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AP Language Set E Flashcards

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11475173330OBSTINATEfirmly and unreasonably adhering to one's purpose, opinion0
11475173331OBDURATEunmoved by persuasion, pity, or tender feelings; unyielding.1
11475173332INGRATIATEgain favor with somebody by deliberate efforts2
11475173333ESOTERICunderstandable by only an enlightened inner circle3
11475173334REPLETEfull; abundant; filled to the brim4
11475173335RIFEprevalent; widespread; common (often negative)5
11475173336REPREHENSIBLEshameful; very bad6
11475173337ENSCONCEto settle securely or snugly; comfortably7
11475173338ENSHROUDto cover; conceal; to enclose with a dark cover8
11475173339TEDIUMdullness; monotony; boredom9
11475173340RESCINDto take back, repeal10
11475173341REFUTEto prove incorrect11
11475173342LAMPOONto ridicule with satire12
11475173343HEDONISMbelief that attainment of pleasure is life's chief aim13
11475173344EPHEMERALshort-lived; fleeting14
11475173345BOMBASTICpompous or pretentious talk or writing15
11475173346OBFUSCATEto confuse; to bewilder16
11475173347DECORUMproper behavior, good taste; orderliness17
11475173348DOGGEDpersistent, stubbornly determined, refusing to give up18
11475173349CURTAILto cut short; end sooner than expected19
11475173350DEGRADEreduce someone's worth or value; step down to a lower position, rank, social status (suggest humiliation)20
11475173351PRESUMPTUOUStoo forward or bold; overstepping proper bounds21
11475173352PROPENSITYa natural inclination or tendency22
11475173353PENCHANTa strong inclination or liking23
11475173354INEPTunskilled; clumsy; incompetent24
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Ap Language Flashcards

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10515287911AbstractRefers to language that describes concepts rather than concrete images0
10515287912Ad HominemIn an argument, this is an attack on the person rather than on the opponent's ideas.1
10515287913AllegoryA literary work in which characters, objects, or actions represent abstractions2
10515287914Alliterationthe occurrence of the same letter or sound at the beginning of adjacent or closely connected words.3
10515287915allusionA reference to another work of literature, person, or event4
10515287916analogyA comparison of two different things that are similar in some way5
10515287917Anaphora (n)repetition of a word or phrase at beginning of a line or sentence6
10515287918anecdotea short and amusing or interesting story about a real incident or person7
10515287919annotationexplanatory notes added to a text to explain, cite sources, or give bibliographical data8
10515287920antithesisthe presentation of two contrasting images9
10515287921aphorisma short, pithy statement of a generally accepted truth or sentiment10
10515287922apostropheusually in poetry but sometimes in prose; the device of calling out to an imaginary, dead or absent person or to a place or thing11
10515287923arugumentationwriting that attempts to prove the validity of a point of view or an idea by presenting reasoned arguments; persuasive writing is a form of argumentation12
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AP World History Chapter 7 Flashcards

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11516826550OlmecThe first Mesoamerican civilization who had a great cultural impact on future civilization0
11516845566LlamasThis animal was the only beast of burden in the Americas before the Europeans introduced the horse.1
11516880689ChavinThe first major South American civilization, from about 900 to 250 B.C.2
11516891643TeotihuacanWith a population of 125,000 in 450 C.E, this powerful city-state in central Mexico, was the religious center for Mesoamericans.3
11516912342ChinampasRaised fields constructed along lake shores in Mesoamerica to increase agricultural yields.4
11516918053MayaMesoamerican civilization concentrated in Mexico's Yucatan Peninsula and in Guatemala and Honduras but never unified into a single empire. Major contributions were in mathematics, astronomy, and development of the calendar.5
11591884847ToltecsPowerful postclassic empire in central Mexico that influenced much of Mesoamerica. Aztecs claimed ties to this earlier civilization.6
11591898338AnasaziImportant culture of what is now the southwest United States. Centered on Chaco Canyon in New Mexico and Mesa Verde in Colorado, the Anasazi culture built multistory residences and worshipped in subterranean buildings called kivas.7
11591905090chiefdomForm of political organization with rule by a hereditary leader who held power over a collection of villages and towns. Less powerful than kingdoms and empires, they were based on gift giving and commercial links.8
11597779317aylluAndean lineage group or kin-based community.9
11597786845mitaAndean labor system based on shared obligations to help kinsmen and work on behalf of the ruler and religious organizations.10
11597793260MocheCivilization of north Peru (200-700 C.E). An important Andean civilization that built extensive irrigation networks as well as impressice urban centers dominated by brick temples11
11597826009TiwanakuName of capital city and empire centered on the region near Lake Titicaca in modern Bolivia (375-1000 C.E.). (p. 315)12
11597833257WariAndean civilization culturally linked to Tiwanaku, perhaps beginning as a colony of Tiwanaku.13
11597839775ChimuA powerful civilization, also called Kingdom of Chimor, that developed on the northern coast of Peru from about 1200 to its conquest by an expanding Inka empire in the 1470s. Its capital city was Chan Chan.14
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AP Language- Tone Vocab Flashcards

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10746777449boisterousa person or event that's noisy, energetic, and cheerful0
10746778921effusiveexpressing a lot of emotion1
10746781858elatedvery happy and excited2
10746783628exuberantjoyously unrestrained3
10746784988exultantexpressing great joy4
10746786954fancifulimaginative5
10746788651festivecheerful and exciting6
10757133490genialfreely expressing sympathy or friendliness7
10757136084jocularsaid/done as a joke8
10757137347mirthfulgladness or gaiety shown by laughter9
10757139135nostalgicyearning for happiness felt formerly10
10757141801sanguinecheerfully optimistic11
10757144251whimsicalusual in a playful or amusing way12
10757145496wistfulwishing for something happy from before13
10757147641admonitoryto caution, advise, or counsel against something14
10757151510condemnatorydeclare wrong/evil15
10757152578exacerbatedto make a bad situation worse16
10757158916incendiaryagitating17
10757172635incensedvery angry; enraged18
10757174055indignantfeeling angry because of something unjust19
10757179640inflammatorytending to excite anger20
10757182369iratearising from anger21
10757183866lividfuriously angry22
10757191641pretentiousshowing the unpleasant quality of people who want to be seen as more impressive than they really are23
10757257660vexedfeeling irritated, annoyed, or distressed24
10757261281wrathfulstrong vengeful anger or indignation25
10757262877apprehensiveafraid something bad or unpleasant will happen26
10757265846chagrinedashamed; mortified27
10757268528despairingshowing the loss of all hope28
10757276409disconcertedto throw into confusion29
10757281453forebodinga feeling that something bad will happen30
10757283477melancholiccharacterized by or causing or expressing sadness31
10757285166ominousconsidered a sign of evil/trouble to come32
10757290838soberhaving a very serious attitude33
10757292697solemnserious; formal and dignified34
10757292698sombervery sad and serious35
10757299934staidquiet or subdued in character or conduct36
10757308895banteringaddress in a witty and teasing matter37
10757310402condescendingshowing you believe you are more intelligent than others38
10757312409contemptuousexpressing deep hatred or disapproval39
10757315739cynicalbelieving that people act only out of selfish motives40
10757320640derisiveridiculing, mocking41
10757322333disdainfullack of respect42
10757329769eccentricunconventional and slightly strange43
10757331543facetiousjoking, often inappropriately44
10757333137flippiantlacking proper seriousness45
10757343148insolentboldly rude46
10757345952irreverentdisrespectful47
10757348263mock-seriouspretending to be serious48
10757357301patronizingtreat with kindness that betrays a feeling of superiority49
10757388590pompoushaving or exhibiting self-importance50
10757392503sardonicderisively mocking51
10757403075satiricsarcasm used to expose and discredit52
10757406857scathingcausing great harm53
10757408839scornfulshowing disgust and anger54
10757413445tauntingchallenge in a mocking or insulting manner55
10757415267wittyclever or amusing56
10757418654ambiguousopen to more than one interpretation57
10757420463apathetichaving or showing little or no emotion58
10757431040candidfree from bias59
10757433761ceremonialhaving no real power or influence60
10762086286clinicalcoolly analytical and impersonal61
10762090702colloquialused in ordinary or familiar conversation62
10762092113didacticintended to teach63
10762093283esotericintended for or understood by only a small group of people64
10762105166incredulousunwilling to believe something65
10762106421lyricalhaving an artistically expressive quality66
10762107199objectivenot influenced by personal feelings or opinions in considering and representing facts67
10762109524placidnot easily upset or excited68
10762110404prosaicdull, ordinary69
10762112984reminiscentreminding of the past70
10762114955Spartanplain, simple71
10762115864tediouslong and tiresome72
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AP Language Set D Flashcards

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11152960822POSTHUMOUSoccurring after a person's death0
11152960823ONUSa difficult obligation, task, burden, responsibility1
11152960824PEJORATIVEhaving a disparaging or belittling effect2
11152960825IMMUTABLEunchangeable3
11152960826RECAPITULATEsummarize briefly4
11152960827CAPITULATEto surrender; to give up resistance5
11152960828PREEMINENTsuperior; surpassing; above or before others6
11152960829SARDONICmocking; cynical; sneering7
11152960830INNATEexisting from birth, inborn8
11152960831DISILLUSIONto disappoint someone by breaking his or her belief in a false ideal9
11152960832GUILEtreacherous cunning, deceit10
11152960833OSTRACIZEexclude from a group, banish, send away11
11152960834IMPUGNto attack as false or questionable12
11152960835IMPUNITYexemption from punishment13
11152960836MITIGATEto make milder or softer, to moderate in force or intensity14
11152960837INCESSANTcontinuing without pause or interruption (seemingly nonstop)15
11152960838VIS A VISin relation to or compared with16
11152960839INSIDIOUSintended to deceive or entrap; sly, treacherous17
11152960840TUMULTUOUSdisturbance and uproar; raising a great clatter and commotion18
11152960841SUBSTANTIATEto support with proof or evidence19
11152960842POLEMICALcontroversial; argumentative20
11152960843EGREGIOUSoutstandingly bad21
11152960844LAMBASTEattack verbally22
11152960845VACUOUSlacking ideas or intelligence; empty23
11152960846VACILLATEwaver; sway indecisively24
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AP Language Vocab 71-80 Flashcards

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11287843564IntrepidCourageous, fearless0
11287846261IntuitionSharp insight1
11287846262Inversiona sentence in which the verb precedes the subject2
11287851168Inveteratelong-established, deep-rooted3
11287851169LamentExpress grief, mourn4
11287857653LaudatoryGiving praise5
11287857654ListlessLacking energy6
11287862166LucidEasily understood, clear7
11287862167MalfeasanceWrongdoing, misconduct8
11287865901MaverickOne who is independent and resists adherence to a group9
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