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AP Poetry Terms Flashcards

7870476511	Alliteration	repetition of a consonant sound or letter at the beginning of neighboring words.	0
7870476512	Assonance	repetition of identical or similar vowel sounds within a line.	1
7870476513	Connotation	ideas and feelings associated with a word, as opposed to its dictionary defintiion	2
7870476514	Consonance	the repetition of consonant sounds within a line.	3
7870476515	Couplet	A pair of rhymed lines in a poem.	4
7870476516	Denotation	a word's dictionary definition.	5
7870636068	Haiku	Japanese verse in three lines of five, seven, and five syllables.	6
7870476519	Form	the arrangement of words and lines on a page (in poetry)	7
7870476520	Imagery	descriptive words making one imagine how something looks, feels, smells, touches, and tastes.	8
7870476521	metaphor	Comparison of two unlike things without using simile words (like or as)	9
7870476522	Mood	the atmosphere or feelings the author creates for the reader	10
7870476525	Rhyme	a repetition of sounds at the ends of words or like sounds at regular intervals	11
7870476528	Rhyme Scheme	the patterns of rhymes in a poem	12
7870476529	Rhythm	the pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables in a line.	13
7870476530	Simile	Comparison of two unlike things using the words "like" or "as"	14
7870805456	conceit (extended metaphor)	an extended metaphor comparing two unlike objects extending several lines of poetry.	15
7870849770	hyperbole	a gross exaggeration for effect; overstatement.	16
7870888338	Litotes	a form of understatement in which the negative of an antonym is used to achieve emphasis (and a slightly positive twist)	17
7870476532	Speaker	the voice that talks to the reader in a poem (does not have to be the poet/author)	18
7870476533	Stanza	a group of lines within a poem (similar to a paragraph in a novel)	19
7870476534	Symbolism	a person, place, object, or action that stands for something BEYOND itself.	20
7870476535	Tone	the writer's attitude towards his/her subject	21
7870476537	Onomatopoeia	A word that imitates the sound it represents.	22
7870476538	Idiom	a group of words established by usage as an expression not to be taken literally.	23
7870476539	line	the way in which a poem is written. These can vary in length.	24
7870476540	Ballad	a type of narrative poem that tells a story. It is meant to be sung or recited. It contains a setting, plot, conflict, and characters.	25
7870476541	Epic	a long narrative poem about the adventures of a hero whose actions reflect the ideals and values of a nation or group.	26
7870476542	Blank Verse	Unrhymed lines of iambic pentameter.	27
7870667329	meter	the poetry's rhythm, or pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables. It's measured in units of feet.	28
7870677750	iambic	a type of metric foot with one unstressed and then stressed. example bal-LOON	29
7870689291	trochaic	a type of metric foot starting with stressed, then unstressed.	30
7870727139	monometer	one poetic foot (number of syllables 2/3)	31
7870736226	dimeter	two poetic feet in a line.	32
7870759889	trimeter	three poetic feet in a line.	33
7870770584	tetrameter	four poetic feet in a line.	34
7870773336	pentameter	five poetic feet in a line.	35
7870476543	Sonnet	a poem that has a formal structure, containing 14 lines and a specific rhyme scheme and meter depending on type.	36
7870476544	Lyric	a type of reflective, subjective with regular rhyme scheme and meter poetry that presents the thoughts and feelings of a speaker. They can cover a variety of subjects: love, death, everyday experiences	37
7870565092	Narrative	nondramatic, objective verse with regular rhyme scheme and meter which relates to a story or narrative.	38
7870859964	personification	figurative language in which objects have human qualities.	39
7870907267	Allusion	a reference to an outside fact, event, or other source (Biblical, mythological, historical, literary, etc.)	40
11377907413	elegy	a poem of lament, meditating on the death of an individual	41
11377919576	Shakespearean sonnet	poem contains 3 quatrains and a concluding couplet with iambic pentameter.	42
11377932860	end rhyme	rhyme occurring at the ends of verse lines; most common.	43
11377938209	internal rhyme	rhyme contained within a line of verse.	44
11377968117	refrain	phrase, line, or group of lines repeated at intervals throughout a poem	45
11377972798	quatrain	a four-line stanza	46
11377974750	caesura	a pause in the meter or rhythm of a line	47
11377978055	enjambment	a run-on line, continuing into the next without a grammatical/pause break	48

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AP Spanish Flashcards

Quiero que hagas las actividad de "learn" para ganar 5/5

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6541375477	aceptar	to accept	0
6541375478	permitir	to allow	1
6541375479	preguntar	to ask	2
6541375480	dejar	to allow, starts with 'd'	3
6541375481	creer	to believe	4
6541375482	prestar	to borrow	5
6541375483	romper	to break	6
6541375484	traer	to bring	7
6541375485	comprar	to buy	8
6541375486	poder	can/to be able	9
6541375487	cancelar	to cancel	10
6541375488	cambiar	to change	11
6541375489	limpiar	to clean	12
6541375490	peinar	to comb	13
6541375491	quejarse	to complain	14
6541375492	toser	to cough	15
6541375493	contar	to count	16
6541375494	cortar	to cut	17
6541375496	dibujar	to draw	18
6541375498	conducir	to drive	19
6541375500	explicar	to explain	20
6541375501	caerse	to fall	21
6541375502	llenar	to fill	22
6541375503	encontrar	to find	23
6541375504	terminar	to finish	24
6541375505	caber	to fit	25
6541375506	reparar	to fix	26
6541375507	volar	to fly	27
6541375508	como punto de partida	as a point of departure	28
6541375509	en primer lugar	in the first place	29
6541375510	con respecto a	with respect to (regarding)	30
6541375511	actualmente	presently	31
6541375512	hasta el momento	until now	32
6541375513	mientras tanto	meanwhile	33
6541375514	a pesar de (que)	in spite of (use "que" if followed by a conjugated verb)	34
6541375515	de lo contrario	otherwise	35
6541375516	en cambio	on the other hand	36
6541375517	por el contrario	on the contrary	37
6541375518	sin embargo	however	38
6541375519	de todos modos	nevertheless	39
6541375520	así que	so, therefore	40
6541375521	con relación a	in relation to	41
6541375522	conviene indicar (que)	it is suitable to indicate(that)	42
6541375523	en cuanto a	regarding	43
6541375524	por lo común	as a rule (usually)	44
6541375525	también viene al caso	it is also to the point	45
6541375526	para mí	in my opinion	46
6541375527	de hecho	in fact (as a matter of fact)	47
6541375528	en otras palabras, o sea (que), es decir (que)	in other words	48
6541375529	mejor dicho (que)	better said	49
6541375530	hay que tomar en cuenta que...	one must realize (take into account) that...	50
6541375531	sin duda, no cabe duda (de que)	without a doubt	51
6541375532	sobre todo	above all	52
6541375533	para ilustrar	to illustrate	53
6541375534	a fin de cuentas	in the end	54
6541375535	al parecer, por lo visto	apparently (seemingly)	55
6541375536	como consecuencia/resultado	as a result (consequently)	56
6541375537	en resumen, en suma	in summary	57
6541375538	en resumidas cuentas	in short	58
6541375539	por consiguiente, por eso, por lo tanto	therefore	59
6541375540	por lo mismo	for the same reason	60
6541375541	puesto que, ya que	since, seeing that	61
6541375542	como quieras	whatever you say	62
6541375543	me da igual/lo mismo	it's all the same to me	63
6541375544	de acuerdo	okay, I agree	64
6541375545	ni hablar, ¡Qué va!	no way	65
6541375546	ni lo sueñes	don't even think about it	66
6541375547	figúrate	imagine that	67
6541375548	parece mentira, ¡Mentira!, no lo puedo creer, ¡Qué bárbaro!	I can't believe it	68
6541375549	Qué te parece si.....?	What if (What would you think if....?)	69
6541375550	Sería mejor, más vale, mejor (+ verb)	It would be better	70
6541375551	¡Eso es el colmo!	That is the last straw!	71
6541375552	no puedo más	I can't take it anymore	72
6541375553	¡Cuánto lo siento!	I'm so sorry!	73
6541375554	no hay más remedio	there's no other choice (solution)	74
6541375555	en serio	seriously (really)	75
6541375556	eso no vale	that's not fair	76
6541375557	que yo sepa	as far as I know	77
6541375558	debe de ser...	it probably is (it must be)...	78
6541375559	¿Qué te parece?	What do you think?	79
6541375560	mediante	by means of (through)	80
6541375561	así que, en cuanto	as soon as	81
6541375562	aun	even, still	82
6541375563	aun cuando	even when	83
6541375564	cada vez que	each time that	84
6541375565	como	as, since	85
6541375566	con tal (de) que	provided that	86
6541375567	desde que	since	87
6541375568	en caso de que	in case that	88
6541375569	hasta que	until	89
6541375570	mientras	while	90
6541375571	mientras tanto	meanwhile	91
6541375572	ni...ni	neither...nor	92
6541375573	sin embargo	nevertheless (however)	93
6541375574	sin que	without	94
6541375575	tan pronto como	as soon as	95
6541375576	una vez que	once	96
6541375577	ya que	since (seeing that)	97
6541375578	a partir de	beginning with	98
6541375579	en primer lugar	in the first place	99
6541375580	para empezar	to begin	100
6541375581	a la (misma) vez	at the same time	101
6541375582	además	besides (furthermore)	102
6541375583	ahora mismo	right now	103
6541375584	al mismo tiempo	at the same time	104
6541375585	antes de + infinitive	before (action)	105
6541375586	de aquí (ahora, hoy) en adelante	from now on	106
6541375587	después de + infinitive	after (action)	107
6541375588	durante	during	108
6541375589	entonces	then	109
6541375590	hasta el momento, la fecha	until now	110
6541375591	hoy día	nowadays	111
6541375592	luego	then (later)	112
6541375593	para continuar	to continue	113
6541375594	primero	first	114
6541375595	también	also	115
6541375596	tan pronto como	as soon as	116
6541375597	de lo contrario	otherwise	117
6541375598	en cambio	on the other hand	118
6541375599	por el/al contrario	on the contrary	119
6541375600	así que	so, therefore	120
6541375601	en cuanto a	regarding	121
6541375602	hablando a	speaking of	122
6541375603	no...sino (que)	not...but rather	123
6541375604	por lo común	as a rule	124
6541375605	por lo general	generally	125
6541375606	por un lado...por otro lado	on one hand... on the other hand...	126
6541375607	también viente al caso	it is also to the point	127
6541375608	a mi parecer	in my opinion	128
6541375609	además	furthermore	129
6541375610	de hecho	in fact	130
6541375611	en otras palabras	in other words	131
6541375612	en realidad	actually	132
6541375613	es decir	that is to say	133
6541375614	lo importante es que	what is important is that	134
6541375615	lo que importa es que	what matters is that	135
6541375616	o sea	in other words	136
6541375617	sin duda	without a doubt	137
6541375618	sobre todo	above all	138
6541375619	para ilustrar	to illustrate	139
6541375620	por ejemplo	for example	140
6541375621	a causa de	because of	141
6541375622	a fin de cuentas	in the end	142
6541375623	al fin	finally	143
6541375624	al fin y al cabo	in the end	144
6541375625	al parecer	apparently	145
6541375626	como resultado	as a result	146
6541375627	en conclusión	in conclusion	147
6541375628	en fin	finally	148
6541375629	finalmente	finally	149
6541375630	para concluir	to conclude	150
6541375631	para resumir	to summarize	151
6541375632	para terminar	to end	152
6541375633	por	because of	153
6541375634	por consiguiente	therefore	154
6541375635	por ese motivo	for that reason	155
6541375636	por lo mismo	for the same reason	156
6541375637	tal vez	maybe	157
6541375638	no obstante	nevertheless	158
6541375639	por otro lado	on the other hand	159
6541375640	al contrario	on the contrary	160
6541375641	de todas maneras	anyway	161

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Flashcards

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AP Psychology - Development Flashcards

for BGHS AP Psych students (Cooley)

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6262732331	Developmental Psychology	a branch of psychology that studies physical, cognitive, and social change throughout the life span	0
6262732332	Zygote	a fertilized egg	1
6262732333	Fetus	the developing human organism from 9 weeks after conception to birth	2
6262732334	Embryo	stage in prenatal development from 2 to 8 weeks	3
6262732335	teratogens	agents, such as chemicals and viruses, that can reach the embryo or fetus during prenatal development and cause harm	4
6262732336	Attachment	The strong bond (social-emotional) a child forms with his or her primary caregiver.	5
6262732337	Maturation	the internally programmed growth of a child	6
6262732338	Assimilation	the process of assimilating new ideas into an existing cognitive structure	7
6262732339	Accommodation	in the theories of Jean Piaget: the modification of internal representations in order to accommodate a changing knowledge of reality	8
6262732340	Sensorimotor Stage	the first stage in Piaget's theory, during which the child relies heavily on innate motor responses to stimuli	9
6262732341	Object Permanence	the awareness that things continue to exist even when not perceived	10
6262732342	Preoperational Stage	the second stage in Piaget's theory, marked by well-developed mental representation and the use of language	11
6262732343	Egocentrism	In Piaget's theory, the preoperational child's difficulty taking another's point of view.	12
6262732344	Concrete Operational Stage	the third of Piaget's stages, when a child understands conversation but still is incapable of abstract thought	13
6262732345	Conservation	the principle that properties such as mass, volume, and number remain the same despite changes in the forms of objects	14
6262732346	Theory of Mind	an awareness that other people's behavior may be influenced by beliefs, desires, and emotions that differ from one's own	15
6262732347	Temperament	individuals characteritc manner of behavior or reaction assumed to have a strong genetic basis	16
6262732348	Adolescence	the time period between the beginning of puberty and adulthood	17
6262732349	Puberty	the period of sexual maturation, during which a person becomes capable of reproducing	18
6262732350	Primary Sex Characteristics	the body structures (ovaries, testes, and external genitalia) that make sexual reproduction possible	19
6262732351	Secondary Sex Characteristics	Physical features that are associated with gender but that are not directly involved in reproduction.	20
6262732352	Formal Operational Stage	in Piaget's theory, the stage of cognitive development during which people begin to think logically about abstract concepts	21
6262732353	Mary Ainsworth	developmental psychology; compared effects of maternal separation, devised patterns of attachment; "The Strange Situation": observation of parent/child attachment	22
6262732354	Albert Bandura	pioneer in observational learning (AKA social learning), stated that people profit from the mistakes/successes of others; Studies: Bobo Dolls-adults demonstrated 'appropriate' play with dolls, children mimicked play	23
6262732356	Erik Erikson	neo-Freudian, humanistic; 8 psychosocial stages of development: theory shows how people evolve through the life span. Each stage is marked by a psychological crisis that involves confronting "Who am I?"	24
6262732357	Carol Gilligan	Moral development studies to follow up Kohlberg. She studied girls and women and found that they scored different on Kohlberg's scale because they focused more on relationships rather than laws and principles.	25
6262732359	Harry Harlow	development, contact/creature comfort, attachment; experimented with baby rhesus monkeys and presented them with cloth or wire "mothers;" showed that the monkeys became attached to the cloth mothers because of contact comfort	26
6262732360	Lawrence Kohlberg	moral development; presented boys moral dilemmas and studied their responses and reasoning processes in making moral decisions. Most famous moral dilemma is "Heinz" who has an ill wife and cannot afford the medication. Should he steal the medication and why?	27
6262732362	Jean Piaget	Four stage theory of cognitive development: 1. sensorimotor, 2. preoperational, 3. concrete operational, and 4. formal operational. He said that the two basic processes work in tandem to achieve cognitive growth-assimilation and accomodation	28
6262732364	Lev Vygotsky	child development; investigated how culture & interpersonal communication guide development; zone of proximal development; play research	29
6262732365	Fetal alcohol syndrome	a medical condition in which body deformation or facial development or mental ability of a fetus is impaired because the mother drank alcohol while pregnant	30
6262732366	Habituation	a general accommodation to unchanging environmental conditions (pic is Piaget)	31
6262732367	Cognition	the psychological result of perception and learning and reasoning	32
6262732368	Schema	In observational learning, a generalized idea that captures the important components, but not every exact detail. Pertaining to memory and person perception, a generalized idea about objects, people, and events that are encountered frequently.	33
6262732369	Autism	a disorder that appears in childhood and is marked by deficient communication, social interaction, and understanding of others' states of mind	34
6262732370	Stranger Anxiety	the fear of strangers that infants commonly display, beginning by about 8 months of age	35
6262732371	Critical Period	an optimal period shortly after birth when an organism's exposure to certain stimuli or experiences produces proper development	36
6262732372	Basic Trust	according to Erik Erikson, a sense that the world is predictable and trustworthy; said to be formed during infancy by appropriate experiences with responsive caregivers	37
6262732373	Self Concept	a sense of one's identity and personal worth	38
6262732374	Gender Typing	The process of developing the behaviors, thoughts, and emotions associated with a particular gender.	39
6262732375	Social Learning theory	Bandura's view of human development; emphasizes interaction	40
6262732376	Gender	in psychology, the biologically and socially influenced characteristics by which people define male and female.	41
6262732377	X chromosome	the sex chromosome that is present in both sexes: singly in males and doubly in females	42
6262732378	Y Chromosome	the sex chromosome that is carried by men	43
6262732379	Testosterone	a potent androgenic hormone produced chiefly by the testes	44
6262732380	Role	the actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group	45
6262732381	Gender Identity	your identity as it is experienced with regard to your individuality as male or female	46
6262732383	identity	the individual characteristics by which a thing or person is recognized or known	47
6262732384	social identity	the "we" aspect of our self-concept; the part of our answer to "who am I?" that comes from our group memberships	48
6262732385	intimacy	a usually secretive or illicit sexual relationship	49
6262732386	emerging adulthood	For some people in modern cultures, a period from the late teens to early twenties, bridging the gap between adolescent dependence and full independence and responsible adulthood	50
6262732387	menopause	the time in a woman's life in which the menstrual cycle ends	51
6262732388	cross-sectional study	a study in which people of different ages are compared with one another	52
6262732389	longitudal study	Research in which the same people are restudies and retested over a long period	53
6262732390	crystallized intelligence	one's accumulated knowledge and verbal skills; tends to increase with age	54
6262732391	fluid intelligence	one's ability to reason speedily and abstractly; tends to decrease during late adulthood	55
6262732392	social clock	the culturally preferred timing of social events such as marriage, parenthood, and retirement	56
6262732393	alzheimers disease	an irreversible, progressive brain disorder, characterized by the deterioration of memory, language, and eventually, physical functioning	57
6262732394	aggression	violent action that is hostile and usually unprovoked	58
6262732395	gender role	the overt expression of attitudes that indicate to others the degree of your maleness or femaleness	59
6262732397	infantile amnesia	the inability to remember events from early childhood. It is explained by a theory that a memory for skills develops earlier than a fact-memory system, which may not develop until the third year. Thus a person may learn skills without remembering how the skills were acquired.	60

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Chapter 3 - AP Biology Flashcards

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7406169763	Polar molecule	A molecule (such as water) with opposite charges on opposite sides.	0
7406169764	Cohesion	hydrogen bonds that hold a substance together	1
7406169765	Adhesion	the clinging of one substance to another	2
7406169766	Surface tension	a measure of how difficult it is to to stretch or break the surface of a liquid	3
7406169767	Kinetic energy	the energy of motion	4
7406169768	Heat	a measure of the total amount of kinetic energy due to molecular motion in a body of matter	5
7406169769	Temperature	measures the intensity of heat due to average kinetic energy of the molecules	6
7406169770	Celsius scale	A temperature scale that measures the freezing point of water at 0°C and the boiling point of water at 100°C	7
7406169771	Calorie (cal)	the amount heat it takes to raise the temperature of 1 g of water by 1 degree C (or the amount of heat that 1 g of water releases when it cools by 1 degree C)	8
7406169772	Kilocalorie (kcal)	(1,000 calories) is the quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 kilogram of water by 1 degree C	9
7406169773	Joule	a unit of energy	10
7406169774	Specific heat	the amount of heat that must be absorbed or lost for 1 g of that substance to change its temperature by 1 degree C	11
7406169775	Heat of vaporization	the quantity of heat a liquid must absorb for 1 g of it to be converted from the liquid to the gaseous state	12
7406169776	Evaporative cooling	when a liquid evaporates, the surface of the liquid that remains behind cools down - this occurs because the "hottest" molecules, those with the greatest kinetic energy, are most likely to leave as gas	13
7406169777	Solution	a liquid that is a completely homogeneous mixture of two or more substances	14
7406169778	Solvent	the dissolving agent of a solution	15
7406169779	Solute	the substance that is dissolved by the solvent	16
7406169780	Aqueous solution	a solution in which water is the solvent	17
7406169781	Hydration shell	the sphere of water molecules around each dissolved ion	18
7406169782	Hydrophilic	any substance that has an affinity (love) for water	19
7406169783	Colloid	a stable suspension of fine particles in a liquid	20
7406169784	Hydrophobic	substances that are nonionic and nonpolar that actually seem to repel water	21
7406169785	Molecular mass	the sum of the masses of all the atoms in a molecule	22
7406169786	Mole (mol)	The number of grams of a substance that equals its molecular weight in daltons and contains Avogadro's number of molecules.	23
7406169787	Molarity	the number of moles of solute per liter of solution, is the concentration most often used by biologists for aqueous solutions	24
7406169788	Hydrogen ion	a single proton with a charge of 1+ left	25
7406169789	Hydroxide ion (OH-)	a water molecule that has lost a H+	26
7406169790	Hydronium ion (H30+)	when a proton binds to another water molecule	27
7406169791	Acid	a substance that increase the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution	28
7406169792	Base	a substance that reduces the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution	29
7406169793	Buffers	substances that minimize changes in the concentration of H+ and OH- in a solution	30
7406169794	Acid precipitation	rain, snow, or fog with a pH lower or more acidic than pH 5.6	31

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Period 2 AP Review Flashcards

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4191477762	Alexander the Great	Conqueror of the Persian Empire and part of northwest India	0
4191477763	Aryans	Pastoralists who moved into India around the time of the Indus Valley civilization collapse	1
4191478910	Caesar Augustus	Great-nephew/adopted son of Julius Caesar who became sole leader of Roman state	2
4191478911	Hoplite	A heavily armed Greek infantryman	3
4191479278	Patricians	Wealthy, privileged Romans who dominated early Roman society	4
4191479279	Pax Romana	"Roman Peace" term most often used to denote stability and prosperity in the early Roman Empire	5
4191479572	Plebeians	Poorer, less privileged Romans who gradually won a role in Roman politics	6
4191479573	Yellow Turban Rebellion	A major Chinese peasant revolt that helped cause the fall of the Han Dynasty	7
4191479574	Atman	The human soul, which seeks Brahman	8
4191479955	Brahman	The "World Soul" or final reality in Hindu belief	9
4191479956	Buddhism	The cultural/religious tradition first enunciated by Siddhartha Gautama	10
4191479957	Confuciansism	Chinese philosophy, advocating the moral example of superiors as the key element of social order.	11
4191479958	Daoism	Chinese philosophy that advocates simplicity and understanding of the world of nature	12
4191480333	Filial Piety	The honoring of one's ancestors and parents; key in confucianism	13
4191480334	Judaism	Monotheistic religion, emphasizing a sole personal god with concerns for social justice	14
4191480335	Karma	In Hinduism, the determining factor of the level at which the individual is reincarnated.	15
4191480606	Legalism	Chinese philosophy distinguished by an adherence to clear laws with vigorous punishments	16
4191480607	Moksha	Hindu belief, liberation from separate existence and union with Brahman	17
4191480608	Nirvana	End goal of Buddhism, in which individual identity is "extinguished" into a state of serenity and great compassion	18
4191481042	Caste	System of social organization in India; division of the populace into four inherited classes (varna) with the addition of thousands of social distinctions based on occupation (jatis)	19
4191481429	Ksatriya	Indian social class of warriors and rulers	20
4191481430	Vaisya	Indian social class that was originally farmers but extended to include merchants	21
4191482453	Untouchables	Indian social class under the sudras that performs the most unclean polluting work	22
4191520443	Sudras	Lowest Indian social class of varna; regarded as servants.	23

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AP Biology - Chapter 15 Flashcards

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5401481493	chromosome theory of inheritance	a basic principle in biology stating that genes are located on chromosomes and that the behavior of chromosomes during meiosis accounts for inheritance patterns	0
5401481494	wild type	an individual with the phenotype most commonly observed in natural populations; also refers to the phenotype itself	1
5401481496	sex-linked gene	a gene located on a sex chromosome (usually the X chromosome), resulting in a distinctive pattern of inheritance	2
5401481497	duchenne muscular dystrophy	a human genetic disease caused by a sex-linked recessive allele; characterized by progressive weakening and a loss of muscle tissue	3
5401481498	hemophila	a human genetic disease caused by a sex-linked recessive allele resulting in the absence of one or more blood-clotting proteins; characterized by excessive bleeding following injury	4
5401481500	linked genes	genes located close enough together on a chromosome that they tend to be inherited together	5
5401481501	genetic recombination	general term for the production of offspring with combinations of traits that differ from those found in either parent	6
5401481502	parental type	an offspring with a phenotype that matches one of the parental phenotypes; also refers to the phenotype itself	7
5401481503	recombinant type (recombinant)	an offspring whose phenotype differs from that of the parents; also refers to the phenotype itself	8
5401481504	crossing over	the reciprocal exchange of genetic material between nonsister chromatids during prophase I of meiosis	9
5401481505	genetic map	an ordered list of genetic loci (genes or other genetic markers) along a chromosome	10
5401481506	linkage map	a genetic map based on the frequencies of recombination between markers during crossing over of homologous chromosomes	11
5401481507	map units	a unit of measurement of the distance between genes. one map unit is equivalent to a 1% recombination frequency	12
5401481508	cytogenic maps	a chart of a chromosome that locates genes with respect to chromosomal features distinguishable in a microscope	13
5401481509	nondisjunction	an error in meiosis or mitosis in which members of a pair of homologous chromosomes or a pair of sister chromatids fail to separate properly from each other	14
5401481510	aneuploidy	a chromosomal aberration in which one or more chromosomes are present in extra copies or deficient in number	15
5401481511	monosomic	referring to a cell that has only one copy of a particular chromosome instead of the normal two	16
5401481512	trisomic	referring to a diploid cell that has three copies of a particular chromosome instead of the normal two	17
5401481513	polyploidy	a chromosomal alteration in which the organism possesses more than two complete chromosome sets. it is the result of an accident of cell division	18
5401481514	deletion	a deficiency in a chromosome resulting from the loss of a fragment through breakage; a mutational loss of one or more nucleotide pairs from a gene	19
5401481515	duplication	an aberration in chromosome structure due to fusion with a fragment from a homologous chromosome, such that a portion of a chromosome is duplicated	20
5401481516	inversion	an aberration in chromosome structure resulting from reattachment of a chromosomal fragment in a reverse orientation to the chromosome from which it originated	21
5401481517	translocation	an aberration in chromosome structure resulting from attachment of a chromosomal fragment to a nonhomologous chromosome	22
5401481518	down syndrome	a human genetic disease caused by the presence of an extra chromosome 21; characterized by mental retardation and heart and respiratory defects	23
5401481519	klinefelter syndrome	XXY, people with this disorder have male sex organs, but the testes are abnormally small and the man is sterile	24
5401481520	turner syndrome	XO, people with this disorder are phenotypically female, they are sterile because their sex organs do not mature	25

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AP Physics 1 : Electrostatics Flashcards

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6688672033	anion	a negatively charged ion	0
6688672034	attract	opposite charges do this	1
6688672035	capacitor	store energy and charge by holding electrons on plates separated by a very small distances	2
6688672036	cation	positively charged ion	3
6688672037	charge	the fundamental electrical property to which the mutual attractions or repulsions between electrons or protons is attributed	4
6688672038	charge by contact	where objects rub against each other to produce electric charge	5
6688672039	charged by induction	process of rearranging electrons on a neutral object by bringing a charged object closed to it	6
6688672040	charged	referring to matter having an excess of electrons or a deficiency of electrons	7
6688672041	conductor	material, usually a metal, through which electric charge can flow; good conductors of heat are generally good charge conductors	8
6688672042	conservation of charge	the principle that net electric charge is neither created nor destroyed but is transferable from one material to another	9
6688672044	coulomb	SI unit of charge. One coulomb (symbol C) is equal to the total charge of 6.24 X 1018 electrons	10
6688672045	coulomb's constant	value of k in Coulomb's Law.	11
6688672046	coulomb's law	the relationship among electrical force, charges, and distance; the electrical force between two charges varies directly as the product of the charges and inversely as the square of the distance between them	12
6688672048	electric charge	charge obtained by an object when it gains or loses electrons	13
6688672049	electric field	a field of force surrounding a charged particle	14
6688672050	electric field lines	shows direction charged particles will move; direction is for positively charged particles; the closer the lines the stronger the electric field	15
6688672051	electric field strength	a quantitative expression of the intensity of an electric field at a particular location	16
6688672052	electrical force	a force that one charge exerts on another. When the charges are the same sign, they repel; when the charges are opposite, they attract	17
6688672053	electrically polarized	term applied to an atom or molecule in which the charges are aligned so that one side is slightly more positive or negative than the opposite side	18
6688672054	electrons	these have a negative charge and orbit the nucleus	19
6688672055	electrostatics	the study of electric charges at rest	20
6688672056	electrostatic equilibrium	that there is no net flow of electric charge or no electric current	21
6688672058	equilibrium	a stable situation in which forces cancel one another	22
6688672059	field force	force exerted upon another object without physical contact in an electric field	23
6688672060	grounding	allowing charges to move freely along a connection between a conductor and the ground	24
6688672061	induced	term applied to electric charge that has been redistributed on an object because of the presence of a charged object nearby	25
6688672062	induction	the charging of an object without direct contact	26
6688672063	insulator	material that is a poor conductor of electricity	27
6688672064	ion	a particle that is electrically charged	28
6688672065	law of conservation of charge	charge is neither created or destroyed	29
6688672066	magnitude	how big something is	30
6688672067	negative charge	the charge an object has when it has gained electrons	31
6688672068	neutrons	the particles of the nucleus that have no charge	32
6688672069	positive charge	the charge an object ha when it has lost electrons	33
6688672070	protons	positively charged particles located in the nucleus	34
6688672071	q	symbol used for charge	35
6688672072	quantized	comes in certain very small amounts	36
6688672073	repel	two charged that are the same do this	37
6688672074	Robert Millikan	calculated the charge on an electron and its mass (oil droplet)	38
6688672075	semi-conductor	aterial that can be made to behave as either a conductor or an insulator of electricity	39
6688672076	sink	a process that acts to absorb or remove energy or a substance from a system	40
6688672077	static	the build up of electric charges on an object	41
6688672078	static electricity	occurs when electric chargers build up when materials are pulled apart or rubbed together	42
6688672079	super conductor	a substance that undergoes a change at low temperatures that allows it to conduct electricity with zero resistance	43
6688672080	super-position	the voltage or the current across a conductor in a circuit is the same as obtained by superimposing the voltage and currents due to each of the emfs individually	44
6688672081	torsion balance	measuring instrument designed to measure small forces by the torsion they exert on a thin wire	45
6688672082	volt	the standard unit of potential difference and electromotive force	46

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APES Vocabulary 3 Flashcards

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4680396885	Hydrological cycle	The natural cycle by which water is circulated between various reservoirs on or beneath the Earth's surface and the atmosphere. The main source of energy that drives the cycle is heat from the Sun. Evaporation, transpiration, runoff, condensation, precipitation and infiltration.	0
4680402661	Nitrogen fixation	The process by which atmospheric nitrogen (N2) is converted from unusable diatomic form into usable ammonia (NH3) (by bacteria such as rhizobium or cyanobacteria) that can be absorbed by plants.	1
4680406581	Ammonification	Nitrogen is converted into ammonifying bacteria; may occur when nitrogen in organic wastes in the soil are converted to ammonia or when atmospheric nitrogen (N2) is converted to (NH3)	2
4680408352	Nitrification	The biological oxidation of ammonia or ammonium (in dead organic material) into nitrates and nitrites by soil bacteria. The transformation of ammonia to nitrite is usually the rate limiting step of nitrification.	3
4680412766	Denitrification	Bacteria convert nitrate (NO3-) and nitrite (NO2-) back into atmospheric nitrogen. Bacteria convert ammonia (NH3) back to nitrogen (N2) or N2O-typically done by anaerobic bacteria	4
4680420013	Assimilation	Inorganic nitrogen (N2) is converted into organic molecules such as DNA/amino acids and proteins. Plants assimilate N as ammonium (NH4+) or nitrate (NO3-) through their roots Animals assimilate organic N compounds by eating plants	5
4680425868	Distinguishing characteristic of Phosphate Cycle	Phosphorus does not circulate as easily as nitrogen because it does not exist as a gas, but is released by slow weathering of phosphate (PO4 3-) rocks. This is an exclusively sedimentary cycle...it is never found as a gas	6
4680429465	Excess phosphate in aquatic ecosystems	Added through runoff of animal wastes, excess fertilizer, and discharge of sewage. A limiting factor in freshwater ecosystems. Excess P leads to eutrophication.	7
4680432172	Carbon sinks	Places such as forests, ocean sediments, and rocks and soil, where accumulated carbon does not readily reenter the carbon cycle.	8
4680438917	Biome	A large region characterized by a specific type of climate, soil, and certain types of plant and animal communities. Terrestrial biome determining factors are temperature and precipitation. Aquatic biome determining factors are salinity and sunlight.	9

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AP Flashcards

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6591175277	Simile	A comparison using "like" or "as"	0
6591180326	Metaphor	A comparison that establishes a figurative identity between objects being compared. A comparison without using like or as.	1
6591187705	Metonymy	A figure of speech in which something is referred to by using the name of something that is associated with it	2
6591189926	Personification	A figure of speech in which an object or animal is given human feelings, thoughts, or attitudes	3
6591194182	Oxymoron	A figure of speech that combines opposite or contradictory terms in a brief phrase.	4
6591196506	Irony	A contrast between expectation and reality	5
6591197879	Foreshadowing	An author's use of hints or clues to suggest events that will occur later in the story	6
6591199363	Imagery	Description that appeals to the senses (sight, sound, smell, touch, taste)	7
6591200970	Archetype	A prototype or original model A detail, image, or character type that occurs frequently in literature and myth and is thought to appeal in a universal way to the unconscious and to evoke a response	8
6591200971	Flashback	A scene or event from the past that appears in a narrative out of chronological order, to fill in information or explain something in the present.	9
6591203124	Tone	A writer's attitude toward his or her subject matter revealed through diction, figurative language, and organization on the sentence and global levels.	10
6591203125	Mood	Feeling or atmosphere that a writer creates for the reader	11
6591203126	Foil	A character who is in most ways opposite to the main character (protagonist) or one who is nearly the same as the protagonist. The purpose of the foil character is to emphasize the traits of the main character by contrast only	12
6591206732	Euphemism	A polite or vague word or phrase used to replace another word or phrase that is thought of as too direct or rude.	13
6591207889	Setting	The place or type of surroundings where something is positioned or where an event takes place.	14
6591207890	Paradox	A statement or proposition that seems self-contradictory or absurd but in reality expresses a possible truth.	15
6591213333	Theme	Central idea of a work of literature	16
6591213334	Symbolism	A device in literature where an object represents an idea.	17
6591218862	Onomatopoeia	A word that imitates the sound it represents.	18
6591220500	Assonance	Repetition of a vowel sound within two or more words in close proximity	19
6591224479	Alliteration	Repetition of consonant sounds	20
6591225641	Pun	A joke exploiting the different possible meanings of a word or the fact that there are words that sound alike but have different meanings.	21
6591226865	Repetition	Repeated use of sounds, words, or ideas for effect and emphasis	22
6591226887	Apostrophe	A figure of speech that directly addresses an absent or imaginary person or a personified abstraction, such as liberty or love.	23
6591229122	Hyperbole	A figure of speech that uses exaggeration to express strong emotion, make a point, or evoke humor	24
6591229123	Allusion	A brief and indirect reference to a person, place, thing or idea of historical, cultural, literary or political significance.	25
6591232053	Connotation	An idea that is implied or suggested	26
6591232054	Idiom	An expression that cannot be understood if taken literally (ex- "Get your head out of the clouds").	27
6591233661	Diction	A writer's or speaker's choice of words	28
6591233662	Motif	A recurring theme, subject or idea	29

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