| 9085620837 | motivation | the process by which activities are started, directed, and continued so that physical or psychological needs or wants are met. | | 0 |
| 9085620838 | extrinsic motivation | a person performs an action because it leads to an outcome that is separate from or external to the person. | | 1 |
| 9085620839 | intrinsic motivation | a person performs an action because the act itself is rewarding or satisfying in some internal manner. | | 2 |
| 9085620840 | instincts | the biologically determined and innate patterns of behavior that exist in both people and animals. | | 3 |
| 9085620842 | need | a requirement of some material (such as food or water) that is essential for survival of the organism | | 4 |
| 9085620843 | drive | a psychological tension and physical arousal arising when there is a need that motivates the organism to act in order to fulfill the need and reduce the tension | | 5 |
| 9085620844 | drive-reduction theory | approach to motivation that assumes behavior arises from physiological needs that cause internal drives to push the organism to satisfy the need and reduce tension and arousal | | 6 |
| 9085620845 | primary drives | those drives that involve needs of the body such as hunger and thirst | | 7 |
| 9085620846 | Secondary drives | those drives that are learned through experience or conditioning, such as the need for money or social approval | | 8 |
| 9085620847 | homeostasis | the tendency of the body to maintain a steady state | | 9 |
| 9085620848 | stimulus motive | a motive that appears to be unlearned but causes an increase in stimulation, such as curiosity | | 10 |
| 9085620849 | arousal theory | theory of motivation in which people are said to have an optimal (best or ideal) level of tension that they seek to maintain by increasing or decreasing stimulation | | 11 |
| 9085620850 | Yerkes-Dodson law | performance is related to arousal; moderate levels or arousal lead to better performance than do levels of arousal that are too low or too high. This effect varies with the difficulty of the task: Easy tasks require a high-moderate level whereas more difficult tasks require a low-moderate level | | 12 |
| 9085620851 | incentives | things that attract or lure people into action | | 13 |
| 9085620853 | self-actualization | according to Maslow, the point that is seldom reached at which people have sufficiently satisfied the lower needs and achieved their full human potential | | 14 |
| 9085620854 | set point theory | the particular level of weight the body tries to maintain | | 15 |
| 9085620855 | basal metabolic rate (BMR) | the rate at which the body burns energy when the organism is resting | | 16 |
| 9085620856 | leptin | a hormone that, when released into the bloodstream, signals the hypothalamus that the body has had enough food and reduces the appetite while increasing the feeling of being full | | 17 |
| 9085620857 | anorexia nervosa | a condition in which a person reduces eating to the point that a weight loss of 15 percent below the ideal body weight or more occurs | | 18 |
| 9085620858 | bulimia nervosa | a condition in which a person develops a cycle of "binging," or overeating enormous amounts of food at one sitting, and then using unhealthy methods to avoid weight gain | | 19 |
| 9085620859 | emotion | the "feeling" aspect of consciousness, characterized by a certain physical arousal, a certain behavior that reveals the emotion to the outside world, and an inner awareness of feelings | | 20 |
| 9085620860 | James-Lange theory of emotion | theory in which a physiological reaction leads to the labeling of an emotion. I am afraid because I am shaking | | 21 |
| 9085620861 | Cannon-Bard theory of emotion | theory in which the physiological reaction and the emotion are assumed to occur at the same time. I am shaking and afraid at the same time | | 22 |
| 9085620862 | Schachter's cognitive arousal theory/
Singer and Schachter's Two Factor | theory of emotion in which both the physical arousal and the labeling of that arousal based on cues from the environment must occur before the emotion is experienced. That huge bear is dangerous and that makes me feel afraid | | 23 |
| 9085620863 | Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs | Humanist theory of motivation that says we must first fulfill lower level needs before achieving personal fulfillment and self actualization
Physiological-Safety-Belongingness and Love-Esteem-Cognitive-Self Actualization | | 24 |
| 9085620864 | ventromedial hypothalamus | stops the eating response; lets us know we are full
if damaged, we would continue to eat | | 25 |
| 9085620865 | lateral hypothamalus | initiates the eating response; lets us know we are hungry
if damaged, we would starve | | 26 |
| 9085620866 | Achievement motivation | a desire for significant accomplishment: for mastery of things, people, or ideas; for attaining a high standard | | 27 |
| 9085620867 | Adaptation-Level Phenomenon | our tendency to form judgments (of sounds, of lights, of income) relative to a neutral level defined by our prior experience | | 28 |
| 9085620868 | Binge-eating disorder | significant binge-eating episodes, followed by distress, disgust, or guilt, but without the compensatory purging, fasting, or excessive exercise that marks bulimia nervosa | | 29 |
| 9085620869 | Coping | alleviating stress using emotional, cognitive, or behavioral methods | | 30 |
| 9085620870 | Emotion-focused coping | attempting to alleviate stress by avoiding or ignoring a stressor and attending to emotional needs related to one's stress reaction | | 31 |
| 9085620871 | Feel-good, do-good phenomenon | The tendency to be helpful when in a good mood | | 32 |
| 9085620872 | General adaptation syndrome (GAS) | A model of the body's response to chronic stress; the three phases are alarm (fight-or-flight response), resistance, and exhaustion. | | 33 |
| 9085620873 | Glucose | A simple sugar that is an important source of energy. | | 34 |
| 9085620874 | Health psychology | a subfield of psychology that provides psychology's contribution to behavioral medicine | | 35 |
| 9085620875 | Industrial-organization (I/O) psychology | the application of psychological concepts and methods to optimizing human behavior in workplaces | | 36 |
| 9085620876 | Organizational psychology | a subfield of I/O psychology that examines organizational influences on worker satisfaction and productivity and facilitates organizational change | | 37 |
| 9085620878 | Problem-focused coping | Attempting to alleviate stress directly by changing the stressor or the way we interact with that stressor. | | 38 |
| 9085620879 | Refractory period | a resting period after orgasm, during which a man cannot achieve another orgasm | | 39 |
| 9085620882 | Sexual orientation | an enduring sexual attraction toward members of either one's own sex (homosexual orientation) or the other sex (heterosexual orientation) | | 40 |
| 9085620883 | Sexual response cycle | the four stages of sexual responding described by Masters and Johnson - excitement, plateau, orgasm, and resolution | | 41 |
| 9085620884 | Subjective well-being | self-perceived happiness or satisfaction with life. Used along with measures of objective well-being (for example, physical and economic indicators) to evaluate people's quality of life. | | 42 |
| 9085620885 | Type A | competitive, hard-driving, impatient, verbally aggressive, and anger-prone people | | 43 |
| 9085620886 | Type B | easygoing, relaxed people | | 44 |
| 9085648076 | Cognitive Appraisal Theory | Emotion is something that is caused by our thought cognition. | | 45 |
| 12951144392 | Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI) | The study of the interactions among the nervous, endocrine, and immune systems | | 46 |
| 12951151462 | psychophysiological illness | literally, "mind-body" illness; any stress-related physical illness, such as hypertension and some headaches | | 47 |
| 12951156790 | carthasis hypothesis | idea that we feel better if we blow off steam by venting our emotions. | | 48 |
| 12951203274 | facial feedback hypothesis | the idea that facial expressions can influence emotions as well as reflect them | | 49 |
| 12951211339 | behavioral medicine | an interdisciplinary field that integrates behavioral and medical knowledge and applies that knowledge to health and disease | | 50 |
