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AP Psychology Testing and Intelligence Flashcards

9131400761	intelligence	mental quality consisting of the ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and use knowledge to adapt to new situations	0
9131400762	Charles Spearman	used and developed factor analysis (identifies clusters of related items) and argued in the g factor (general intelligence)	1
9131400763	general intelligence (g)	a general intelligence factor that according to Spearman and others underlies specific mental abilities and is therefore measured by every task on an intelligence test	2
9131400764	L. L Thurstone	He stated that there are 7 primary mental abilities including reasoning, verbal comprehension and memory.	3
9131400765	Howard Gardner	He said abilities are best classified into 8 intelligence including spatial, musical, logical-mathematical, linguistic, naturalist, interpersonal, intrapersonal, and bodily-kinesthetic.	4
9131400766	savants	condition where a person has limited mental ability but is exceptional in one area	5
9131400767	Gardeners Multiple Intelligences	visual/spatial verbal/linguistic musical/rhythmic logical/mathematical bodily/kinesthetic interpersonal interpersonal natural	6
9131400768	grit	passion and perseverance in the pursuit of long-term goals	7
9131400769	analytic intelligence	(academic-problem-solving) traditional intelligence traits	8
9131400770	creative intelligence	reacting adaptively to novel situations and generating novel ideas	9
9131400771	practical intelligence	required for everyday tasks where multiple solutions exist	10
9131400772	emotional (social) intelligence	perceiving emotions understanding emotions managing emotions using emotions	11
9131400773	delayed gratification (self-discipline)	is the key to long term success (according to the Stanford Marshmallow Experiment)	12
9131400774	Alfred Binet	helped label kid's mental ages to help predict future performance	13
9131400775	mental age	the chronological age that most typically corresponds to a given level of performance	14
9131400776	Lewis Terman	He was a Stanford professor and created the Stanford-Binet IQ test.	15
9131400777	IQ score	(Mental Age/Chronological Age) x 100	16
9131400778	Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)	most widely used intelligence test; contains verbal and performance (nonverbal) subtests	17
9131400779	performance subtest	spatial relations, perceptual skills, and speed of thinking	18
9131400780	verbal subtest	language based and abstract cognitive skills	19
9131400781	Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC)	similar to WAIS 6-16 year olds	20
9131400782	what IQ measures	a person's cognitive ability compared to population at large mental speed and span of your working memory	21
9131400783	achievement test	a test designed to asses what a person has learned	22
9131400784	aptitude test	a test designed to predict a person's future performance, aptitude is the capacity to learn	23
9131400785	standardization	defining uniform testing procedures and meaningful scores by comparison with the performance of a pretested group (Representative sample) form a normal distribution or bell curve	24
9131400786	normal curve (normal distribution)	symmetrical, bell shaped curve that describes the distribution of many types of data most scores fall near the mean	25
9131400787	68%	Amount of people with IQs between 85 and 115 (one SD of the mean)	26
9131400788	95%	Amount of people with IQs between 70 and 130 (two SD of the mean)	27
9131400789	The Flynn Effect	intelligence scores have risen throughout the last 100 years or so (due to environment)	28
9131400790	reliability	when it yields consistant results	29
9131400791	split- half reliability	dividing the test into two equal halves and assessing how consistent the scores are	30
9131400792	alternate-forms reliability	using different varieties of the test to measure consistency between them	31
9131400793	test-retest reliability	using the same test on two occasions to measure consitency	32
9131400794	validity	the extent to which a test measures what it is supposed to meaure	33
9131400795	content validity	extent to which a test accurately measure the subject intended to measure (entirety, breadth, etc.)	34
9131400796	predictive validity	the extent to which test score forecasts future behaviors or results	35
9131400797	criterion validity	scores on a particular test are positively correlated with scores on another existing and well established test (criterion) of the same skill, trait, ability	36
9131400798	crystallized intelligence	our accumulated knowledges reflected in vocabulary and analogies tests increases with age	37
9131400799	fluid intelligence	our ability to reason speedily and abstractly, as when solving novel logic problems decreases with age	38
9131400800	intellectual disability	limited mental ability intelligence score of 70 or below formerly referred to as mental retardation	39
9131400801	down syndrome	mild to severe intellectual disability and associated physical disorders extra copy of chromosome 21	40
9131400802	High Intelligence	typically 130 IQ and above gifted education programs	41
9131400803	z-score	tells us whether a particular score is equal to the mean. below the mean or above the mean, by how many standard deviations	42
9131400804	percentile rank	percentage of scores that fall below a given score	43
9131400805	heritability	proportion of variation among individuals that we can attribute to genes	44
9131400806	stereotype threat	a self-confirming concern that one will be evaluated based on a negative stereotype	45
9131400807	Sternberg's Triarchic Theory	This theory holds that there are three types of intelligence.	46

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AP psychology chapter 1 Flashcards

Introduction and history of psychology

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5474496144	psychology	the scientific study of behavior and mental processes	0
5474496145	empirical approach	a study conducted via careful observations and scientifically based research	1
5474496146	pseudo-psychology	Erroneous assertions or practices set forth as being scientific psychology	2
5474496147	confirmation bias	the tendency to attend to evidence that complements and confirms our beliefs or expectations, while ignoring evidence that does not	3
5474496148	experimental psychologists	psychologists who apply experimental methods to the study of behavior (AKA research psychologists)	4
5474496149	teachers of psychology	psychologists whose primary job is teaching, typically in high schools, colleges, and universities	5
5474496150	applied psychologists	psychologists who use the knowledge developed by experimental psychologists to solve human problems	6
5474496151	psychiatry	a branch of medicine dealing with psychological disorders; practiced by physicians who sometimes provide medical (for example, drug) treatments as well as psychological therapy	7
5474496152	structuralism	an early school of psychology that used introspection to explore the elemental structure of the human mind (founded by Wundt)	8
5474496153	introspection	a method of self-observation in which participants report their thoughts and feelings	9
5474496154	functionalism	William James's school of psychological thought that stressed the adaptive and survival value of behaviors (i.e. their functions)	10
5474496155	Gestalt psychology	a psychological approach that emphasizes that we often perceive the whole rather than the sum of the parts	11
5474496156	behaviorism	the view that psychology should be an objective science that studies behavior without reference to mental processes	12
5474496157	psychoanalysis	Freud's theory of personality and therapeutic technique that attributes thoughts and actions to unconscious motives and conflicts. Freud believed the patient's free associations, resistances, dreams, and transferences—and the therapist's interpretations of them—released previously repressed feelings, allowing the patient to gain self-insight.	13
5474496158	biological view	the psychological perspective that searches for the causes of behavior in the functioning of genes, the brain, nervous system, and the endoctrine system (hormones)	14
5474496159	neuroscience	study of the brain and nervous system; overlaps with psycho-biology	15
5474496160	evolutionary psychology	the study of the roots of behavior and mental processes using the principles of natural selection	16
5474496161	developmental view	the psychological perspective emphasizing changes that occur across the lifespan	17
5474496162	cognitive view	the psychological perspective emphasizing mental processes, such as learning, memory, perception, and thinking, as forms of information processing	18
5474496163	cognitions	mental processes, such as thinking, memory, sensation, and perception	19
5474496164	cognitive neuroscience	the branch of neuroscience that studies the biological foundations of mental phenomena	20
5474496165	clinical view	the psychological perscetive emphasizing mental health and mental illness	21
5474496166	psycho-dynamic psychology	A branch of psychology that studies how unconscious drives and conflicts influence behavior and uses that information to treat people with psychological disorders	22
5474496167	humanistic psychology	a clinical psychological viewpoint emphasizing human ability, growth, potential, and free will	23
5474496168	behavioral view	a psychological perspective that finds the source of our actions in environmental stimuli, rather than in inner mental processes	24
5474496169	sociocultural view	a psychological perspective emphasizing the importance of social interaction, social learning, and a cultural perspective	25
5474496170	trait view	a psychological perspective that views behavior and personality as the products of enduring psychological characteristics	26
5474496171	evolutionary/sociobiological view	examine individual behavior through the lens of natural selection, looks at behavior as both adaptive and hereditary	27

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AP Human Geography Agriculture Flashcards

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9226088298	Animal Husbandry	An agricultural activity associated with the raising of domesticated animals, such as cattle, horses, sheep, and goats.	0
9226088299	Cash Cropping	Planting large amounts of profitable crops for mass production and sell.	1
9226088300	Corporate Agriculture (Agribusiness)	System of food production involving everything from the development of the seeds to the marketing and sale of food products at the market.	2
9226088301	Commercial Crops	A crop grown for direct sale rather than for livestock feed.	3
9226088302	Domestication of Plants	Domesticating plants for human use, one of the first steps to a full fledged agricultural economy.	4
9226088303	Double Cropping	Planting and harvesting a crop on a field more than once a year.	5
9226088304	Fallow	When farmers grow crops in a clear field for only a few years until the soil nutrients are depleted. The farmers then have the soul empty for a few years so the nutrients in the soil can be restored; uncropped land.	6
9226088305	GMOs	Foods that are mostly products or organisms that have their genes altered in a laboratory for specific purposes, such as disease resistant, increased productivity, or nutrients value; Genetically Modified Organisms.	7
9226088306	Intensive Farming	Subsistence agriculture in which farmers must expend a relative large amount of effort to produce the maximum feasible yield from a pared of land.	8
9226088307	Labor-intensive Crops	Includes fruits, garden vegetables, herbs, and anything requiring constant tending or wielding.	9
9226088308	Labor-intensive Animals	Animals that require constant tending, includes dairy cow and poultry for eggs.	10
9226088309	Monoculture	Dependence on a single agricultural commodity.	11
9226088310	Mechanization	In agriculture, the replacement of human labor with technology or machines.	12
9226088311	Market Gardens	Small scale production of fruits, vegetables, and flowers as cash crops sold directly to local consumers, Distinguishable by the large diversity of crops grown on a small area of land, during a single growing season. Labor is done manually.	13
9226088312	Primary Economy	Any economic activity pertaining to the collecting, harvesting, and obtaining of raw materials.	14
9226088313	Plantation Agriculture	Raising a large amount of a 'cash crop' for local sale or export.	15
9226088314	Suitcase Farmers	A suitcase farm is a farm in which no one reside permanently, they go against the grain of traditional farming. In the US migrant workers provide a cheap, abundant labor source; they work on the farm during the day and leave at night. There is no residence on the site.	16
9226088315	Spring Wheat	Wheat planted in the spring and harvested in the late summer.	17
9226088316	Sustainable Yield	Rate of crop production that can be maintained over time.	18
9226088317	Transhumance	Movement of animal herd to cooler highland areas in the summer to warmer lowland areas in the winter.	19
9226088318	Winter Wheat	Wheat plated in the fall and harvested in the early summer.	20
9226088319	Von Thunen Model	Theory that a commercial farmer wull decide which crops to grow and which livestock to raise depending on the proximity to market.	21
9226088320	Green Revolution	An outgrowth of the 3rd agricultural revolution, this effort began in the 1940s and developed new strains of hybrid seeds and fertilizers that dramatically increased the crop output possible from each farm.	22
9226088321	Communes	A group of people living together and sharing processions.	23
9226088322	SE Asia domesticated what?	Yams, Taro Root, Bananas, palm oil, cattle, sheep, goats	24
9226088323	Western Africa domesticated what?	Millet(China), Sorghum	25
9226088324	S. Mexico domesticated what?	squash, beans, cotton, Maize(Corn),	26
9226088325	SW Asia domesticated what?	Wheat, Barley, Rice(India)	27
9226088326	1st Agric Revo Location	Nile River Valley/Fertile Crescent	28
9226088327	1st Agric Revo Change	Nomadic herders to sedentary lifestyle and intentional farming	29
9226088328	1st Agric Revo Impact	Birth of civilization Birth of urban areas Birth of government Birth of class structures(social stratified) Before this egalitarian Created irrigation Created farmers,slaves, government officials, merchants Surplus of food Led to writing Began trading which led to system of defense Towns located on high ground(acropolis) and water	30
9226088329	2nd Agric Revo Location	England, Denmark, Netherlands	31
9226088330	2nd Agric Revo Sustained by...	Mechanical reaper Combustible engine Seed drill Railroad Refrigeration Artificial feed New banking practices	32
9226088331	2nd Agric Revo Before I.R	Improved methods Improved plows and draft-animals (Leesdale and ox) New crops Potato and Corn since both can be grown in marginalized land(Not-so fertile land) Government policies British Enclosure Act Crop rotation and consolidated/fenced off land In same year and plot, rotate crops to maintain soil fertility Improved soil fertility Canals	33
9226088332	3rd Agric Revo Defintion	new strains with higher yields through genetic manipulation to increase yield through the use of herbicides and fertilizers	34
9226088333	How to increase GMOs	1. Purchase artificial fertilizer Chemicals 2. Irrigation system 3. Purchase herbicides/pesticides 4. Purchase machines to keep up with production 5. Need a receptive environment 6. Need receptive commodity markets 7. Barriers to implementation Poor, unreceptive environment river water	35
9226088334	Shifting Cultivation Location	Subtropics and Tropics	36
9226088335	Shifting Cultivation Steps and Characteristics	Steps: Clear land Plant land Fallow(not planting anything so soil can replenish itself) Come back to land when it is full of nutrients Characteristics: Low quality land Low population density	37
9226088336	Slash-and-Burn is also know	Patch agriculture Milpa(Yucatan peninsula) Swidden(Indonesia) Chitemene (Nambia) Ladang(Old english meaning to farm)	38
9226088337	Nomadism	Dry Areas Same climate as livestock ranching(commercial farms in MDCs) Marginalized land	39
9226088338	Commercial Farming Positives	Increase yield Keeps food costs low	40
9226088339	Commercial Farming Negatives	Use of chemicals Human health Younger age of puberty Cancer increase Environment Rainforest destruction Desertification Rise in sustainably sourced farming Local and organic Blue zone where business collaborate to show thi	41
9226088340	Livestock Ranching	Raising of domesticated animals for food or items like leather Climate: Dry Growing industry As countries develop, meat eating increases Standard of living increases Not near market Bulk-reducing industry	42
9226088341	Dairying	Climate: Cold Perishable Area surrounding dairying is milk shed Closer to market North Latitude Bulk-gaining Bottling fluid	43
9226088342	Mixed livestock and grain	Raise domesticated animals and growing feed	44
9226088343	Commercial Grain Farming	Wheat belt Bread-basket US Corn belt	45
9226088344	Market Gardening	Items people garden Near market since items are perishable Suitcase farms Rely on migrant labor	46
9226088345	Mediterranean	Dry summers High rainfall needed France, Spain, Greece, North Africa, Australia, Chile, California Produce grapes, citrus, etc. Wine production	47
9226088346	Plantation farming	Tropics In LDCs Owned by MDCs Cash crops	48
9226088347	Cash Crop Examples	Worldwide Cotton Rubber Amazon Rice India Sugar from Caribbean	49
9226088348	Coffee	Ethiopian Origin US #1 consumer Central America and Africa produce it	50
9226088349	Tea	Most production in Asia China British own most tea plantations	51
9226088350	Illegal Drugs	Marijuana, Poppy seeds Core are demanders Periphery grows them Takes processing	52
9226088351	What two factors influenced Von Thunen model?	Perishability and Transport Costs	53
9226088352	Von Thunen ring outside city(1)	Market gardening/dairying/feedlot Feedlots fatten livestock before slaughter Skinny before sent near market	54
9226088353	Von Thunen ring (2)	Forestry and growing feed grains Wood: Fuel and building materials Feed: Food for livestock	55
9226088354	Von Thunen ring (3)	Food grains and cash crops	56
9226088355	Von Thunen ring (4)	Livestock ranching Low land cost and marginalized land	57
9226088356	Von Thunen assumptions	Flat terrain---Similar climate/soil---no barriers to transportation	58
9226088357	Von Thunen factors that decrease the model	Refrigeration Food preservation Global markets/corporate decision making New alternatives for fuel New ways grains are used	59
9226088358	Horizontal integration	Companies buy out companies Allows for them to set prices No quality for consumers Aka Monopoly Laws created in 1900s that makes monopoly illegal Multiple like industries	60
9226088359	Vertical integration	One industry that eliminates the middleman Control supply chain Food is homogenous Farm production becomes aggregated Create more commercial agricultural No more small farms Harmful effects on people and environment	61
9226088360	Double cropping	Harvesting twice in one year Employ crop rotation	62
9226088361	Triple cropping	Harvesting 3 times in one year Employ crop rotation	63
9226088362	Vertical farming	Urban, crowded, squatter areas Takes up less space	64
9226088363	Agrarian-based society	Based on agriculture Mesopotamian, River valley, Primary sectors	65
9226088364	Animal husbandry	Care of domesticated animals	66
9226088365	Open-lot farming	Type of subsistence farming Village farms the land Ejiado	67
9226088366	Subsistence crop	Food crops used only by family or local market trading	68
9226088367	Organic Farming	o extracts farmers from big corporations o environmental=reduce synthetic chemicals in soil/water farming and ranching without the use of herbicides, pesticides, growth hormones, and other synthetic inputs. o sold in 54% of US grocery store	69
9226088368	Truck Farms	Farm where farmers produce fruits for the market Use mechanization to produce large quantities of fruits and veggies	70
9226088369	Staple Grains	wheat, barley, rye, maize, or rice; potatoes, yams, taro, arrowroot, or cassava	71

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AP World Period 3 Flashcards

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6557712845	Trans -Saharan Trade	Trade of goods through the Sahara dessert Goods: Salt, gold, animal hides, slaves Important points: Timbuktu, Goa,Djenne	0
6557712846	Islam	Monotheistic religion revealed in the 7th century by Arabic merchant, Muhammed	1
6557712849	Dar-al-Islam	territory of Islam	2
6557712850	Byzantine Empire	Eastern Roman empire extending to the Eastern Mediterranean and Southwest Asia	3
6557712851	Sinification	the spread of Chinese culture	4
6557712852	Mongols	nomadic invaders that conquered Eurasia with force and diplomacy	5
6557712853	Black Death	Plague that killed 1/3 of European population	6
6557712854	Maya	MesoAmerican civilization that had pyramids, large cities, a written system, and complex society	7
6557712855	Coerced labor	slavery, serfdom, corvee (government-recquired labor on public works projects), and indentured servitude	8
6557712856	Feudalism	Agricultural workers serving landowners or lords (knights and samurai)	9
6557712858	Silk	highly-priced luxury commodity mainly exported from China	10
6557712859	Chinese Inventions	gunpowder, compass, paper, astrolabe	11
6557712860	Tang Dynasty	(618-907 CE) The Chinese dynasty that was much like the Han, who used Confucianism. This dynasty had the equal-field system, a bureaucracy based on merit, and a Confucian education system.	12
6557712861	Song Dynasty	(960 - 1279 AD); started by Tai Zu; by 1000, a million people were living there; started feet binding; had a magnetic compass, navy, traded with india and persia (brought pepper and cotton), first to have paper money, explosive gun powder	13
6557712862	Central Asia	A region that includes the republics of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan	14
6557712863	Indian Ocean trade	trade between Arab, Persian, Turkish, Indian, African, Chinese, and Europe merchants	15
6557712865	Grand Canal	an inland waterway 1000 miles long in eastern China	16
6557712866	Pax Mongolica	Mongol peace from mid-1200's through mid-1300's imposed stability and law and order across Eurasia. Guaranteed safe passage for trade caravans, travelers, and missionaries from one end of empire to other.	17
6557712867	Vikings	A nomadic group that conquered ex: Normans	18
6557712868	Syncretism	A blending of two or more religious traditions	19
6557712869	Marco Polo	Italian explorer and author who made numerous trips to China and returned to Europe to write of his journeys, responsible for much of the knowledge exchanged between Europe and China during this time period.	20
6557712870	Ibn Battuta	(1304-1369) Morrocan Muslim scholar, the most widely traveled individual of his time. He wrote a detailed account of his visits to Islamic lands from China to Spain and the western Sudan. His writings gave a glimpse into the world of that time period.	21
6557712873	Secular	Non-religious	22
6557712877	Justinian	6th century Byzantine emperor; failed to reconquer the western portions of the empire; rebuilt Constatinople; codified Roman law	23
6557712881	Umayyad Caliphate	First hereditary dynasty of Muslim caliphs (661 to 750). From their capital at Damascus, the Umayyads ruled one of the largest empires in history that extended from Spain to India. Overthrown by the Abbasid Caliphate.	24
6557712882	Abbasid Caliphate	(750-1258 CE) The caliphate, after the Umayyads, who focused more on administration than conquering. Had a bureaucracy that any Mulim could be a part of	25
6557712886	Chinampas	Aztec floating gardens	26

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AP Statistics: Chapter 7 Flashcards

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8087174645	Discrete	Countable	0
8087174646	R.V.	Random variable	1
8087174647	Random Variable	A Variable whose value is a numerical outcome of a random phenomenon. It is a function that assigns a probability to a numeric outcome experiment	2
8087174648	Discrete Random Variable	X, is a random variable that has a countable number of possible values. Can be represented in a histogram or table, but not in a bell curve.	3
8087174649	Probability distribution of X looks like...		4
8087174650	Probability histogram	Can be used to display the probabilty of a distributin of a discrete R.V.	5
8087174651	Continuous Random Variable	X, takes on all values within an interval of numbers. Isn't a set amount of outcomes. Cannot be represented in a histogram or table, but in a bell curve.	6
8087174652	Density Curve	Continous R.V.	7
8087174653	The area at any given # on a density curve is	0	8
8087174654	To be a probability distribution...	1) All values must add to 1 2) All values must be in between 0 and 1	9
8087174655	Given	1) Normal 2) SRS 3) n= 4)p= 5)σ=	10
8087174656	Probability Notation	N(p, σp)	11
8087174657	Z-score formula	z=(p̂-p/ σp)	12
8087174658	Expected Value	μx, the mean of a random variable (where X=R.V.)	13
8087174659	Mean of a discrete random variable	μx=∑(xi)(pi) 1) xi = every value 2) pi = every probability	14
8087174660	When a distribution is symmetric, the mean is...	The center of the distribution (μx = median)	15
8087174661	If X is a random variable and Y = a+bx then μy...	=μ(sub)a+bX	16
8087174662	If X and Y are 2 random variables then μ(sub)x+y...	=μx+μy	17
8087174663	Variance of discrete random variable	σ²x=∑(xi-μx)²(pi)	18
8087174664	Standard deviation of a discrete random variable	σx=the square root of ∑(xi-μx)²(pi)	19
8087174665	Variance rules	1) Variances always add (because it measures distance, not negative) 2) σ²x+y = σ²x + σ²y 3) σ²x-y = σ²x + σ²y (because they always add)	20
8087174666	σx+y =	the square root of σ²x + σ²y	21
8087174667	σx+y is not equal to σx + σy because	The variances must always be combined, and rooted, instead of comining the standard devitations	22
8087174668	To combine standard deviations and variances, X and Y must be	Independent random variables (so that there is no overlap)	23
8087174669	To combine the means, X and Y can be	Independent or dependent	24
8087174670	Law of large numbers	1) When there is a small # of observations the mean will be all over the place 2) A larger sample size will settle chaos and the sample value will get closer to μ	25
8087174671	Law of large numbers: When n increases, x bar	Gets closer to μ	26
8087174672	Law of large numbers proves that...	Averaged results of many independent observations are both stable and predictable	27

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AP - mas de los derechos humanos Flashcards

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9276553839	asegurar(se)	to assure (to make sure)	0
9276553840	dar por sentado	to take for granted	1
9276553841	desaparecer(zc)	to disappear	2
9276553842	disfrutar	to enjoy	3
9276553843	escoger(j)	to choose	4
9276553844	exigir(j)	to demand	5
9276553845	garantizar	to guarantee	6
9276553846	luchar	to struggle, to fight	7
9276553847	oprimir	to oppress	8
9276553848	tomar conciencia	to become aware	9
9276553849	desarrollar	to develop	10
9276553850	proteger (j)	To protect	11
9276553851	el asilo (político)	(political) asylum	12
9276553852	el binenestar	well-being	13
9276553853	el desarrollo	development	14
9276553854	la (des)igualdad	(in)equality	15
9276553855	el esfuerzo	effort	16
9276553856	el juicio	trial	17
9276553857	la meta	goal	18
9276553858	el nivel de vida	standard of living	19
9276553859	el patrimonio	heritage	20
9276553861	el sindicato	union	21
9276553862	el sufragio universal	universal suffrage	22
9276553863	el trato	treatment	23
9276553864	el voluntario	volunteering	24
9276553865	equitativo(a)	fair	25
9276553866	jurídico(a)	judicial	26
9276553867	sin fines de lucro	non-profit	27
9276553868	recordar, acordarse de	to remind, to remember, to recollect	28
9276553869	acordar (estar de acuerdo)	to agree, to resolve by common consent	29

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AP Lit Tone Words Flashcards

all the tone words that you will ever need and more

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8087675017	aloof	not emotionally involved, at a distance	0
8087675018	apathetic	uncaring	1
8087675019	ambivalent	having mixed feelings, could go either way	2
8087675020	audacious	recklessly bold or contemptuous;	3
8087675022	callous	uncaring, or feeling no emotion	4
8087675023	condescending	with an air of superiority, talking down to	5
8087675024	contemptuous	lacking respect, derisive	6
8087675025	caustic	harshly sarcastic	7
8087675026	cautionary	prudent forethought	8
8087675027	choleric	easily angered	9
8087675029	cynical	distrustful	10
8087675030	demoralized	discourage	11
8087675031	diffident	reserved, unassertive	12
8087675032	disdainful	scorn, despise	13
8087675033	didactic	intending to instruct	14
8087675034	derisive	insulting and condescending	15
8087675035	earnest	heartfelt and serious	16
8087675036	effusive	overflowing and demonstrative	17
8087675037	enervating	to deprive of force or strength	18
8087675038	elegiac	sorrowful lamentation	19
8087675039	empathetic	sensitivity, relating to another's emotions	20
8087675040	erudite	scholarly	21
8087675041	facetious	sarcastic	22
8087675043	forthright	direct and outspoken	23
8087675044	flippant	frivolously disrespectful	24
8087675045	frivolous	carefree and unconcerned	25
8087675047	hubristic	to be exessively prideful or arrogant (not a real word meaning to pertain to hubris)	26
8087675048	incredulous	skeptical and unbelieving	27
8087675049	incensed	full of rage	28
8087675050	indignant	self-rightously angry	29
8087675051	intimate	personal and emotional	30
8087675053	jovial	hearty conviviality and good cheer	31
8087675054	kowtowing	to act in an obsequious manner	32
8087675056	laissez-faire	laid back, unwilling to get involved	33
8087675057	lugubrious	mournful, dismal, or gloomy	34
8087675058	morose	ill-humored, very down	35
8087675059	malicious	vicious, wanton, or mischievous	36
8087675060	mordant	caustic or sarcastic in a mean way	37
8087675062	obsequious	overly obedient, dutiful, brown-nosing, fawning	38
8087675063	omnipotent	all mighty or infinite in power; all-knowing	39
8087675064	patronizing	Talking down to, conveying experience to one who has none	40
8087675065	pompous	stuck up, considering self better than everyone else	41
8087675066	poignant	producing keen or strong emotion	42
8087675067	provocative	inciting, stimulating, irritating	43
8087675068	quizzical	questioning, ridiculing, or chaffing	44
8087675070	reverent	deeply respectful	45
8087675071	reflective	meditative or deliberative	46
8087675072	resigned	passive, accepting as inevitable	47
8087675074	sardonic	scornful derision, mocking, cynical	48
8087675075	seductive	enticing, beguiling, captivating	49
8087675076	sentimental	emotional attachment	50
8087675077	supercilious	haughty, disdainful or contemptuous	51
8087675079	vehement	with great energy or exertion, with great emphasis and passion	52
8087675080	volatile	tending or threatening to break out into open violence	53

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AP Biology- Macromolecules Flashcards

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7846937783	monosaccharide	C6H12O6 simple sugar; glucose, galactose, and fructose	0
7846937784	disaccharide	two monosaccharides joined together; C12H22O1; maltose, lactose, and sucrose	1
7846937785	dehydration synthesis	condensation; joining compounds together with water released	2
7846937786	hydrolysis	breakdown of a compound by adding water	3
7846937787	polysaccharide	polymers of carbohydrates	4
7846937788	cellulose	structural polysaccharide that makes up plant cell walls	5
7846937789	starch	storage polysaccharide found in plants	6
7846937790	fatty acid	hydrocarbon chain with a carboxyl group at one end; majority portion in lipids	7
7846937791	saturated fat	fat without double bonds	8
7846937792	unsaturated fat	fat with double bonds	9
7846937793	peptide bond	bond creating amino acid chains or polymers	10
7846937800	functional group	components of organic molecules most often involved in chemical reactions	11
7846937802	polymer	long molecule consisting of many similar or identical monomers linked together	12
7846937803	monomer	building block for polymers; only made by producers	13
7846937806	hydrocarbon	organic molecule consisting of only hydrogen and carbon	14
7846937807	macromolecule	giant molecule formed by the joining of smaller molecules	15
7846937808	glycosodic linkage	covalent bond formed between two monosaccharides by a dehydration synthesis reaction	16
7846937811	amine	nitrogen bonded to two hydrogens and to the carbon skeleton	17
7846937812	phosphate	phosphorous bonded to four oxygens, two have negative charges, one is bonded to the carbon skeleton; phospholipid	18
7846978939	nonpolar	electrons shared equally	19
7846980314	polar	electrons shared unequally	20
7847000148	hydroxyl	hydrogen bonded to oxygen bonded to an organic molecule's carbon skeleton; alcohol; polar	21
15881881790	function of carbohydrates	Immediate energy source, short term energy storage, structural support	22
15881881829	function of proteins	enzyme catalysis, defense, transport, support, motion, regulation, storage, communication	23
15881923983	Function of lipids	long term energy storage, communication, membrane structure	24