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AP Language Terms Flashcards

10500558232	Allegory	A narrative in which the characters, behavior, and even the setting demonstrates multiple levels of meaning and significance. Often a universal symbol or a personified abstraction.	0
10500564030	Alliteration	The sequential repetition of a similar initial sound, usually applied to consonants, usually in closely proximate stressed syllables.	1
10500573490	Allusion	A literary, historical, religious, or mythological reference in a literary work.	2
10500584389	Anaphora	The regular repetition of the same words of phrases at the beginning of successive phrases or clauses.	3
10500594358	Antithesis	The juxtaposition of sharply contrasting ideas in balanced or parallel words, phrases, grammatical structure, or ideas	4
10500630041	Aphorism	A concise statement designed to make a point or illustrate a commonly held belief	5
10500648577	Appeals to...authority, emotion, logic	Rhetorical arguments in which the speaker claims to be an authority or expert in a field, or attempts to play upon the emotions, or appeals to the use of reason	6
10500654090	Apostrophe	An address or invocation to something inanimate	7
10500661966	Assonance	The repetition of identical or similar vowel sounds, usually in successive or proximate words	8
10500666385	Asyndeton	A syntactical structure in which conjunctions are omitted in a series, usually producing more rapid prose	9
10500673519	Attitude	The sense expressed by the tone of voice or the mood of a piece of writing; the author's feelings toward his or her subject, characters, events, or theme. It might even be his or her feelings for the reader	10
10500682602	Begging the question	An argumentative ploy where the arguer sidesteps the question of the conflict, evades or ignores the real question	11
10500685366	Canon	That which has been accepted as authentic	12
10500686853	Chiasmus	A figure of speech and generally a syntactical structure wherein the order of the terms in the first half of a parallel clause is reversed in the second	13
10500693614	Colloquial	A term identifying the diction of the common, ordinary folks, especially in a specific region or area	14

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AP Spanish Language and Culture -Essay Terminology Flashcards

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10658511219	a causa de	because of	0
10658511220	actualmente	presently	1
10658511221	ahora mismo	right now	2
10658511222	al considerar	upon consideration of	3
10658511223	al parecer	in my opinion	4
10658511224	a pesar de todo	in spite of everything	5
10658511225	claro	of course	6
10658511226	como	since	7
10658511227	de ninguna manera	by no means	8
10658511228	do todos modos	at any rate	9
10658511229	en cuanto a	regarding	10
10658511230	en vista de que	considering that	11
10658511231	hace poco	a short while ago	12
10658511232	hasta la fecha	until now	13
10658511233	hay que tomar en cuenta que	one must realize that	14
10658511234	hoy día	nowadays	15
10658511235	lo esencial es	what is essential is	16
10658511236	lo que importa es	what matters is	17
10658511237	sin duda	without a doubt	18
10658511238	sobre todo	above all	19
10658511239	además (de)	in addition	20
10658511240	a la misma vez	at the same time	21
10658511241	asimismo	likewise	22
10658511242	con respecto a	with respect to	23
10658511243	conforme a	according to	24
10658511244	constar que	to make know that	25
10658511245	de ahora en adelante	from now on	26
10658511246	el hecho	in fact	27
10658511247	el caso es	the fact is	28
10658511248	el hecho de que	the fact that	29
10658511249	es decir que	that is to say	30
10658511250	específicamente	specifically	31
10658511251	igualmente	equally	32
10658511252	las razones por las que	the reasons for which	33
10658511253	mientras tantos	in the meantime	34
10658511254	mientras	meanwhile	35
10658511255	o sea	that is to say	36
10658511256	para continuar	to continue	37
10658511257	para ejemplificar	to exemplify	38
10658511258	para ilustrar	to illustrate	39
10658511259	por añadidura	besides	40
10658511260	por eso	therefore	41
10658511261	principalmente	firstly	42
10658511262	para emezar	to begin	43
10658511263	al principio	at the beginning	44
10658511264	a partir de	beginning with	45
10658511265	como punto de partida	as a starting point	46
10658511266	en primer lugar	in the first place	47
10658511267	al contrario de	in contrast to	48
10658511268	abmos	both	49
10658511269	a pesar de que	despite	50
10658511270	aunque	although	51
10658511271	como	given that	52
10658511272	de la misma manera	in the same way	53
10658511273	de lo contrario	otherwise	54
10658511274	de otro modo	on the other hand	55
10658511275	en vez de	instead of	56
10658511276	es cada vez más	it is increasingly...	57
10658511277	no obstante	nevertheless	58
10658511278	por la mayor parte	for the most part	59
10658511279	por motivo que	for the reason that	60
10658511280	por un lado	on one hand	61
10658511281	sin embargo	however	62
10658511282	sino	but	63
10658511283	sino que	but rather	64
10658511284	tanto mejor	even better	65
10658511285	Ante esto	In light of this	66
10658511286	Al parecer	Seemingly	67
10658511287	Al considerar	Upon consideration of	68
10658511288	Así que	Thus	69
10658511289	Como consecuencia	As a consequence	70
10658511290	Como resultado	As a result of	71
10658511291	Debido a	Because of	72
10658511292	De manera que	So that	73
10658511293	En todo caso	In any case	74
10658511294	Por consiguiente	Consequently	75
10658511295	Por ese motivo	For this reason	76
10658511296	Por lo tanto	Hence	77
10658511297	Puesto que	As	78
10658511298	Resulta a	It turns out that	79
10658511299	Se debe tomar en cuenta	One must take into account	80
10658511300	Sigue que	It follows that	81
10658511301	Ya que	Now that	82
10658511302	A fin de cuentas	In the end	83
10658511303	Al fin	At last	84
10658511304	Al fin y al cabo	When all is said and done	85
10658511305	Ante todo	First of all	86
10658511306	De lo anterior, se ve que	From the above, it is clear that	87
10658511307	De todas formas	Anyway	88
10658511308	De todo esto se deduce que	From the above, we can deduce that	89
10658511309	De todos modos	At any rate	90
10658511310	En breve	Briefly	91
10658511311	En definitiva	Definitely	92
10658511312	En fin	In short	93
10658511313	En resumen	In summary	94
10658511314	En resumidas cuentas	In short	95
10658511315	En todo caso	In any case	96
10658511316	Finalmente	Finally	97
10658511317	Lo esencial es	What is essential is	98
10658511318	Mejor dicho	Rather	99
10658511319	Para terminar	To end	100
10658511320	Por último	Lastly	101
10658511321	Por siguiente	Thus	102
10658511322	Cordialmente	Cordially	103
10658511323	Estimida/o	Dear (formal)	104
10658511324	Querida/querido	Dear (informal)	105

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WCS AP Literature and Composition: Lit Terms 1 Flashcards

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7406577764	Allegory	A narrative in which the characters, behavior, and even the setting demonstrates multiple levels of meaning and significance. Often a universal symbol or a personified abstraction	0
7406577765	Alliteration	The sequential repetition of a similar initial sound, usually applied to consonants, usually in closely proximate stressed syllables	1
7406577766	Allusion	A literary, historical, religious, or mythological reference in a literary work	2
7406577767	Anaphora	The regular repetition of the same words or phrases at the beginning of successive phrases or clauses	3
7406577768	Antithesis	The juxtaposition of sharply contrasting ideas in balanced or parallel words, phrases, grammatical structure, or ideas	4
7406577769	Aphorism	A concise statement designed to make a point or illustrate a commonly held belief	5
7406577770	Appeals to... authority, emotion, logic	Rhetorical arguments in which the speaker claims to be an authority or expert in a field, or attempts to play upon the emotions, or appeals to the use of reason	6
7406577771	Apostrophe	An address or invocation to something inanimate	7
7406577772	Assonance	The repetition of identical or similar vowel sounds, usually in successive or proximate words	8
7406577773	Asyndeton	A syntactical structure in which conjunctions are omitted in a series, usually producing more rapid prose	9
7406577774	Attitude	The sense expressed by the tone of voice or the mood of a piece of writing; the author's feelings toward his or her subject, characters, events, or theme. It might even be his or her feelings for the reader	10
7406577775	Begging the question	An argumentative ploy where the arguer sidesteps the question or the conflict, evades or ignores the real question	11
7406577776	Canon	That which has been accepted as authentic	12
7406577777	Chiasmus	A figure of speech and generally a syntactical structure wherein the order of the terms in the first half of a parallel clause is reversed in the second	13

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AP Language Vocabulary Flashcards

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10785516808	Ad Hominem Argument	Latin for "to or against the person," this fallacy involves switching the argument from the issue at hand to the character of the other speaker	0
10785516809	Ad Populum (bandwagon appeal)	This fallacy occurs when evidence boils down to "everybody's doing it, so it must be a good thing to do."	1
10785516810	Allegory	The device of using character and/or story elements symbolically to represent an abstraction in addition to the literal meaning	2
10785516811	Allusion	A direct or indirect reference to something that is commonly known. Allusions can be historical, literary, religious, or mythical.	3
10785516812	Ambiguity	The multiple meanings of a word, phrase, sentence, or passage.	4
10785516813	Analogy	A similarity or relationship between two things. An analogy can explain something unfamiliar by associating it with something more familiar.	5
10785516814	antecedent	The word, phrase, or clause referred to by a pronoun	6
10785516815	Antithesis	A figure of speech that involves an opposition, or contrast, of ideas or words in a parallel construction.	7
10785516816	Appeal to False Authority	This fallacy occurs when someone who has no expertise on a subject is cited as an authority.	8
10785516817	Apostrophe	A figure of speech that directly addresses an absent or imaginary person or personified abstraction.	9
10785516818	Archaic Diction	Old-fashioned or outdated choice of words	10
10785516819	Asyndenton	Omission of conjunctions between coordinate phrases, clauses, or words.	11
10785516820	Attitude	A writer's position or emotion regarding the subject of the writing.	12
10785516821	Caricature	A representation in which the subject's features are deliberately exaggerated to produce a comic or grotesque effect.	13
10785516822	Concession	An acknowledgement that an opposing argument may be true or reasonable.	14
10785516823	Connotations	Meanings or associations that readers have with a word beyond its dictionary definition. Connotations are positive or negative.	15
10785516824	Context	The circumstances, atmosphere, attitudes, and events surrounding a text.	16
10785516825	Counterargument	An opposing argument to the one a writer is putting forward	17
10785516826	Chiasmus	A figure of speech based on inverted parallelism. It is a rhetorical figure in which two clauses are related to each other through a reversal of terms.	18
10785516827	Antimetabole	Repetition of words in reverse order. Antimetabole is a type of chiasmus, but not all chiasmus are a type of antimetabole.	19
10785516828	Colloquialism	Slang or informality in speech or writing	20
10785516829	Claim	Also called an assertion or a proposition, a claim states the argument's main idea or position. A claim differs from a topic or subject in that a claim has to be arguable.	21
10785516830	Claim of Fact	A claim of fact asserts that something is true or not true. Ex. Test scores accurately measure a student's success!	22
10785516831	Claim of Value	A claim of value argues that something is good or bad, right or wrong. Ex. Video games are corrupting today's youth.	23
10785516832	Claim of Policy	A claim of policy proposes a change. Ex. Legalize marijuana!	24
10785516833	Closed Thesis	A closed thesis is a statement of the main idea of the argument that also previews major points the writer intends to make. Ex. The three-dimensional characters, exciting plot, and complex themes of the Harry Potter series makes them legendary children's books.	25
10785516834	conceit	A fanciful expression, usually in the form of an extended metaphor or a surprising analogy between two dissimilar objects.	26
10785516835	Concrete detail	Specific details, facts, or examples used to support the main idea of a text.	27
10785516836	denotation	The strict, literal, dictionary definition of a word.	28
10785516837	diction	related to style, diction refers to the writer's word choices. Examples of diction include, formal or informal, ornate or plain.	29
10785516838	didactic	didactic works have the primary aim of teaching or instructing, especially teaching moral or ethical principals	30
10785516839	ethos	A speaker's expertise, knowledge, experience, sincerity, and common purpose with the audience are examples of how a speaker demonstrates they are credible and trustworthy.	31
10785516840	euphemism	a more agreeable or less offensive substitute for generally unpleasant words or concepts	32
10785516841	extended metaphor	a metaphor developed at great length	33
10785516842	homily	This term literally means, "sermon," but more informally, it can include any serious talk, speech, or lecture involving moral or spiritual advice.	34
10785516843	hyperbole	a figure of speech using deliberate exaggeration or overstatement	35
10785516844	imagery	the sensory details or figurative language used to describe, arouse emotion, or represent abstractions	36
10785516845	infer	to draw a reasonable conclusion from the information presented. Inferences are not directly stated.	37
10785516846	irony	the contrast between what is stated explicitly and what is really meant; the difference between what appears to be and what is actually true.	38
10785516847	juxtaposition	placing dissimilar items, descriptions, or ideas closely together or side by side, especially for comparison or contrast.	39
10785516848	logical fallacy	A mistake in verbal reasoning. The reasoning must be potentially deceptive.	40
10785516849	metaphor	A figure of speech using implied comparison of unlike things. Metaphorical language makes writing more vivid, imaginative, thought-provoking, and meaningful.	41
10785516850	mode of discourse: exposition	writing that intends to inform and demonstrate a point	42
10785516851	mode of discourse: narration	writing that tells a story or relates a series of events	43
10785516852	mode of discourse: description	writing that creates sensory images, often evoking a mood or atmosphere	44
10785516853	mode of discourse: argumentation	writing that takes a stand on an issue and supports it with evidence and logical reasoning	45
10785516854	onomatopoeia	a figure of speech in which natural sounds are imitated in the sound of words	46
10785516855	parallelism/parallel construction/parallel structure	the grammatical or rhetorical framing of words, phrases, sentences or paragraphs to give structural similarity	47
10785516856	parody	a work that closely imitates the style or content of another work with the specific aim of comic effect and/or ridicule	48
10785516857	pathos	a speaker's intent to inspire an emotional reaction in an audience	49
10785516858	personification	a figure of speech in which the author endows an inanimate object with human qualities or characteristics	50
10785516859	point of view--first person	The perspective from which a story is told. 1st person--tells the story with the pronoun "I" and is a character in the story.	51
10785516860	point of view--third person limited omniscient	Uses "he," "she," and "it." Limited omniscient--the narrator presents the feelings and thoughts of only one character	52
10785516861	prose	Prose refers to fiction and nonfiction. Prose is written in ordinary language and most closely resembles everyday speech.	53
10785516862	repetition	The duplication of any element of language, such as sound, word, phrase, sentence, or grammatical pattern.	54
10785516863	rhetoric	Greek for "orator" describes the principles governing the art of writing effectively, eloquently, and persuasively	55
10785516864	logos	employs logical reasoning, combining a clear idea with well-thought-out and appropriate examples and details	56
10785516865	rhetorical appeals	The persuasive device by which a writer tries to sway the audience's attention and response to a given work.	57
10785516866	oxymoron	a paradox made up of two seemingly contradictory words	58
10785516867	persona	the face or character that a speaker shows to his or her audience	59
10785516868	polemic	An aggressive argument that tries to establish the superiority of one opinion over all others. Ex. No concession to other arguments.	60
10785516869	polysyndeton	The deliberate use of multiple conjunctions between coordinate phrases, clauses, or words.	61
10785516870	propaganda	The spread of ideas and information to further a cause	62
10785516871	Qualifier	words used to temper a claim, making it less absolute Ex. usually, probably, maybe, in most cases, most likely	63
10785516872	scheme	artful syntax; a deviation from the normal order of words	64
10785516873	second-hand evidence	evidence that is accessed through research, reading, and investigation	65
10785516874	trope	artful diction; a figure of speech such as metaphor, simile, hyperbole, metonymy, or synecdoche	66
10785516875	metonymy	a figure of speech in which something is represented by another thing that is related to it or emblematic of it.	67
10785516876	synecdoche	figure of speech that uses a part to represent the whole. Ex. "All hands on deck!"	68
10785516877	Zeugma	The use of a word to modify two or more words when it is appropriate to use only one of them or is appropriate to use each but in a different way. Ex. "To wage war and peace" or "On his fishing trip he caught three trout and a cold."	69
10785516878	rhetorical question	a question that is asked merely for effect and does not expect a reply	70
10785516879	satire	a work that targets human vices and follies, or societal institutions and conventions for reform or ridicule	71
10785516880	simile	an explicit comparison, using "like" or "as"	72
10785516881	style	An evaluation of a sum of choices an author makes in blending diction, syntax, figurative language, and other literary devices.	73
10785516882	syllogism	A deductive system of formal logic that presents to premises--the first one called major and the second minor--that inevitably lead to a sound conclusion.	74
10785516883	symbol	An object, action, character, scene, or idea that represents something more abstract.	75
10785516884	syntax	the way an author chooses to join words into phrases, clauses, and sentences	76
10785516885	theme	the central idea or message of a work. Themes should be expressed in complete sentences by combining the topic with a verb. Ex. Forgiveness is earned through sacrifice.	77
10785516886	thesis	The thesis statement is the sentence or group of sentences that directly express the author's opinion, purpose, meaning or proposition.	78
10785516887	tone	tone describes the author's attitude toward his or her material, the audience, or both.	79
10785516888	mood	The dominant impression or emotional atmosphere evoked by a text. Ex. Mood is how "you" feel after reading a text.	80
10785516889	transition	a word or phrase that links different ideas or effectively signals a shift from one idea to another.	81
10785516890	rhetorical strategies	A global term that refers to all the strategies an author can use. Ex. structure, purpose, style	82
10785516891	begging the question	A fallacy in which a claim is based on evidence or support that is in doubt. It "begs" a question whether the support itself is sound.	83
10785516892	Either/Or (false dilemma)	In this fallacy, the speaker presents two extreme options as the only possible choices.	84
10785516893	First-hand evidence	Evidence based on something the writer knows, whether it's from personal experience or observations.	85
10785516894	Hasty generalization	A fallacy in which a faulty conclusion is reached because of inadequate information. Ex. Smoking isn't bad for you; my aunt smoked a pack a day and lived to be 90.	86
10785516895	Hortative Sentence	Sentence that exhorts, urges, entreats, implores, or calls to action. Ex. "Let both sides explore what problem unite us..."	87
10785516896	occasion	the time and place a speech is given or a piece is written	88
10785516897	open thesis	an open thesis is one that does not list all of the points the writer intends to cover in an essay. Ex. The popularity of the Harry Potter books demonstrates that both young and old readers value the fanciful world of wizardry.	89