indian language, the language the vedas were originally recorded in | | 252 |
| 8454441872 | What would civilizations develop independently from one another? | staple crops | | 253 |
| 8454445250 | What did the Epic of Gilgamesh talk about? | Mesopotamian religion, the fear of death and how people cease to exist after death | | 254 |
| 8454455294 | What suggests that Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro had strong central governments? | complex water and grid systems | | 255 |
| 8454462044 | What need in early civilization lead to the development of the first writing systems? | the need to keep record of trade and agricultural gains | | 256 |
| 8454500801 | What philosophy would spread via India? | Hinduism, follow by Buddhism through Ashoka | | 257 |
| 8454508151 | The caste system was established to enable: | Indian nobles to keep control over lower castes | | 258 |
| 8454528603 | What two classical civilizations were similar with regards to the use of bureaucratic government administration? | Han China and Rome | | 259 |
| 8454540474 | Alexander the Great would usually adopt what of the empires he conquered? | the culture, economics, and social policies | | 260 |
| 8454562891 | What was the Edict of Milan and what did it establish? | a progressive reform issued by Constantine, it established the toleration of Christianity in the Roman Empire | | 261 |
| 8454580184 | What was the reason that the Persians were able to collect taxes effectively throughout the empire? | they used the royal road | | 262 |
| 8454614979 | How would geography shape ancient Greece? | tall mountains and separated islands made it hard to create a centralized government, also it was hard to farm land | | 263 |
| 8454640573 | Alexander the Great was "great" at conquering land and "weak" at... | governing the land he conquered | | 264 |
| 8454645245 | What made the Persian empire "great"? | religious tolerance | | 265 |
| 8454654124 | What religion was also spreading during the time of Christianity? | Islam | | 266 |
| 8454658333 | What is the importance of the city of Timbuktu? | center of Islam in Africa, trade, scholarly area | | 267 |
| 8454695551 | What was Romanesque architecture? | big blocky buildings, custom of medieval churches | | 268 |
| 8454698568 | What is Swahili? | language spoken on the african east coast, a dialect of Bantu and Arabic | | 269 |
| 8454708219 | What percentage of Europe was affected by the plague? | 30-50% | | 270 |
| 8454713409 | What fields did Muslims make advancements in during the golden age? | math, medicine, philosophy, art, architecture, writing, history | | 271 |
| 8454724970 | What was the purpose of the Bantu migration? | Bantu people developed iron tools and conquered the surrounding areas, converting them to their language and culture | | 272 |
| 8454759819 | What was the main value of the Mongols? | loyalty | | 273 |
| 8454763116 | What was the pre-Islamic Bedouin religion? | animism | | 274 |
| 8454766701 | What was Neo-Confucianism? | the revival of Chinese Confucian ethics during the Song/Tang era | | 275 |
| 8454770906 | What was footbinding? | the neo-confucianist practice of breaking a woman's foot and tying it so it will heal deformed | | 276 |
| 8454777572 | What was the purpose of Justinian code? | to create a fair legal system | | 277 |
| 8454787231 | What was the economy like in the dar al-Islam? | free market, merchant and artisan classes flourished | | 278 |
| 8454793400 | How would Ivan the Terrible confirm his authority? | through the oprichniki, an oppressive russian police group | | 279 |
| 8454799119 | What event would mark a beginning of a new period in world history? | the founding of the americas | | 280 |
| 8454807200 | What was the commonality of Locke, Montesquieu, and Voltaire? | all believed in the separation of powers and a semi-democratic government | | 281 |
| 8454815897 | What was the purpose of the Russian aristocracy cutting their beards? | made them more westernized | | 282 |
| 8454832567 | What was the key cause for both the English Civil War and Glorious Revolution? | oppressive king | | 283 |
| 8454849361 | Who was the enlightened despot who stated that the government should operate in an orderly and legal fashion? | Catherine the Great | | 284 |
| 8454861845 | What European country was the first to have a significant religious impact on the New World? | Spain | | 285 |
| 8454861847 | Who was Ferdinand Magellan? | a portuguese-spanish explorer who found brazil | | 286 |
| 8454871498 | What is humanism? | an intellectual movement that focused on human potential and achievements | | 287 |
