| 7915153094 | essay | a short piece of writing on a particular subject. | | 0 |
| 7915153095 | rhetoric | the art of effective or persuasive speaking or writing, especially the use of figures of speech and other compositional techniques. | | 1 |
| 7915153096 | argument | a reason or set of reasons given with the aim of persuading others that an action or idea is right or wrong. | | 2 |
| 7915153097 | counter-argument | an argument or set of reasons put forward to oppose an idea or theory developed in another argument. | | 3 |
| 7915153098 | concession | the act or an instance of conceding (as by granting something as a right, accepting something as true, or acknowledging defeat) | | 4 |
| 7915153099 | context | the parts of a discourse that surround a word or passage and can throw light on its meaning | | 5 |
| 7915153100 | assumption | a fact or statement taken for granted | | 6 |
| 7915153101 | refutation | to prove wrong by argument or evidence | | 7 |
| 7915153102 | persuasion | to move by argument, entreaty, or expostulation to a belief, position, or course of action | | 8 |
| 7915153103 | subject (SOAPS) | The general topic, content, and ideas contained in the text | | 9 |
| 7915153104 | occasion or context (SOAPS) | The time, place, context, or current situation of the piece. | | 10 |
| 7915153105 | audience (SOAPS) | The group of readers to whom this piece is directed | | 11 |
| 7915153106 | purpose (SOAPS) | The reason behind the text | | 12 |
| 7915153107 | speaker or persona (SOAPS) | The voice which tells the story. | | 13 |
| 7915153108 | Aristotelian Triangle | |  | 14 |
| 7915153109 | analysis | a detailed examination of anything complex in order to understand its nature or to determine its essential features | | 15 |
| 7915153110 | an opinion vs. a position | Opinion: personally held belief, usually not backed up by solid evidence but by intellectual logic and emotional engagement.
Position: A claim backed by actually substantial evidence | | 16 |
| 7915153111 | Rogerian Argument | a negotiating strategy in which common goals are identified and opposing views are described as objectively as possible in an effort to establish common ground and reach agreement. | | 17 |
| 7915153112 | Claims of Fact | Non-negotiable statements that use factual, undeniable evidence to back up. | | 18 |
| 7915153113 | Claims of Value | Attempt to prove that some things are more or less desirable than others. | | 19 |
| 7915153114 | Claims of Policy | Asserts that specific plans or courses of action should be instituted as solutions to problems | | 20 |
| 7915153115 | Open Thesis | a general opinion and position that is taken on a topic without going into it specific details.
Ex: Pollution harms the environment | | 21 |
| 7915153116 | Closed Thesis | directly states what the topics in you paper are going to be.
Ex: Vanilla Ice Cream is the best kind of ice cream because it's you can add as many toppings as you want, it is a classic, and it tastes good. | | 22 |
| 7915153117 | Counter-Argument Thesis | considers a possible argument against the thesis or some aspect of your reasoning
Ex: Although the Harry Potter series may have some literary merit, its popularity has less to do with storytelling than with merchandising. | | 23 |
| 7915153118 | ethos | establishing authority; appeals to character or authority | | 24 |
| 7915153119 | logos | appeals to logic and reason | | 25 |
| 7915153120 | pathos | appeals to emotions | | 26 |
| 7915153121 | tone | the attitude of a writer toward a subject or an audience. | | 27 |
| 7915153122 | denotation | a direct specific meaning as distinct from an implied or associated idea | | 28 |
| 7915153123 | connotation | the suggesting of a meaning by a word apart from the thing it explicitly names or describes | | 29 |
| 7915153124 | narration | the act of telling a story | | 30 |
| 7915153125 | objective | not influenced by personal feelings | | 31 |
| 7915153126 | induction | a method of reasoning that moves from specific instances to a general conclusion | | 32 |
| 7915153127 | deduction | a method of reasoning from the general to the specific | | 33 |
| 7915153128 | style | the way a writer writes | | 34 |
| 7915153129 | diction | choice of words | | 35 |
| 7915153130 | syntax | the actual way in which words and sentences are placed together in the writing | | 36 |
| 7915153131 | metaphor | When one thing is used to represent another (but doesn't use like/as) | | 37 |
| 7915153132 | simile | When one thing is used to represent another (must use like/as) | | 38 |
| 7915153133 | personification | When an inhuman thing is given human-like qualities | | 39 |
| 7915153134 | hyperbole | extravagant exaggeration | | 40 |
| 7915153135 | aphorism | a statement of truth or opinion expressed in a concise and witty manner.
Ex: The simplest questions are the hardest to answer | | 41 |
| 7915153136 | juxtaposition | a literary technique in which two or more ideas, places, characters and their actions are placed side by side for the purpose of developing comparisons and contrasts | | 42 |
| 7915153137 | parallelism | the use of components in a sentence that are grammatically the same
Ex: Like father, like son | | 43 |
| 7915153138 | antithesis | a rhetorical device in which two opposite ideas are put together in a sentence to achieve a contrasting effect; literally means opposite
Ex: Patience is bitter, but it has a sweet fruit | | 44 |
| 7915153139 | oxymoron | figure of speech in which two opposite ideas are joined to create an effect
Ex: Original copies | | 45 |
| 7915153140 | metonymy | figure of speech that replaces the name of a thing with the name of something else with which it is closely associated
Ex: The White House is concerned about terrorism.
'The White House' refers to the people working there | | 46 |
| 7915153141 | anaphora | the deliberate repetition of the first part of the sentence in order to achieve an artistic effect
Ex: My life is my purpose. My life is my goal. My life is my inspiration. | | 47 |
| 7915153142 | rhetorical sentence (Question) | a question asked in order to create a dramatic effect or to make a point rather than to get an answer. | | 48 |
| 7915153143 | hortative sentence | a sentence that exhorts, urges, entreats, implores, or calls to action.
Ex: Just try it at least once! | | 49 |
| 7915153144 | imperative sentence | a sentence that gives a command
Ex: Do your homework. | | 50 |
| 7915153145 | cumulative sentence | a sentence in which the main idea (independent clause) is elaborated by the successive addition of modifying clauses or phrases.
Ex: I went to the movies yesterday, bought candy, and shopped at the mall. | | 51 |
| 7915153146 | periodic sentence | a sentence that has the main clause or predicate at the end.
Ex: In spite of heavy snow and cold temperatures, the game continued. | | 52 |
| 7915153147 | inversion | a literary technique in which the normal order of words is reversed in order to achieve a particular effect of emphasis or meter.
Ex: What a beautiful picture it is! | | 53 |
| 7915153148 | imagery | to use figurative language to represent objects, actions, and ideas in such a way that it appeals to our physical senses.
Ex: It was dark and dim in the forest. | | 54 |
| 7915153149 | allusion | a word or phrase designed to call something to mind, without mentioning that thing explicitly.
Ex: His opponent was looking for his Achilles' heel to beat him. | | 55 |
| 7915153150 | composition (visual) | the placement or arrangement of visual elements or ingredients in a work of art |  | 56 |
| 7915153151 | Toulmin Model | |  | 57 |
| 7915153152 | Logical Fallacies | an erroneous argument dependent upon an unsound or illogical contention | | 58 |
| 7915153153 | Assertion | superlative claim without evidence | | 59 |
| 7915153154 | Bandwagon | persuasive technique and a type of propaganda through which a writer persuades his readers, so that the majority could agree with the argument of the writer.
Ex: "Everybody's doing it, so it must be good!" | | 60 |
| 7915153155 | Straw Man | Substituting a person's actual position or argument with a distorted, exaggerated, or misrepresented version of the position of the argument.
Ex:
Zebedee: What is your view on the Christian God?
Mike: I don't believe in any gods, including the Christian one.
Zebedee: So you think that we are here by accident, and all this design in nature is pure chance, and the universe just created itself?
Mike: You got all that from me stating that I just don't believe in any gods? | | 61 |
| 7933495932 | sequence | the identification of the components of a story, such as the beginning, middle, and end, and also to the ability to retell the events within a given text in the order in which they occurred. | | 62 |
| 7933495933 | chronology | the arrangement of events or dates in the order of their occurrence. | | 63 |
| 7933495934 | subjective | Based on personal feelings. | | 64 |
| 7933495935 | Lesser of Two Evils Fallacy | Falsely assuming that there are only two options | | 65 |
| 7933495936 | Name Calling (Ad Hominem) Fallacy | An attack, or an insult, on the person, rather than directly addressing the person's reasons | | 66 |
| 7933495937 | Plain Folks Fallacy | When the speaker presents him or herself as an average Joe — a common person who can understand and empathize with a listener's concerns | | 67 |
| 7933495938 | Testimonial Fallacy | False Authorities incorrectly invoke the backing of well-known public figures to support a conclusion | | 68 |
| 7933495939 | Transfer Fallacy | falsely linking one thing to another authority | | 69 |
| 7933495940 | Card-stacking (selective omission) | when one seeks to manipulate audience perception of an issue by emphasizing one side and repressing another | | 70 |
| 7933495941 | Glittering Generalities | an emotionally appealing phrase so closely associated with highly valued concepts and beliefs that it carries conviction without supporting information or reason.
Ex: Glory | | 71 |
| 7956041148 | Synecdoche | a literary device in which a part of something represents the whole or it may use a whole to represent a part.
Ex: calling a car "wheels"; a part of a car "wheels" stands for the whole car. | | 72 |
| 7956069338 | Asyndeton | a stylistic device used to intentionally eliminate conjunctions between the phrases and in the sentence, yet maintain the grammatical accuracy.
Ex: "He eats, sleeps, drinks." | | 73 |
| 7962208008 | Post hoc ergo propter hoc Fallacy | false belief that because it happened before, therefore it will happen again | | 74 |
| 7962217872 | Circular Reasoning Fallacy | Using the claim to back up a claim
Ex: "it's great because it's great" | | 75 |
| 7962230751 | antimetabole | a literary term or device that involves repeating a phrase in reverse order.
Ex: "Eat to live, not live to eat." | | 76 |
| 7962238565 | zeugma | a figure of speech in which a word, usually a verb or an adjective, applies to more than one noun, blending together grammatically and logically different ideas.
Ex: "John lost his coat and his temper" | | 77 |
