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AP World History: Unit 1 Flashcards

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10531327252Agriculturethe practice of cultivating the land or raising stock0
10531332000Domesticationtaming of animals1
10531333962IrrigationA way of supplying water to an area of land2
10531339421Paleolithic Erathe first part of the Stone Age; when people first used stone tools3
10546004381Neolithic RevolutionA turning point in the stone age when humans began farming.4
10546007197SurplusAn unsold quantity of a good resulting from a lack of equilibrium in a market5
10546013666PatriarchyA form of social organization in which males dominate females6
10546016336Stratificationthe arrangement or classification of something into different groups7
10546019443Nomadspeople who move from place to place8
10546024387Pastoralismthe domestication of animals9
10546031418DiffusionThe process of spread of a feature or trend from one place to another over time10
10546039238Ideologya system of social or political ideas11
10546042922City-Statea city that with its surrounding territory forms an independent state.12
10546045680SumerThe world's first civilization, founded in Mesopotamia, which existed for over 3,000 years.13
10546045681Babylonthe chief city of ancient Mesopotamia and capitol of the ancient kingdom of Babylonia14
10546060094ZigguratA pyramid shaped temple tower15
10546063958PharaohA ruler of ancient Egypt16
10546065479Monotheismbelief in a single God17
10546067449PolytheismBelief in many gods18
10546068641HittitesAn ancient Anatolian group whose empire at largest extent consisted of most of the Middle East.19
10546074663Demographicrelated to population balance20
10546077832Code of Hammurabia set of laws established by Hammurabi21
10546081461Harappaa large ancient city of the Indus civilization, created in present-day Pakistan22
10546084577Egalitarianpromoting equal rights for all people23
10546086096HierarchyA group organized by rank24
10546086990Cuneiformthe world's first system of writing25
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AP World History Summer Vocab Flashcards

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10484272270Neolithic Revolutionthe transition in human history from a lifestyle of small hunter-gatherer groups to larger agricultural settlements and early civilization (also know as the Agricultural Revolution)0
10484281058Bronze Agethe period of ancient human culture beginning in Mediterranean Europe, the Middle East, and China distinguished by the use of bronze between 4000 and 3000 BC (ended with the Iron Age)1
10484298218Cuneiformone of the earliest systems of writing, invented by the Sumerians, that used wedged-shape characters impressed on clay tablets, found in Mesopotamia, Persia, and Ugarit2
10484315364City-statea city and its surrounding territory that forms an independent state3
10484318417Zigguratsan ancient Mesopotamian temple tower that consisted of a tall pyramid structure built in stages with staircases and a shrine at the top, make from mud and baked brick by the Assyrians and Babylonians4
10484361412Monsoonsthe seasonal wind of the Indian ocean and southern Asian, blowing from the SW between May and September also bringing rain (wet monsoons), or from the NE between October and April (dry monsoons)5
10484376253Untouchables/Dalitsa member of the lowest caste Hindu group or a person outside the caste system (if a higher caste system member comes in contact with an untouchable, they are deemed as unpure)6
10484385555Indigenousthe first people or native people who are original inhabitants of a region7
10484389803Reincarnation**the belief of rebirth in a new body or form after death8
10484399649Zoroastriana religion that emerged in the Persian Empires (ancient Iran) that emphasized morality, such as truth telling, purity, and reverence for nature, forced humans to choose between good and evil9
10484408157Nirvanathe final goal of Buddhism in which one reaches a state where there is no suffering, desire, or sense of self and he or she has been released from the effects of karma, the cycle of death, and rebirth10
10486003258Stupaa dome shaped structure used as a shrine honoring Buddha or a Buddhist saint, seen as sacred11
10486005515Patrilinealthe inheritance or tracing descent through the father's or male line12
10486008361Matrilinealthe inheritance or tracing descent through the mother's or female line13
10486012208Matriarchy**a family, group, or state governed by a woman or women14
10486012815patriarchya system of government or society in which the eldest man is the head of the family and descent is traced through a male line; women are largely excluded from power15
10486017174Cultural Diffusionthe spread of cultural beliefs or social activities from one group of people to another16
10486020779polis**a city state in Ancient Greece17
10486022327Hellenism**Greek culture combined with Egyptian, Persian, and Indian ideas, resulting from Alexzander the Great's empire; it flourished from 800-400 BCE18
10486026656Plebian**the general body of a free Roman citizens who were not Patrician, also know as commoners19
10486028751Patriciana descendant of one of the original families of Ancient Rome, therefore creating them members of a high rank society20
10486031463Theocracya system of government in which priest rule in the name of god21
10486034533Disporiathe dispersion of any group of people from their original homeland Ex: the jews outside of Israel22
10486037067Mandate of Heavena rule created by the Zhou stating that there could only be one legitimate ruler of China at a time and he/she must have gods blessing23
10486043450Kamia sacred power or force in the Shinto religion24
10486045582Infanticidea person who commits the crime of killing a child within one year of birth25
10486046755Secularnot connected to religious or spiritual beliefs26
10487188142Filial Pietya term in Confucianism that expresses the importance for kids to respect and care for one's parents and elders27
10487229140Animismthe belief that all natural things, such as animals, plants, and phenomenons possess souls and spirits that influence human events28
10487234920Milletmethod of working with religious minorities in Ottoman Empire - millets had a great deal of power - they set their own laws and collected and distributed their own taxes. All that was insisted was loyalty to the Empire. When a member of one millet committed a crime against a member of another, the law of the injured party applied, but the - ruling - Islamic majority being paramount, any dispute involving a Muslim fell under their sharia-based law29
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AP World History Chapter 17 Flashcards

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6010554663In characterizing the period from 1450 to 1750 in the West, which of the following statements is NOT accurateA) What was once an agricultural society had become a predominantly manufacturing economy.0
6010554664Which of the following sequences lists the major developments of Western civilization in proper sequenceC) Renaissance, Protestant Reformation, absolute monarchy, Enlightenment1
6010556835Which of the following statements about the Renaissance is NOT accurateB) The Renaissance was largely an artistic movement that began in Italy.2
6010556836Which of the following was NOT a participant in the 15th-century Italian RenaissanceD) Giotto3
6010556837Which of the following statements concerning Italian humanism is most accurateA) Humanists focused on humankind as the center of intellectual and artistic endeavor.4
6010568176Which of the following was NOT an impact of the Renaissance on politics and commerceB) Under humanist influence, wars among Italian city-states became less frequent and violent.5
6010568177Which of the following accounts in part for the decline of the Italian Renaissance circa 1500C) French and Spanish monarchs invaded the peninsula, cutting down on political independence.6
6010569708What was one of the primary differences between the Northern and Italian RenaissancesB) Northern humanists focused more on religion than their Italian counterparts.7
6010569709Johannes Gutenberg was responsible forD) the invention of movable type in the West.8
6010571481What was the European-style family pattern that emerged in the 15th centuryD) Nuclear families, late marriage ages9
6010571482What determined the age of marriage for many people in EuropeB) Access to real property10
6010571483By the 16th century, at what age did most Europeans marryE) 28-2911
6010574019Who is generally credited with initiating the Protestant Reformation in 1517D) Martin Luther12
6010574020Which of the following was NOT a religious proposition advanced by Martin LutherD) Priests should practice celibacy.13
6010575875Which of the following statements most accurately describes the reason why Luther picked up widespread support among the German eliteC) German princes who turned Protestant could increase their independence from the emperor, seize church lands, and control the church in their territories.14
6010575876Which of the following reasons suggests why common people supported the Lutheran ReformationB) Lutheranism sanctioned money-making and other earthly pursuits more wholeheartedly than did traditional Catholicism.15
6010578393What was the church established by Henry VIII in EnglandD) Anglican16
6010578394The theological foundation of Jean Calvin's Protestantism wasC) predestination.17
6010581199What was the political impact of CalvinismD) Calvinists sought the participation of all believers in church administration, which encouraged the idea of a wider access to government.18
6010583350Which of the following areas was NOT successfully defended by the Catholic ReformationA) The Netherlands19
6010583351What new religious order was associated with the Catholic ReformationB) Jesuits20
6010585620The Edict of Nantes, issued in France in 1598A) granted tolerance to Protestants and helped end the French civil wars of religion.21
6010585621Which of the following was NOT a result of the Thirty Years WarB) The treaty that ended the war established Spain as the principal power of western Europe.22
6010587941The religious wars that followed the Protestant Reformation led generally toC) a limited acceptance of the idea of religious pluralism.23
6010598184Which of the following states fell back from European ascendancy following the religious warsB) Spain24
6010603868Which of the following statements most accurately describes a change in popular mentality as a result of the Protestant ReformationC) Protestants and Catholics considered the family in more positive terms, not simply as an institution necessary because of human lust.25
6010603869Which of the following was NOT typical of the commercial revolution of the 16th centuryD) Significant reduction in prices encouraging consumer spending26
6010603870The average Western peasant or artisan owned about how many times more "things" than his or her counterpart in southeastern EuropeB) Five27
6010606481Inflation and commercialization in the West produced a group of people without access to producing property called theC) proletariat.28
6010609613Which of the following was a Western response to the commercial revolution of the 16th century that was proletarian in outlookC) A wave of popular protests resulting in uprisings caused by social tensions29
6010609614Who used astronomical observation and mathematical calculation to disprove the Hellenistic belief that the Earth was the center of the universeB) Copernicus30
6010612615William Harvey was responsible for what discovery during the Scientific RevolutionD) The circular movement of blood in animals31
6010612616What was Isaac Newton's work published in 1687 that drew various theories together into a framework of natural lawsB) Principia32
6010612660Which of the following statements most accurately summarizes the view of DeistsA) While there may be a divinity, its role is only to set natural laws in motion.33
6010615497How did the Western view of science compare with that of other civilizationsC) The West was not alone in developing crucial scientific data, but its thinkers were the only ones to see science in broader philosophical terms as central to intellectual life.34
6010615498All of the following were typical of 16th century absolute monarchy EXCEPTD) the destruction of provincial councils.35
6010619015The monarch most associated with absolute monarchy wasD) Louis XIV of France.36
6010619016Which of the following descriptions most accurately defines mercantilismB) Mercantilism held that government should promote the internal economy in order to improve tax revenues and to limit imports from other nations.37
6010621654Besides France, where else did absolute monarchy develop during the period 1450 to 1750D) Prussia38
6010621655Which of the following states stood apart from the trend toward absolute monarchy in the 17th century and retained a parliamentary regimeB) Britain39
6010623939What monarch is associated with the establishment of enlightened despotism in Prussia in the middle of the 18th centuryD) Frederick the Great40
6010623940The aftermath of the Scientific Revolution spilled over into a new intellectual movement in the 18th century called theB) Enlightenment.41
6010626324Adam Smith's economic theory advocatedC) that governments avoid regulation in favor of the operation of individual initiative and market forces.42
6010626325Which of the following was NOT a basic principle of the EnlightenmentC) If people were not controlled, general social decline was inevitable.43
6010628059Which of the following changes associated with treatment of children was associated with the EnlightenmentA) Parents became more interested in freer movement and greater interaction for young children.44
6010628060How did agriculture change in the late 17th centuryD) New technology and better stock-breeding methods resulted in higher productivity.45
6010630710Which of the following statements most accurately describes the nature of manufacturing in the later 18th centuryC) The 18th century witnessed a rapid spread of household production of textiles and metal products, mostly by rural workers who alternated manufacturing with some agriculture.46
6010630711In 1733, John Kay of England introducedB) the flying shuttle to automate weaving.47
6010635590Which of the following statements concerning mid-18th-century Western society is most accurateA) Agricultural changes, commercialism, and manufacturing had combined to produce a rapidly growing population in the West.48
6010637926By 1750, the strands of commercial, cultural, and political changes in Europe had been combined to createA) an unstable political environment that would eventually regress backwards.49
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AP WORLD HISTORY HOMEWORK Flashcards

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10316425938Aristocracynobility; ruling class based on heredity and privilege0
10316429217BCEbefore the Common Era1
10316429671Bureaucracysystem of non-elected government officials2
10316432745CEthe Common Era3
10316433908Chronologyunderstanding based on the arrangement of events in time and the close study of dates4
10316437224Civilizationa complex form of human organization; a society defined by shared values and institutions5
10316440085Class structurethe organization of unequal social strata within a particular society6
10316442592Continuityuninterrupted pattern, something that goes on or repeats without essential change7
10316444401Culturebasic beliefs and assumptions, often also expressed in the arts8
10316446487Democracya government carried out by the people or representatives they have elected9
10316447830Demographythe characteristics of a human population, or the study of those characteristics10
10316452523Diplomacythe development of relationships among different governments11
10316454959Dynastya succession of rulers from one family; period of time defined by leadership of such succession12
10316456739Economysystem of production, distribution, and consumption of goods and/or services in a particular society or group of societies13
10316458655Empirethe domain ruled by an emperor or empress, often characterized by absolute power or authoritarian rule; sometimes involves territorial expansion14
10316461810Epidemicwidespread outbreak of infectious disease15
10316462804Evolutiongenetic changes or developments in population or societies over a period of time16
10316465065Exchangetrade or transfer of goods, services, and diseases within or among populations, cultures, or societies17
10316468624Governmentorganization or administration that is in charge of a political unit18
10316470232Imperialismpolicy of extending rule or authority over another country or region19
10316471444Kinship systemsystem of social relationships and often family characterizing a particular society20
10316473509Leisuretime spent away from work21
10316474198Merchantbusinessperson engaged in buying and/or selling of goods22
10316475077Migrationmovement of people from one country or world region to another23
10316476033Militaryof or relating to warfare; system developed within a society for carrying out warfare24
10316477750Missionarya person, religion, or philosophy aiming to convert others to a particular cause or belie system25
10316480145Nationgroup of people politically organized under a single government with explicit geographical boundaries, often claiming a distinctive culture and cultural coherence26
10376295764Nation-statepolitical unit comprised of an autonomous state, populated by people who tend to share common culture and history27
10376299395Nationalismdevotion to the interests and development of one's nation; often includes belief in the supremacy of one's nation over others28
10376301455Nomadperson or group of people with no defined home or territory; roaming lifestyle pattern, usually in a herding economy29
10376303637Patriarchysystem of social and/or familial organization based on the supremacy or centrality of the father or other males30
10376306513Peasantmember of a social class comprised of farmers usually tightly tied to village structures31
10376332677Periodizationthe system historians use to define change and a resultant coherent set of trends, dividing chronology into periods32
10376334138Racecharacterization of people based on inherited ethnic characteristics, often associated with skin color33
10376348977Regimepolitical organization governing a society; government and rulers34
10376358936Regiona specific geographical area35
10376360235Religionsystem of beliefs and rituals focused on ethics, a divine order, and the afterlife36
10376361007Revolutiondrastic and far-reaching change, can be used to refer to either political or social changes of great magnitudes revolution can also mean a violent uprising from below that seeks to alter political and social structures37
10376363997Sciencesystematic set of knowledge usually based on facts, truths or ideas that can be proven; usually focused on the workings of nature38
10376367248Secularnot related to religion nor spiritually39
10376369964Slaverybondage; human labor owned and controlled by other people usually without pay and sometimes characterized by inhumane treatment40
10376385215Societyenduring social group whose members have organized patterns of interaction through trade, culture, and/or poltics41
10376386699Statenation (or other political unit) or organized government42
10376387626Syncretismprocess in which beliefs or practice blend features from different groups or societies in contact43
10376389578Technologypratical application of science to industry, knowledge, or daily life44
10376390730Topographyshape or features or an area of the Earth's surface45
10376392022Tradecommercial exchange of goods and/or services46
10376400929Traditionlong-standing custom; inherited pattern of thought of behavior47
10376412824Tribea social divison or group of people, sometimes a family, who live or travel together48
10376414060Urbanrelating to a city or other area of dense population49
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AMSCO AP World History Chapter 15 Vocab Flashcards

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5662235317Henry IVSanctioned religious toleration of the Huguenots, French Calvanists, converted to Catholicism for the sake of solidifying his power. His rule saw increasing emphasis on national sovereignty.0
5662237252Henry VIIIA king of England in the early sixteenth century. With the support of his Parliament, Henry established himself as head of the Christian Church in England, in place of the pope, after the pope refused to allow his marriage to Catherine of Aragon to be dissolved. (1491-1547)1
5662237253Anne BoleynQueen of England from 1533 to 1536 as the second wife of King Henry VIII, and Marquess of Pembroke in her own right.2
5662242120Charles V, Holy Roman EmpireWas ruler of both the Spanish Empire from 1516 and the Holy Roman Empire from 1519, as well as of the Habsburg Netherlands from 1506.3
5662244970Philip IIKing of Spain and Portugal and husband of Mary I; he supported the Counter Reformation and sent the Spanish Armada to invade England (1527-1598) ... king of ancient Macedonia and father of Alexander the Great (382-336 BC)4
5662248470Queen Isabella and King FerdinandA king and queen of Spain in the late fifteenth and early sixteenth centuries. They united their country and sponsored the exploration of the New World by Christopher Columbus.5
5662248471James IKing of England (1603-1625) and of Scotland as James VI (1567-1625). The son of Mary Queen of Scots, he succeeded the heirless Elizabeth I as the first Stuart king of England.6
5662250914Charles IKing of England, Scotland, and Ireland (1625-1649). His power struggles with Parliament resulted in the English Civil War (1642-1648) in which Charles was defeated.7
5662250915Oliver CromwellWas an English military and political leader and later Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of England, Scotland, and Ireland. He was born into the middle gentry, albeit to a family descended from the sister of King Henry VIII's minister Thomas Cromwell.8
5662253383Charles IIKing of England, Scotland, and Ireland (1660-1685) who reigned during the Restoration, a period of expanding trade and colonization as well as strong opposition to Catholicism.9
5662253384James IIKing of England, Scotland, and Ireland (1685-1688). The last Stuart king to rule both England and Scotland, he was deposed by his Protestant daughter Mary (later, Mary II) and her husband, William of Orange.10
5662257505William and MaryRuled jointly after the Glorious Revolution of 1688 had expelled Mary's father, King James II.11
5662257506Jean BodinWas a French jurist and political philosopher, member of the Parlement of Paris and professor of law in Toulouse. He is best known for his theory of sovereignty; he was also an influential writer on demonology.12
5662262161Cardinal RichelieuWas the chief of government under King Louis XIII. He achieved two difficult goals in his career: establishing absolute monarchy in France and breaking the political power of the Huguenots, or French Protestants.13
5662264805Louis XIVRuled 1643-1715, King of France, his reign, the longest in French history, was characterized by a magnificent court, the expansion of French influence in Europe, and the establishment of overseas colonies.14
5662262162Prince Henry the NavigatorWas a Portuguese royal prince, soldier, and patron of explorers. Henry sent many sailing expeditions down Africa's west coast, but did not go on them himself.15
5662573750Thirty Years WarA war waged in the early seventeenth century that involved France, Spain, Sweden, Denmark, Austria, and numerous states of Germany. The causes of the war were rooted in national rivalries and in conflict between Roman Catholics and Protestants.16
5662579117War of the Spanish SuccessionA war (1701-14) fought by Austria, England, the Netherlands, and Prussia against France and Spain, arising from disputes about the succession in Spain after the death of Charles II of Spain.17
5662579118Maritime EmpiresA state with primarily maritime realms—an empire at sea (such as the Phoenician network of merchant cities) or a sea-borne empire.18
5662582964SepoysAn Indian soldier serving under British or other European orders.19
5662582965HuguenotsA French Protestant of the 16th-17th centuries. Largely Calvinist, the Huguenots suffered severe persecution at the hands of the Catholic majority, and many thousands emigrated from France.20
5662585647Clunaic ReformsWere a series of changes within medieval monasticism of the Western Church focused on restoring the traditional monastic life, encouraging art, and caring for the poor.21
5662588236SimonyThe buying or selling of ecclesiastical privileges, for example pardons or benefices.22
5662591439Reformed Church of ScotlandIs a Christian denomination. It is the original church of the Reformed Presbyterian tradition (commonly known as the RP's). The RPCS formed in 1690 when its members declined to be part of the establishment.23
5662593244Anglican ChurchThe Church of England and the churches in other nations that are in complete agreement with it as to doctrine and discipline and are in communion with the Archbishop of Canterbury.24
5662613359Johannes KeplerWas a German mathematician, astronomer, and astrologer.25
5662613360Francis BaconWas an English philosopher, statesman, scientist, jurist, orator, and author. He served both as Attorney General and as Lord Chancellor of England.26
5662616168GalileoItalian astronomer and mathematician who was the first to use a telescope to study the stars; demonstrated that different weights descend at the same rate; perfected the refracting telescope that enabled him to make many discoveries (1564-1642)27
5662616176Sir Isaac NewtonEnglish mathematician and physicist; remembered for developing the calculus and for his law of gravitation and his three laws of motion (1642-1727).28
5662620781MichaelangeloWas an Italian sculptor, painter, architect, and poet of the High Renaissance who exerted an unparalleled influence on the development of Western art.29
5662620798Leonardo da Vinci1452-1519. Italian painter, engineer, and scientist.30
5662624590John LockeA seventeenth-century English philosopher. Argued against the belief that human beings are born with certain ideas already in their minds. He claimed that, on the contrary, the mind is a tabula rasa (blank slate) until experience begins to "write" on it.31
5662658337Adam SmithIs one of the world's most famous economists. Modern capitalism owes its roots to him and his Wealth of Nations, which many consider the single most important economic work in history.32
5662706481Edict of NatesSigned probably on 30 April 1598 by King Henry IV of France, granted the Calvinist Protestants of France (also known as Huguenots) substantial rights in the nation, which was still considered essentially Catholic at the time.33
5662706507Peace of WestaphiliaWas a series of treaties that ended the Thirty Years' War over succession within the Holy Roman Empire as well as the Eighty Years' War between Holland and Spain for Dutch independence.34
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AP World History Chapter 24 Vocabulary Flashcards

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6132301533Muhammad Alileader of Egyptian modernization in the early nineteenth century0
6132305213Janissariesinfantry, originally of slave origin, armed with firearms and constitutioning the elite of the ottoman army from the fifteenth century until the corps was abolished in 19261
6132305214Serbiathe ottoman province in the Balkans that rose up against Janissary control in the early 1800s2
6132307705Tanzimatrestructuring reforms by the nineteenth century Ottoman rulers intended to move civil law away from the control of religious elites and make the military and the bureaucracy more efficient3
6132307706Crimean warconflict between the Russian and ottoman empires primarily in the Crimean peninsula4
6132326115Extraterritorialitythe right of foreign residents in a country to live under the laws of their native country and disregard the laws of the host country.5
6132328193SlavophilesRussian intellectuals in the early nineteenth century who favored resisting western European influences and taking pride in the traditional peasant values and institutions of the Slavic people6
6132330434Pan-Slavismmovement among Russian intellectuals in the second half of the nineteenth century of the nineteenth century to identify culturally and politically the Slavic peoples of eastern Europe.7
6132332561Decembrist RevoltAbortive attempt by army officers to take control of the Russian government upon the death of Tsar Alexander I in 18258
6132335202Opium WarWar between Britain and the Qing Empire that was, in the British view, occasioned by the Qing govenment's refusal to permit the importation of opium into its territories.9
6132335203bannermenHereditary military servants of Qing Empire, in large part descendants of people of various origins who had fought for the founders of the empire10
6132338459Treaty of Nakingthe treaty that concluded the opium war11
6132340512treaty portscities opened to foreign residents as a result of the forced treaties between the Qing Empire and foreign signatories12
6132344463most-favored-nation-statusA clause in a commercial treaty that awards to any later signatories all the privileges previously granted to the original signatories13
6132382741Taiping Rebelliona Christian-inspired rural rebellion that threatened to topple the Qing Empire14
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AP World History Chapter 12 Flashcards

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5589330797The Mongol way of life was ____________. (i.e. agricultural, hunting, ect.)Pastoral0
5589330798By whom was menial work in Mongol camps done?Slaves1
5589330799The Mongol leader, the khan, had his decisions ratified by who?A council2
5589824288What was one religion among the several or many that virtually all Mongols observed?shamanism3
5589824289As a means of continuing to spread the Mongol Empire, Genghis Khan used what 4 means to ​expand and control his territories?*Not "diplomatic negotiation"4
5589824290Where were the first Mongol conquests under Genghis Khan?china5
5589824291Which of the Mongol Khans conquered Rus' in 1236?Batu6
5589824292To maintain control of vast areas, the Mongols formed different khanates. The Golden Horde ​ruled over _________________.Russia7
5589849246In 1265, why did major divisions emerge between the Mongol khans?Many branches refused to accept Kublai as Great Khan8
5589893085After rejection by his family for the title of Great Khan, Khubilai formed what empire?The Yuan Empire9
5589893086List 4 contributing factors to Mongol military supremacy.*Not "enormous conscripted armies to outnumber their enemies"10
5590026487What effect did narratives such as Marco Polo's have on Europeans?ambition to find easier routes to Asia11
5590063124What was one of the most significant effects of Mongol trade routes?the spread of diseases including the plague12
5590063125The conflict between the Il-khans and the Golden Horde originated in ________ differences.religious differences13
5590140942In 1295, the Il-khan ruler Ghazan converted to which religion?Islam14
5590140943In an attempt to repel non-Muslims in the Il-Khan and Crimean/Caucauses areas, with whom ​did the Golden Horde formed an alliance?egyptian Mamluks15
5590140944Tax farming issale of tax-collecting contracts to small corporations.16
5590140945Apparently envisioning himself as a new Genghis Khan, this ruler attacked the Muslim sultanate of Delhi in 1398:Timur17
5590140946Why was there a cultural flowering in Iran, Afghanistan, and Central Asia under the ​Timurids?Iran and China shared artistic trends and political ideas.18
5590263904Who attempted to write the first world history?Rashid al-Din19
5590263905What were the scholar Nasir al-Din Tusi's most notable contributions?mathematical developments in algebra and trigonometry20
5590263906A significant transmission and sharing of scientific knowledge was found in the form of ​eclipse _______ and __________.predictions and tables21
5590263907List all the groups who have translated the significant scientific discoveries of Islamic ​scholars.a. Arabic scholars. b. Byzantine monks into Greek. c. Christian scholars in Spain. d. Indian scholars in Delhi. ANSWER: all of these.22
5590263908What economic problems did Russia see during the time of Mongol domination?a. overzealous tax collection by Russian princes b. the burden of taxation carried by the peasantry. c. the attempt to introduce paper money by the Mongols. d. direct exchange of goods rather than purchases in currency. Answer: All of these23
5590263909Who was the Russian prince who advocated cooperation with the Mongols to avoid ​destructive assimilation?Alexander Nevskii.24
5590358876Which Russian ruler was the first to use the term "tsar"?Ivan IV.25
5590358877Stephen Dushan took advantage of weakening Byzantine influence and proclaimed himself ​tsar of which 4 groups?the Serbs, Greeks, Bulgarians, and Albanians.26
5590358878Mongol armies often consisted of a ___________ force with Mongol leaders.multinational27
5590358879List 4 advancements the Europeans learned about from the Mongols• Movable type & bronze cannon • Gunpowder & high-temperature metallurgy • Coal mining & higher mathematics • Diplomatic passports *Not porcelain28
5590404698In 1453, the Ottomans conquered which important Christian city?Constantinople29
5590404699List 4 benefits of Mongol rule in the Yuan Empire.*Not " transition to tax farming instead of fixed rate method"30
5590460315Mongol rulers in China were increasingly influenced by the idea of a universal rulership ​model by religious leaders from where?Tibet31
5590460316What was the most lasting impact of the Mongols on China?The Mongols brought silk and porcelain production to China32
5590488114The Yuan tax administration relied on _______, ________, and ________ administrators.Persian, Arab, and Uighur33
5590488115Which group held the lowest social rank in Yuan China?Southern Chinese34
5590549559After the introduction of paper money in China caused economic instability, the Mongols ​restored a degree of economic stability by doing what?cutting off trade with Japan to stem the flow of copper exports35
5590549560What was one effect of the rise of cities in Yuan China?the increasing influence of Mandarin36
5590549561Reliance on provincial production of goods instead of urban centralization of production was ​termed __________ __________.cottage industry37
5590549562Which of the following is not one of the aspects of Mongol rule that created hardship and a sharp population decrease in China?Their insistence that the Chinese practice agriculture rather than trade38
5590549563In 1368, the Yuan Empire was overthrown and replaced by thec. Ming Empire.39
5590595788To demonstrate their rejection of the Mongols, what did the Ming emperors do?severed relations with the Middle East and Central Asia and closed the borders to foreigners.40
5590595789The emperor Yongle improved the imperial complex built by the Mongols called theForbidden City41
5590595790Because Mongols controlled access to the Silk Road after the overthrow of the Yuan, on ​what did the emperor Yongle put an emphasis?Trade by ships42
5590595791What was Zheng He's primary accomplishment?acquiring Ming tributary states.43
5590612269Why didn't Ming China develop seafaring for commercial and military gain?The Mongol threat from the north took priority over seafaring44
5590708850What was the primary reason for the slowdown of technology after Yongle's death?limitation of the mining industry by the Ming empire45
5590708851List 4 reasons for economic decline in China after the death of Yongle.• Decreased production of metal • Lack of commercial development • Reemphasis of the classic examination system, rather than commercialism • A switch to growing staple crops instead of commercial crops *Not "Resurgence of the bubonic plague"46
5590708852Water Margin and The Romance of the Three Kingdoms are examples of what?Ming literature.47
5590708853The Ming produced one of the most prized commercial products of Eurasia, which was ____.Porcelain48
5590708854List 4 areas (countries) which were under Mongol domination.a. Japan b. Korea c. China d. Vietnam e. Russia *Not "Japan"49
5590708855Which coastal area did the Mongols see as crucial to choke off the sea trade of their enemies?korea50
5590708856Which leading family in Korea became attached and loyal to the Mongols?Koryo family51
5590764347Two main areas of mechanized production in Yi Korea were in _______ and _______.cotton and moveable-type font52
5590764348What resulted in the rise of literacy in Korea?improved printing system and han'gul writing system53
5590764349Unlike in Ming China, the development of agriculture in the Yi kingdom was based on what ​cash crop?cotton54
5590764350What military techniques or innovations made the Yi military a formidable defensive force?Cannon w/ gunpowder-driven arrow launchers55
5590764351What prevented the Mongols from invading Japan?storm56
5590780282How did the threat of Mongol invasion affect Japan?Military gov. built coastal defenses, hoping to consolidate warrior class57
5590780283What does kamikaze mean?wind of the gods58
5590780284The ancestor of modern Vietnam was formed when Annam annexed ________.Champa59
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