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Flashcards

Vocab 7: AP Language: Semester 1 Flashcards

4833708989	intuitive	instinctive, untaught	0
4833708990	exasperation	irritation, frustration	1
4833709260	inevitable	unavoidable, certain	2
4833711132	provocative	inflammatory	3
4833711133	spurious	phony, false	4
4833711528	mundane	ordinary, common	5
4833711529	inconsequential	trivial	6
4833711530	tenacious	persistent, resolute	7
4833712051	opulent	wealthy, luxurious	8
4833712506	conformist	follower of customs	9

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AP World History Regions Flashcards

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7414255781	China	East Asia	0
7414257101	Japan	East Asia	1
7414257102	North Korea	East Asia	2
7414258031	South Korea	East Asia	3
7414259432	Chinese Dynasties	East Asia	4
7414259433	Japanese Shogunates	East Asia	5
7414260335	Vietnam	Southeast Asia	6
7414261247	Thailand	Southeast Asia	7
7414261270	Laos	Southeast Asia	8
7414262391	Cambodia	Southeast Asia	9
7414262392	Indonesia	Southeast Asia	10
7414263637	Malaysia	Southeast Asia	11
7414263651	Singapore	Southeast Asia	12
7414264669	Myanmar	Southeast Asia	13
7414264670	Brunei	Southeast Asia	14
7414266363	French Indochina	Southeast Asia	15
7414266364	Asian British Colonies	Southeast Asia	16
7414267336	Siam	Southeast Asia	17
7414267337	Angkor Kingdom	Southeast Asia	18
7414268500	Dutch East Indies	Southeast Asia	19
7414270030	India	South Asia	20
7414270031	Pakistan	South Asia	21
7414270844	Nepal	South Asia	22
7414271793	Bhutan	South Asia	23
7414273031	Bangladesh	South Asia	24
7414273032	Sri Lanka	South Asia	25
7414275327	British India	South Asia	26
7414275328	Egypt	Middle East and North Africa	27
7414276682	Saudi Arabia	Middle East and North Africa	28
7414277563	Morocco	Middle East and North Africa	29
7414277564	Israel	Middle East and North Africa	30
7414278741	Turkey	Middle East and North Africa	31
7414278742	Iran	Middle East and North Africa	32
7414278743	Iraq	Middle East and North Africa	33
7414280324	Afghanistan	Middle East and North Africa	34
7414283474	Syria	Middle East and North Africa	35
7414285469	Lebanon	Middle East and North Africa	36
7414285470	Libya	Middle East and North Africa	37
7414285471	Tunisia	Middle East and North Africa	38
7414286431	Algeria	Middle East and North Africa	39
7414286432	Jordan	Middle East and North Africa	40
7414286433	Kuwait	Middle East and North Africa	41
7414287571	Qatar	Middle East and North Africa	42
7414287572	United Arab Emirates	Middle East and North Africa	43
7414288751	Yemen	Middle East and North Africa	44
7414288752	Cyprus	Middle East and North Africa	45
7414305909	Muslim Caliphates	Middle East and North Africa	46
7414308708	Nile Valley	Middle East and North Africa	47
7414308709	Mesopotamia	Middle East and North Africa	48
7414309642	Sumer	Middle East and North Africa	49
7414309643	Kush	Middle East and North Africa	50
7414309644	Hebrew Kingdoms	Middle East and North Africa	51
7414329498	Ottoman Empire (E)	Middle East and North Africa	52
7414329499	Persia	Middle East and North Africa	53
7414290364	Russia	Central Asia	54
7414291175	Mongolia	Central Asia	55
7414291176	Georgia	Central Asia	56
7414292065	Nomad Territories	Central Asia	57
7414293797	Duchies of Kiev	Central Asia	58
7414294571	Moscovy	Central Asia	59
7414295719	Mongol Khanates	Central Asia	60
7414333374	Nigeria	Sub-Saharan Africa	61
7414334452	Somalia	Sub-Saharan Africa	62
7414335495	Congo	Sub-Saharan Africa	63
7414335496	Kenya	Sub-Saharan Africa	64
7414335497	South Africa	Sub-Saharan Africa	65
7414336740	Zimbabwe	Sub-Saharan Africa	66
7414410979	Ghana	Sub-Saharan Africa	67
7414412108	Rwanda	Sub-Saharan Africa	68
7414414233	Mali	Sub-Saharan Africa	69
7414455724	Swahili City-States	Sub-Saharan Africa	70
7414457013	European Colonies (E)	Sub-Saharan Africa	71
7414458076	Axum	Sub-Saharan Africa	72
7414458077	Transvaal	Sub-Saharan Africa	73
7414416664	Poland	Eastern Europe	74
7414417582	Slovakia	Eastern Europe	75
7414419154	Czech Republic	Eastern Europe	76
7414419155	Lithuania	Eastern Europe	77
7414419190	Romania	Eastern Europe	78
7414420047	Bulgaria	Eastern Europe	79
7414420048	Greece	Eastern Europe	80
7414420958	Serbia	Eastern Europe	81
7414420959	Croatia	Eastern Europe	82
7414421678	Kosovo	Eastern Europe	83
7414421679	Hungary	Eastern Europe	84
7414422729	Latvia	Eastern Europe	85
7414423666	Estonia	Eastern Europe	86
7414424345	Partitions of Poland	Eastern Europe	87
7414424374	Austria-Hungary	Eastern Europe	88
7414425088	Soviet Satellite Countries (Eastern Bloc)	Eastern Europe	89
7414428716	Czechoslovakia	Eastern Europe	90
7414428717	Yugoslavia	Eastern Europe	91
7414433364	Ottoman Empire (W)	Eastern Europe	92
7414438443	Greek City-States	Eastern Europe	93
7414438444	United Kingdom	Western Europe	94
7414440230	Ireland	Western Europe	95
7414440231	France	Western Europe	96
7414440232	Spain	Western Europe	97
7414440911	Portugal	Western Europe	98
7414440912	Italy	Western Europe	99
7414440913	Germany	Western Europe	100
7414442181	Austria	Western Europe	101
7414442182	Switzerland	Western Europe	102
7414442183	Sweden	Western Europe	103
7414442937	Denmark	Western Europe	104
7414442938	Netherlands	Western Europe	105
7414442939	Belgium	Western Europe	106
7414444064	Roman Empire	Western Europe	107
7414444065	Holy Roman Empire	Western Europe	108
7414445009	Gaul	Western Europe	109
7414445010	Aragon	Western Europe	110
7414445011	Castile	Western Europe	111
7414445982	Papal States	Western Europe	112
7414445983	Prussia	Western Europe	113
7414447792	Anschluss	Western Europe	114
7414451723	European Union	Western Europe	115
7414451724	Canada	North America	116
7414452657	United States	North America	117
7414452658	Mexico (N)	North America	118
7414453642	European Colonies (W)	North America	119
7414467140	Mexico (S)	Latin America	120
7414468965	Panama	Latin America	121
7414469789	Cuba	Latin America	122
7414469790	Brazil	Latin America	123
7414470805	Argentina	Latin America	124
7414470806	Chile	Latin America	125
7414470807	Peru	Latin America	126
7414471549	Colombia	Latin America	127
7414471550	Guatemala	Latin America	128
7414471551	Costa Rica	Latin America	129
7414479666	Paraguay	Latin America	130
7414488230	Venezuela	Latin America	131
7414488231	Olmec	Latin America	132
7414488232	Maya	Latin America	133
7414488913	Aztec	Latin America	134
7414488914	Inca	Latin America	135
7414489802	Native tribal lands	Latin America	136
7414491686	European Colonies (SA)	Latin America	137
7414491687	Australia	Oceania	138
7414492533	New Zealand	Oceania	139
7414500238	Papua New Guinea	Oceania	140
7414500239	European Colonies (PO)	Oceania	141

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AP World History- Period 6 Flashcards

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6808600672	African National Congress	ANC; South African political party formed in 1912; strongly opposed to apartheid	0
6808600674	Ayatollah Ruholla Khomeini	lived from 1900 to 1989; religious leader of the Islamic Republic of Iran	1
6808600675	Big Bang theory	theory which suggests that at some moment all matter in the universe was contained in a single point, which is considered the beginning of the universe	2
6808600676	Vladimir Lenin	born Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov; lived from 1870 to 1924; the leader of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic and premier of the Soviet Union	3
6808600677	Central Powers	one of the two warring factions in World War I; composed of Germany, Austria-Hungary, the Ottoman Empire and Bulgaria; also known as the Quadruple Alliance	4
6808600678	Charles de Gaulle	lived from 1890 to 1970; French general and statesman who led French forces in World War II; served as the president of France from 1959 to 1969	5
6808600679	Che Guevara	lived from 1928 to 1967; Argentine marxist revolutionary who was a major figure in the Cuban Revolution	6
6808600680	Chiang Kai-shek	lived from 1887 to 1975; Chinese military officer who was leader of the Guomindang; fled to Taiwan after the Chinese Communist Party came to power in China	7
6808600681	Chinese Revolution	prolonged communist movement in China and lasted from 1946 to 1950; resulted in the communist takeover of mainland China	8
6808600682	Cold War	a sustained state of political and military tension between members of NATO and members of the Warsaw Pact; dissolution of the Soviet Union was the end of this "conflict"	9
6808600683	collectivization	also known as collective farming and communal farming; system in which the holdings of several farmers are run collectively as a unit; imposed by the government in the Soviet Union	10
6808600684	command economy	a.k.a planned economy; the economic system in which decisions regarding production and investment are embodied in a plan formulated by a central authority, usually by a public body such as a government agency	11
6808600685	containment	the United States policy to prevent the spread of communism abroad during the Cold War; a response to a series of moves by the Soviet Union to enlarge communist influence in Eastern Europe, China, Korea, Africa, and Vietnam	12
6808600686	Cuban missile crisis	a 13-day confrontation in October 1962 between the Soviet Union and the United States; Soviet missiles moved to Cuban soil in an agreement by Fidel Castro and Nikita Khrushchev; U.S. responds by blockading Cuba; Khrushchev and U.S. President John F. Kennedy reach an agreement in which the Soviets would remove their missiles from Cuba in return for an American promise not to invade Cuba	13
6808600687	cultural imperialism	the practice of promoting or imposing one's culture on another, usually between powerful societies and less-powerful ones	14
6808600688	Cultural Revolution	also known as the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution; launched by Mao in the late 1960's; aimed to combat the capitalist tendencies he believed had penetrated even the highest ranks of the communist party itself; involved new policies to bring health care and education to the countryside and reinvigorate earlier efforts at rural industrialization under local control	15
6808600689	decolonization	the process of the dissolution of colonial territories and the establishment of independent nations	16
6808600690	Deng Xiaoping	lived from 1904 to 1997; successor to Mao Zedong; reformist who sought to incorporate The People's Republic of China into the world economy; dismantled collectivized farming, state enterprises given greater authority, welcomed foreign investment; crushed democracy movement in Beijing's Tiananmen Square	17
6808600691	environmentalism	ideology which regards the environmental concerns	18
6808600692	European Economic Community	EEC; also known as the Common Market; founded in 1957; originally consisted of Italy, France, West Germany, Belgium, the Netherlands, and Luxembourg; expanded membership to almost all of Europe, including former communist states; renamed the European Union in 1994	19
6808600693	Fascism	political ideology which was intensely nationalistic; celebrated action and placed faith in charismatic leaders; and condemned individualism, liberalism, feminism, parliamentary democracy, and communism; adopted by Italy, Germany, and Japan in the years following World War I	20
6808600694	Five Year Plan	a planned economy in which a committee came together to determine rations	21
6808600695	fundamentalism	ideology which demands strict adherence to orthodox theological doctrines	22
6808600696	Gamel Abdel Nasser	lived from 1918 to 1970; second President of Egypt from 1956 to 1970; planned the overthrow of the monarchy and sought to nationalize the Suez Canal 1. forsake constitutional government --> militarism 2. strike for the fountainhead of Pan-Arab Nationalism 3. internationalism - akin to Nehru's nonalignment policy - cold war power --> new imperialism 4. extract military and economic assitence	23
6808600697	UN General Assembly	one of the six principal organs of the United Nations and the only one in which all member nations have equal representation; oversee the budget of the United Nations, appoint the non-permanent members to the Security Council, receive reports from other parts of the United Nations and make recommendations in the form of General Assembly Resolutions	24
6808600698	genocide	the systematic destruction of all or part of a racial, ethnic, religious or national group	25
6808600699	Getulio Vargas	lived from 1882 to 1954; ruled Brazil from 1930 to 1945; discrediting of established export elites during the Great Depression leads to his dictatorship; supported the military; took steps to modernize Brazil's urban industrial sector	26
6808600700	global warming	term which refers to the continuing rise in the average temperature of Earth's climate system; viewed as a result of human emissions of greenhouse gases	27
6808600701	globalization of democracy	the spread of democracy throughout the world	28
6808600702	Great Depression	economic depression as a result of the crash of the American stock market; lasted from 1929 until World War II; causes drop in world trade, loss of investment, and businesses unable to make profit; countries or colonies tied to exporting one or two products hardhit as the West consumed less; conditions resulting in the Great Depression led to widespread unemployment and social tensions	29
6808600703	Great Leap Forward	lasted from 1958 to 1960; marked Mao's response to distortions of Chinese socialism; promoted smallscale industrialization in rural areas; tried to foster widespread and practical technological education for all rather than relying on a small elite of highly trained technical experts; envisioned an immediate transition to full communism in the "people's communes" rather than waiting for industrial development to provide the material basis for that transition; massive famine which followed temporarily discredited Mao's radicalism	30
6808600704	Great Purges	also known as the Terror; period of immense paranoia in the Soviet Union of the late 1930's in which communist members accused each other being corrupted by capitalist ideals; enveloped tens of thousands of prominent communists, including all of Lenin's top associates, and millions more of ordinary peoples; based on suspicious associations in the past, denunciations by colleagues, connections to foreign countries, or bad luck; such people were arrested in the middle of the night, then tried and sentenced to either death or long harsh years in remote labor camps known as gulags; close to 1 million peoples executed between 1936 and 1941; additional 4 to 5 million people sent to the gulag, where they were forced to work in horrendous conditions and died in appalling numbers	31
6808600705	Green Revolution	a series of research, and development, and technology transfer initiatives, occurring between the 1940s and the late 1960s, that increased agriculture production worldwide, particularly in the developing world 1. India under Indira Gandhi	32
6808600706	Adolf Hitler	lived from 1889 to 1945; leader of the Nazi party in Germany; chancellor of Germany from 1933 to 1945; dictator of Nazi Germany from 1934 to 1945	33
6808600707	Ho Chi Minh	lived from 1890 to 1969; Vietnamese communist revolutionary leader; was prime minister (from 1945 to 1955) and president (from 1945 to 1969) of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam League for the Independence of Vietnam 1. independence 2. nationalism	34
6808600708	Holocaust	the mass murder of approximately six million Jews during World War II; a program of systematic state-sponsored murder by Nazi Germany; led by Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party	35
6808600709	International Monetary Fund	IMF; established in 1944 by the Bretton Woods Conference in New Hampshire; sought to promote market economies, free trade, and high growth rates	36
6808600710	Indian National Congress	INC; organization established in 1885; gave expression to the idea of India as a single nation; played a major role in India's independence movement from British colonial rule	37
6808600711	Iranian Cultural Revolution	lasted from 1980 to 198; a period following the Iranian Revolution where intellectuals of Iran were purged of Western and non-Islamic influences to bring it in line with Shia Islam; closed universities between 1980 and 1983, banned many books, and purged thousands of students and lecturers from schools	38
6808600712	iron curtain	the heavily fortified border between Eastern and Western Europe	39
6808600713	Islamic renewal/ Islamism	also referred to as Islamic revival; refers to a renewing of the Islamic religion throughout the Islamic world, that began roughly sometime in 1970s; sought greater religious piety and a growing adoption of Islamic culture; rigorous enforcement of the sharia	40
6808600714	Jawaharlal Nehru	lived from 1889 to 1964; first Prime Minister of India and was a leading figure in the independence movement against British rule over India	41
6808600715	League of Arab States	a regional organization of Arab countries in and around North Africa, the Horn of Africa, and Southwest Asia; formed in Cairo in 1945 with six members: Egypt, Iraq, Transjordan (Jordan), Lebanon, Saudi Arabia and Syria; currently has 22 members	42
6808600716	League of Nations	international peacekeeping organization founded as a result of the First World World; proposed by US president Woodrow Wilson; committed to the principle of "collective security" and intended to avoid the repetition of war	43
6808600717	Mahatma Gandhi	lived from 1869 to 1948; leader of the Indian nationalist movement during British control over India; used nonviolent civil disobedience, such as hunger strikes	44
6808600718	Mao Zedong	lived from 1893 to 1976; Chinese communist revolutionary and leader of the People's Republic of China from its establishment 1949 to his death in 1976	45
6808600719	Marshall Plan	plan which sought to rebuild and reshape devastated European economies; funneled Europe some $12 billion with numerous advisers and technicians; motivated by combination of humanitarian concern, a desire to prevent a new depression by creating overseas customers for American goods, and interest in undermining the growing appeal of European communist parties; required European nations to cooperate with one another	46
6808600720	Mikhail Gorbachev	born in 1931; last general secretary of the Soviet Union (1985 to 1991); passed reforms such as perestroika and policies such as glasnost which led to the dissolution of the Soviet Union	47
6808600721	military-industrial complex	the policy and monetary relationships which exist between legislators, national armed forces, and the military industrial base that supports them; include political contributions, political approval for military spending, lobbying to support bureaucracies, and oversight of the industry; most often used in reference to the system behind the military of the United States	48
6808600722	Muhammad Ali Jinnah	lived from 1876 to 1948; founder of Pakistan and the leader of the All-India Muslim League until Pakistan's independence	49
6808600723	Munich Conference	a conference in Munich which permitted Nazi Germany's annexation of portions of Czechoslovakia along German borders mainly inhabited by German speakers; territory now known as "Sudetenland"; widely regarded as a failed act of appeasement toward Germany; agreement was signed in the early hours of 30 September 1938; agreement was signed by Germany, France, the United Kingdom, and Italy; Czechoslovakia not invited to the conference	50
6808600724	Benito Mussolini	lived from 1883 to 1945; leader of the Italian National Fascist Party; prime minister of Italy from 1922 to 1943	51
6808600725	Mustafa Kemal Ataturk	lived from 1881 to 1938; founder and the first President of the Republic of Turkey; passed a series of reforms to transform the former Ottoman Empire into a modern, secular, and democratic nation	52
6808600726	North American Free Trade Agreement	NAFTA; regional alliance founded in 1993 and consists of Canada, Mexico, and the United States; the world's second largest free-trade zone	53
6808600727	North Atlantic Treaty Organization	NATO; a military alliance based on the North Atlantic Treaty which was signed in 1949; alliance in which its member states agree to mutual defense in response to an attack by any external party; consists of 28 member states across North America and Europe	54
6808600728	Nazi Germany	a.k.a the Third Reich; lasted from 1933 to 1945; Germany under the leadership of Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party	55
6808600729	Nelson Mandela	lived from 1918 to 2013; South African anti-apartheid revolutionary and politician; President of South Africa from 1994 to 1999; served as President of the African National Congress from 1991 to 1997	56
6808600730	New Deal	a series of reforms proposed by United States President Woodrow Wilson; lasted from 1933 to 1942; experimental combination of reforms seeking to restart economic growth and prevent similar failures in the future; reflected the thinking of British economist John Maynard Keynes; argued that government actions and spending programs could moderate recessions and depressions; consisted of immediate programs of public spending (for dams, highways, bridges, and parks) and long-term reforms, such as the Social Security system, minimum wage, and various relief and welfare programs	57
6808600731	non-governmental organization	NGO; an organization that is neither a part of a government nor a conventional for-profit business	58
6808600732	Nikita Khrushchev	lived from 1894 to 1971; leader of the Soviet Union from 1953 to 1964; responsible for the de-Stalinization of the Soviet Union and backing of the Soviet space program	59
6808600733	Osama bin Laden	lived from 1957 to 2011; Islamic militant who was the leader of the terrorist group al-Qaeda; mastermind behind the 9/11 attacks; played a key role in the US-backed effort to aid mujahideen who fought Soviet forces in Afghanistan	60
6808600734	al-Qaeda	"the base"; terrorist organization formerly headed by Osama bin Laden; behind the 9/11 attacks	61
6808600735	Palestinian Liberation Organization	PLO; an organization founded in 1964 with the purpose of creating an independent State of Palestine	62
6808600736	Pan-Arabism	an ideology proposing the unification of the countries of North Africa and West Asia from the Atlantic Ocean to the Arabian Sea, referred to as the Arab World Sparked by support for Arabs in Palestine after gaining support for their freedom	63
6808600737	Pan-Africanism	an ideology which encourages the unity of Africans worldwide	64
6808600738	HIV/AIDS epidemic	epidemic which was first discovered in 1981 among homosexual men and intravenous drug users in New York and San Francisco; eventually became widespread around the world, particularly sub-Saharan Africa; virus attacks and destroys the immune system, which causes a fatal disorder in the immune system; spread through sexual contact with an infected person, contact with contaminated blood, and transmission from mother to child during pregnancy and breastfeeding	65
6808600739	ebola epidemic	an epidemic caused by the Ebola virus; symptoms include fever, throat and muscle pains, headaches, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea, and decreased functioning of the liver and kidneys; an 2014 outbreak in West Africa has led to a reported 142 deaths	66
6808600740	influenza epidemic	an epidemic caused by the H1N1 influenza virus; lasted from 1918 to 1920; resulted in 50 to 100 million deaths, ranking it one of the most deadliest natural disasters in human history	67
6808600741	perestroika	an economic program launched by Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev which freed state enterprises from government regulation, permitted small-scale private businesses, offered opportunities for private farming, and welcomed foreign investment in joint enterprises	68
6808600742	glasnost	a Soviet policy established by Mikhail Gorbachev which permitted cultural and intellectual freedoms	69
6808600743	post-modernism	a late 20th Century movement in the arts, architecture, and criticism; includes skeptical interpretations of culture, literature, art, philosophy, history, economics, architecture, fiction, and literary criticism	70
6808600744	Potsdam Conference	a conference which was held from July 17 to August 2, 1945; participants include the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, and the United States; gathered to decide how to punish Nazi Germany, sought to establish a post-war order, address peace treaty issues, and counter the effects of World War II	71
6808600745	Prague Spring	a period of political liberalization in Czechoslovakia during the era of Soviet domination; began on January 5, 1968, when reformist Alexander Dubček was elected First Secretary of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia, and continued until August 21 when the Soviet Union and other members of the Warsaw Pact invaded the country to halt the reforms	72
6808600746	1917 Russian Revolution	a collective term for the series of revolutions in 1917 which ousted Tsar Nicholas II and the tsarist autocracy and replaced it with the communist Bolshiveks	73
6808600747	second-wave feminism	a period of feminist activity that first began in the United States in the early 1960s and eventually spread throughout the Western world; later became a worldwide movement that was strong in Europe and parts of Asia, such as Turkey and Israel; focused on sexuality, family, the workplace, reproductive rights, and various legal and de facto inequalities	74
6808600748	UN Security Council	one of the six principal organs of the United Nations; in charge of the maintenance of international peace and security; this body is able to establish peacekeeping operations, establish international sanctions, and authorize military action through resolutions; the only UN body with the authority to issue binding resolutions to member states	75
6808600749	space race	lasted from 1955 to 1972; a competition between the Soviet Union and the United States for supremacy in spaceflight capability; pioneered advancements such as artificial satellites, as well as manned and unmanned missions into outer space	76
6808600750	sphere of influence	a concept in which a state or organization has a level of cultural, economic, military, or political exclusivity, accommodating to the interests of powers outside the sphere; examples include European "semi-colony" of China	77
6808600751	Joseph Stalin	lived from 1878 to 1953; the leader of the Soviet Union from 1922 to 1952; implemented a highly centralized command economy, which resulted in the transformation of Russian society from agrarian to industrialized; imprisoned millions in labor camps and deported many to remote areas; issued the Great Purges, in which hundreds of thousands, including many prominent communists, were executed	78
6808600752	theory of relativity	theory which is composed of special relativity and general relativity; proposed by Albert Einstein; proposes that measurements of various quantities are relative to the velocities of observers, space and time should be considered together and in relation to each other (Spacetime), and the speed of light is constant	79
6808600753	Third World	term which describes the countries that did not align with the Soviet Union or the United States	80
6808600754	total war	war which requires the mobilization of each country's entire populations	81
6808600755	transnational corporations	a.k.a multi-national corporation; an organization that owns or controls production or services facilities in one or more countries other than its home country	82
6808600756	Treaty of Versailles	treaty which formally concluded the World War I in 1919; established the conditions for a World War II; Germany losses colonial empire and 15% of its European territory, required to pay heavy reparations to the winners, had its military forces severely restricted, and had to accept sole responsibility for the war; immense German resentment created from the treaty	83
6808600757	trench warfare	type of warfare using occupied fighting lines consisting largely of trenches, in which troops are significantly protected from the enemy's small arms fire and are substantially sheltered from artillery; resulted in enormous casualties while gaining or losing a few yards of ground during World War I	84
6808600758	Truman Doctrine	an international relations policy set by the U.S. President Harry Truman in a speech on March 12, 1947; stated that the U.S. would support Greece and Turkey with economic and military aid to prevent them from falling into the Soviet sphere; often referred to as the beginning of the US policy of containment	85
6808600759	United Nations	organization established in 1945 as a successor to the League of Nations; attempts to find solutions to global problems and deal with virtually any matter of concern to humanity	86
6808600760	Vietnam War	war which occurred in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1956 to 1975; U.S. entered the war to prevent South Vietnam from becoming communist, as a result of its containment policy; Soviet Union backed Northern Vietnamese forces in an attempt to spread communism to Southeast Asia; resulted in the unification of Vietnam under a communist government and the spread of communism to Cambodia and Laos	87
6808600761	Weimar Republic	the federal republic and semi-presidential representative democracy established in 1919 in Germany to replace the imperial form of government after World War I; lasted until the Nazi Party rose to power in 1933; faced numerous problems, including hyperinflation, political extremists and continuing contentious relationships with the victors of World War I	88
6808600762	Winston Churchill	lived from 1874 to 1965; British politician; Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1940 to 1945 and from 1951 to 1955	89
6808600763	weapon of mass destruction	WMD; a weapon which has the capability to kill large numbers of people and decimate large swaths of land	90
6808600764	Woodrow Wilson	lived from 1856 to 1924; 28th President of the United States (1913-1921); leader of the Progressive Movement; famous for his Fourteen Points, which sought to avoid another worldwide conflict	91
6808600765	Fourteen Points	a statement given on January 8, 1918 by United States President Woodrow Wilson declaring that World War I was being fought for a moral cause and called for postwar peace in Europe	92
6808600766	World Bank	a United Nations international financial institution that provides loans to developing countries for capital programs; its primary goal is to reduce poverty	93
6808600767	World War I	war which lasted from 1914 to 1918; also known as the Great War; pitted the Allies (United Kingdom, France, Russia, Italy, Japan, and the United States) and the Central Powers (Germany, Austria-Hungary, the Ottoman Empire, and Bulgaria); resulted in an Allied victory and Treaty of Versailles, which set the stage for another world war	94
6808600768	World War II	war which lasted from 1939 to 1945; pitted the Allied Powers (Soviet Union, United Kingdom, United States, China and France) against the Axis Powers (Germany, Japan, and Italy); resulted in an Allied victory, the creation of the United Nations, and set the stage for the Cold War	95
6808600769	World Trade Organization	WTO; established in 1994 by the 123 members of GATT; took over GATT activities in 1995; developed into a forum for settling international trade disputes	96
6808600770	Yalta Conference	conference which lasted from February 4 to February 11, 1945; meeting attended by President Franklin D. Roosevelt, Prime Minister Winston Churchill and Premier Joseph Stalin for the purpose of discussing Europe's post-war reorganization; convened in the Livadia Palace near Yalta in Crimea	97
6808600771	Zionist Movement	the national movement of Jews and Jewish culture that supports the creation of a Jewish homeland in the territory defined as the Land of Israel the Holocaust and the British policy of limiting Jewish migration to Palestine after the war USSR and US supported	98
6808600772	Brazilian Solution	Combination of dictatorship, violent repression, and gov't promotion of industrialization in South American countries	99
6808600773	Universal Declaration of Human Rights	A 1946 United Nations covenant binding signatory nations to the observance of specified rights.	100
6808600774	nongovernmental organizations	Organizations that are not established or associated with any specific organizations. They may be recognized, however, they run on their own. Examples are Green Peace and Amnesty International.	101
6808600775	Tiananmen Square	Site in Beijing where Chinese students and workers gathered to demand greater political openness in 1989. The demonstration was crushed by Chinese military with great loss of life.	102
6808600776	keiretsu	Japanese business groups after the post-WWII dismantling of the zaibatsu. They are Alliances of corporations each often centered around a bank. They dominate the post-WWII Japanese economy.	103
6808600777	Salvador Allende	The first Marxist politician elected president in the Americas. He was elected president of Chile in 1970 and overthrown by a US-backed military coup in 1973.	104
6808600778	NATO	An international organization created in 1949 by the North Atlantic Treaty for purposes of collective security.	105
6808600779	Warsaw Pact	An alliance between the Soviet Union and other Eastern European nations. This was in response to the NATO	106
6808612620	Partition of India	Indian independence inspired nations and set a pattern for grappling with decolonization	107
6808622678	nonaligned movement	new African and Asian countries at the Bandung Conference neutrality in the cold war and stressed the struggle against colonialism and racism failed - lack of unity	108
6808645196	geneva conference	north remained communist by Ho Chi Ming the US intervened (Domino effect) bypass the election NLF	109
6809045604	suez crisis	further tangled cold war power politics divided the US and its allies in western Europe	110
6809084449	pattern of decolonization in Africa	nations adopt new names that shunned the memory of European rule and drew from the glory of Africa's past empires Ghana Zambia, Malawi, Zimbabwe	111
6809128158	FLN	force in Algeria that fought against France adopted tactics of nationalist liberation group in Asia - guerrilla warfare	112
6809167572	Frantz Fanon vs. Gandhi	Algeria's war of independence he urged the use of violennce against colonial oppressors	113
6809659271	apartheid	"separateness"; a series of laws initiated by the Afrikaner National Party in South Africa which was designed to divide South African society by skin color and ethnicity; this system also reserved South Africa's resources for whites institutionalized the racial segregation established in the years before 1948	114
6809736790	Maoism	Maoism has clearly represented a revolutionary method based on a distinct revolutionary outlook not necessarily dependent on a Chinese or Marxist-Leninist context. 1. revolutionism (大跃进） 2. anti-intellectualism （文化大革命） 3. guerrilla tactics 4. rural peasentry Rebels in Nepal Naxalites in India	115
6809801596	stalinism	Stalinism is associated with a regime of terror and totalitarian rule. 1. practical approach to revolution 2. monolithic party 3. no freedom of speech 4. "socialism in one country," 5. the state must instead become stronger before it could be eliminated	116

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5504936114	abjure	to give up rights; to recant	0
5504937391	judge	a person chosen to interprit laws, decide on a winner,or settle a controversy	1
5504943598	jurisdiction	the territory or land in which justice and laws are administered and followed	2
5504947602	jurist	an expert in law	3
5504948223	jury	a group of people sworn to abide by the laws to determine the truth	4
5504951018	just	lawful;fair	5
5504951889	justice	fairness;rightfulness	6
5504954560	justification	the fact that is said to prove that something is true	7
5504958366	justify	to prove;to offer	8
5504959910	perjury	to break the law by lying; to break a formal promise; to break an oath	9
5504963878	superb	splendid;excellent;beyond the expected	10
5504968501	superimpose	to lay or place something over something else	11
5504971665	superintendent	a person with the highest power; power above everyone else's	12
5504974547	superior	above average in quality; excellent	13
5504976760	supervisor	a person who stands over ir above someone in rank; a manager in charge of someone else	14
5504981539	surcharge	an amount of money (charge) over and above what is already being paid	15
5504987466	surplus	a quantity or amount over and above what is actually needed; extra	16
5504991692	surprise	something that is beyond what is expected	17
5504994968	surreal	beyond what is belivable; bizarre	18
5504998407	surtax	an extra tax beyond the normal tax	19

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9370229115	Noli me tangere.	Touch me not- John 20:17	0
9370229116	SENTIO, sentire, sensi, sentum	"to feel with the senses"	1
9370229117	TANGO, tangere, tetigi, tactum	"to touch"	2
9370229118	assent	v. to consent; to express agreement (used with to)	3
9370229119	dissent	v. to have or express a different opinion	4
9370229120	presentiment	n. a sense of something about to happen	5
9370229121	sensuous	adj. appealing to the senses, especially aesthetically	6
9370229122	sensual	adj. gratification of the senses and physical pleasure, particularly sexual,	7
9370229123	sentinel	n. a sentry; one who keeps watch	8
9370229124	contiguous	adj. adjoining; sharing a boundary	9
9370229125	tangible	adj. perceptible by sense of touch	10
9370229126	tactile	adj. pertaining to or using the sense of touch; tangible	11
9370229127	tangent	adj. touching	12
9370229128	porphyry	n. a purple color	13
9370229129	sentience	n. capacity for sensation or feeling	14
9370229130	similitude	adj. likeness; resemblance	15
9370229131	vagaries	n. an inexplicable or unpredictable vague change in a situation or someone's behavior	16
9370229132	incubus	n. nightmare; mental burden	17
9370229133	miasma	n. a noxious or poisonous atmosphere	18
9370229134	tarn	n. a small lake on a mountain	19
9370229135	prolixity	adj. extended to great, unnecessary, or tedious length; long and wordy	20
9370229136	doughty	adj. brave and persistent	21
9370229137	prodigious	adj. so great in size or force or extent as to elicit awe	22

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