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AP Language All Vocabulary Flashcards

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5572111069Folly(n) lack of good sense; foolishness0
5572111070Euphemism(n) a mild or indirect word or expression substituted for one considered to be too harsh or blunt when referring to something unpleasant or embarrassing1
5572111071Disdain(n) the feeling that someone or something is unworthy of one's consideration or respect; contempt2
5572111072Deprecate(v) to express disapproval of3
5572111073Utter(adj) complete; absolute4
5572111074Aptitude(n) a natural ability to do something5
5572111075Dissemination(n) the act of spreading something, especially information, widely; circulation6
5572111076Exemplary(adj) serving as a desirable model; representing the best of its kind7
5572111077Provocative(ad) causing annoyance, anger, or another strong reaction, especially deliberately8
5572111078Entice(v) attract or tempt by offering pleasure or advantage9
5572111079Coalesce(v) come together and form one mass or whole10
5572111080Paradoxical(adj) seemingly absurd or self-contradictory11
5572111081Troupe(n) a group of dancers, actors, or other entertainers who tour as a group12
5572111082Redemptive(adj) acting to save someone from error or evil13
5572111083Lenient(adj) (of punishment or a person in authority) permissive, merciful, or tolerant14
5572111084Discursive(adj) distressing from subject to subject15
5572111085Witty(adj) showing or characterized by quick and inventive verbal humor16
5572111086Fervent(adj) having or displaying a passionate intensity17
5572111087Solemnity(n) a state or quality of being serious and dignified18
5572111088Ascertain(v) find (something) out for certain; make sure of19
5572111089Balletic(adj) of or relating to a characteristic of ballet; graceful20
5572111090Diminutive(adj) extremely or unusually small21
5572111091Evoke(v) to bring or recall to the conscious mind22
5572111092Precipitous(adj) dangerously high or steep23
5572111093Paucity(n) smaller or insufficient quantity24
5572111094Grandeur(n) splendor and impressiveness, especially of appearance and style25
5572111095Finesse(n) intricate and refined delicacy26
5572111096Discord(n) disagreement; conflict27
5572111097Discernible(adj) able to be perceived28
5572111098Heedless(adj) showing reckless lack of care29
5572111099Illicit(adj) forbidden by laws, rules, or custom30
5572111100Humility(n) a modest or low view of one's importance; humbleness31
5572111101Affirmation(n) the action or process of stating something as fact or publicly supporting something32
5572111102Cynical(adj) believing that people are motivated by self-interest; distrustful of human sincerity or integrity33
5572111103Stasis(n) a period or state of inactivity or equilibrium34
5572111104Aesthetic(adj) concerned with beauty or the appreciation of beauty; (n) a set of principles underlying and guiding the work of a particular artistic movement35
5572111105Exuberance(n) the quality of being full of energy, excitement, and cheerfulness36
5572111106Jargon(n) special words or expressions that are used by a particular profession or group and are difficult for others to understand37
5572111107Synonymous(adj) closely associated with or suggestive of something38
5572111108Uncanny(adj) strange or mysterious, especially in an unsettling way39
5572111109Pious(adj) devoutly religious40
5572111110Urbane(adj) (of a person) suave, courteous, and refined in manner41
5572111111Colloquial(adj) (of language) used in ordinary or familiar conversation; not formal or literary42
5572111112Pedantic(adj) excessively concerned with minor details and rules, especially in teaching and learning43
5572111113Prudent(adj) acting with or showing care and thought for the future44
5572111114Ornate(adj) made in an intricate shape or decorated with complex patterns45
5572111115Inherent(adj) existing in something as a permanent, essential, or characteristic attribute46
5572111116Deference(n) humble submission and respect47
5572111117Implicit(adj) implied though not plainly expressed48
5572111118Imponderable(adj) difficult or impossible to estimate, asses, or answer49
5572111119Epoch(n) a period of time in history or a person's life, typically one marked by notable events or particular characteristics50
5572111120Ardurous(adj) involving or requiring strenuous effort; difficult and tiring51
5572111121Assail(v) to make a concerted or violent attack on52
5572111122Tedious(adj) too long, slow, or dull: tiresome or monotonous53
5572111123Snobbish(adj) of, characteristic of, or like a person with an exaggerated respect for high social position or wealth who seeks to associate with social superiors and dislikes people or activities regarded as lower-class54
5572111124Deferential(adj) showing humble submission; respectful55
5572111125Etiquette(n) the customary code of polite behavior in society or among members of a particular profession or group56
5572111126Concord(n) agreement or harmony between people or groups57
5572111127Impressionistic(adj) based on subjective reactions presented unsystematically; involving general feelings or thoughts rather than specific knowledge or facts58
5572111128Moralistic(adj) having or showing strong opinions about what is right behavior and what is wrong behavior59
5572113394aloofnot friendly or forthcoming60
5572116234refuteprove to be wrong or false; disprove61
5572118531treatisea written work dealing formally and systematically with a subject62
5572119823sardonicgrimly mocking63
5572121877unorthodoxcontrary to what is usual, traditional, or accepted64
5572127070cynicalbelieving that people are motivated by self-interest; distrustful of human sincerity or integrity65
5572128757fleetinglasting for a very short time66
5572132612ambivalenthaving mixed feelings or contradictory ideas about something or someone67
5572136338empiricalbased on, concerned with, or verifiable by observation or experience rather than theory or pure logic68
5572138614conjecturean opinion or conclusion formed on the basis of incomplete information69
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AP World History, Chapter 20 Flashcards

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6139905045factoriesEuropean trading fortresses and compounds with resident merchants; utilized throughout Portuguese trading empire to assure secure landing places and commerce0
6139912898El MinaMost important of early Portuguese trading factories in forest zone of Africa1
6139918657Nzinga MvembaKing of Kongo south of Zaire River from 1507 to 1543; converted to Christianity and took title Alfonso I; under Portuguese influence attempted to Christianize all of kingdom2
6139955510LuandaPortuguese factory established in 1520s of Kongo; became basis for Portuguese colony of Angola3
6139963523Royal African CompanyChartered in 1660s to establish a monopoly over the slave trade among British merchants; supplied African slaves to colonies in Barbados, Jamaica and Virginia4
6139971583Indies pieceTerm used within the complex exchange system established by Spanish for African trade; refereed to the value of an adult male slave5
6139979386triangular tradecommerce linking Africa, the new World colonies, and Europe; slaves carried to America for sugar and tobacco transported to Europe6
6139988159Asante empireestablished in Gold Coast among Akan people settled around Kumasi' dominated by Oyono clan; many clans linked under Osei Tutu after 16507
6139988160asantehenetitle taken by ruler of Asante empire; supreme civil and religious leader; authority symbolized by golden stool8
6139990937Osier Tutumember of Oyono clan of Akan peoples in Gold Coast region of Africa; responsible for creating unified Asante Empire in 1701; utilized Western firearms9
6140015464Dahomeykingdom developed among Fon or Aja people in 17th century; center at Abomey 70 miles from coast; under King Agaja expanded to control coastline and port of Whydah by 1727; accepted western firearms and goods in return for African slaves.10
6140028195LuoNilotic people who migrated from upper Nile valley; established dynasty among existing Bantu population in lake region of central eastern Africa; center at Bunyoro11
6140039933FulaniPastoral people of western Sudan; adopted purifying Sufi variant of Islam; under Usuman Dan Folio in 1804, launched revolt against Hausa kingdom; established state centered on Sokoto12
6140053471great trekMovement of Boer settlers in Cape Colony of southern Africa to escape influence of British colonial government in 1834; led to settlement of regions north of Orange River and Natal13
6140065365mfecaneWars of 19th century in southern Africa; created by Zulu expansion under Shaka; revolutionized political organization of southern Africa14
6140065366SwaziNew African state formed on model of Zulu chiefdom; survived mfecane15
6140067133LesothoSouthern African state that survived mfecane; not based on Zulu model; less emphasis on military organization, less authoritarian government16
6140089841Middle PassageSlave voyage from Africa to America (16th-18th century); generally a traumatic experience for black slaves; although it failed to strip Africans of their culture17
6140102599salt water slavesslaves transported from Africa; almost invariable black18
6140105271Creole slavesAmerican-born descendants of saltwater slaves; result of sexual exploitation of slave women or process of miscegenation (interbreeding of people from different races)19
6140125730obeahAfrican religious ideas and practices in the English and French Caribbean islands20
6140125731candombleAfrican religious ideas and practices in Brazil, particularly among the Yoruba people21
6140127465vodunAfrican religious ideas and practices among descendants of African slaves in Haiti22
6140138531PalmaresKingdom of runaway slaves with a population of 8000 to 10000 people; located in Brazil during the 17th century; leadership was Angolan23
6140147132SurinameFormerly a Dutch plantation colony on the coast of South America; location of runaway slave kingdom in 18th century; able to retain independence despite attempts to crush guerrilla resistance24
6140158562William WilberforceBritish statesman and reformer; leader of abolitionist movement in English parliament that led to end of English slave trade in 180725
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AP World History Chapter 7 Flashcards

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5182072597BedouinNomadic Pastoralists of the Arabian Peninsula; Culture based on camel and goat nomadism; early converts to Islam0
5182075777ShaykhsLeaders of tribes and clans within bedouin society; usually men with large herds, several wives, and many children1
5182078303MeccaCity located in mountainous region along Red Sea in Arabian Peninsula; Founded by Umayyad clan of Quraysh;site of Kab'ba; original home of Muhammed; location of chief religious pilgrimage point in Islam2
5182084893UmayyadClan of Quraysh that dominated politics and commercial economy of Mecca; clan established a dynasty under this title as rulers of Islam3
5182087593QurayshTribe of bedouins that controlled Mecca in 7th century CE4
5182089367KabbaMost revered religious shrine in pre Islamic Arabia; located in Mecca; focus of obligatory annual truce among bedouin tribes; later incorporated as important shrine in Islam5
5182095607MedinaAlso known as Yathrib; town located northeast of Mecca; grew date palms whose fruit was sold to bedouins; became refuge for Muhammad following flight from Mecca(hijra)6
5182101825AllahThe Arab term for the high god in pre Islamic Arabia that was adopted by the followers of Muhammad and the Islamic faith7
5182106220Sasanian Empiresthe dynasty that ruled Persia(contemporary Iran) inn the centuries before the rise of Muhammad and the early decades of Islamic expansion8
5182114512MuhammadProphet of Islam; born c. 570 to Banu Hashim clan of Quraysh tribe in Mecca; raised by father's family; received revelations from Allah in 610 CE and thereafter; died in 6329
5182121253KhadijahFirst wife of the prophet Muhammad who had worked for her as a trader10
5182122624QuranRecitations of revelations received by Muhammad; holy book of Islam11
5182125042Ali(c. 599-661) Cousin and son-in-law of Muhammad; one of orthodox caliphs; focus for Shia12
5182127404ummaCommunity of the faithful within Islam; transcended old tribal boundaries to create degree of political unity13
5182131072zakatTax for charity;obligatory for all Muslims14
5182134096five pillarsThe obligatory religious duties of all Muslims; confession of faith, prayer, fasting during Ramadan, zakat, and hajj15
5182136071RamadanIslamic month of religious observance requiring fasting from dawn to sunset16
5182139869hajjA Muslim's pilgrimage to the holy city of Mecca, to worship Allah at the Kabba17
5182146233caliphThe political and religious successor to Muhammad18
5182147369Abu BakrThe first caliph or leader of the Muslim faithful elected after Muhammad's death in 632. Renown for his knowledge of the nomadic tribes who then dominated the Islamic community19
5182154431Ridda WarsWars that followed MUhammad's death in 632; resulted in defeat of rival prophets nand some larger clans; restored unity of ISlam20
5182158234jihadsStruggles; often used for wars in defense of the faith, but also a term to indicate personal quests for religious understanding21
5182162049CoptsChristian section of Egypt; tended to support Islamic invasions of this area in preference to Byzantine rule22
5182164741NestoriansA Christian sect found in Asia; tended to support Islamic invasions of this area in preference to Byzantine rule; cut off from Europe by Muslim invasions23
5182167916UthmanThird caliph and member of Umayyad clan; murdered by mutinous warriors returning from Egypt; death set off civil war in Islam between followers of Ali and the Umayyad clan24
5182173490Battle of Sigginfought in 657 between forces of Ali and Umayyads; settled by negotiation that led to fragmentation of Ali's party25
5182177768Mu'awiya(602-680) Leader of Umayyad clan, first Umayyad caliph following civil war with ALi26
5182181413SunnisPolitical and theological division within Islam, supported the Umayyads27
5182182527Shi'aAKA Shiites; political and theological division withing ISlam' followers of Ali28
5182184982KarbalaSite of defeat and death of Husayn, son of Ali; marked beginning of Shia resistance to Umayyad caliphate29
5182188249DamascusSyrian city that was capital of Umayyad caliphate30
5182189550mawaliNon-Arab converts to Islam31
5182190433jizyaHead tax paid by all non believers in Islamic territories32
5182191501dhimmiLiterally "people of the book', applied as inclusive terms to JEws and Christians in Islamic territories, later extended to Zoroastrians and even Hindus33
5182195927hadithsTraditions of the prophet Muhammad34
5182197198AbbasidDynasty that succeeded the Umayyads as caliphs within ISlam,. came to power in 750 CE35
5182200144Battle of the River ZabVictory of Abbasids over Umayyads; resulted in conquest of Syria and capture of Umayyad capital36
5182203834BaghdadCapital of Abbasid dynasty located in Iraq near ancient Persian capital of Ctesiphon37
5182206636wazirChief administrative official under the Abbasid caliphate; initially recruited from Persian provinces of empire38
5182209556dhowsArab sailing vessels with triangular or lateen sails; strongly influenced European ship design39
5182212692ayanThe wealthy landed elite that emerged in the early decades of Abbasid rule40
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Ap world history section 3 Flashcards

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4897288512Persian empireLargest and most inpressive empire home to indo-european people above persian gulf0
4897288513Athenian democracyThe role of most citizens in politics and their ability to vote and make decisions1
4897288514Greco-Persian warsPersian extends domination west and Greek try to maintain land. Battle of marathon and many others2
4897288515Alexander the Great"King of Asia" led ten year expedition of Greek overtaking Persia3
4897288516Hellenistic eraWidespread dissemination of Greek culture4
4917276120AugustusRoman emperor 27BCE-14CE5
4917276121Pax RomanaThe Roman peace saying that praised Rome for its acceptance and peace6
4917276122Qin ShihuangdiFirst emperor who succeeded to equip army and expand/reunify China7
4917276123Han dynastyChinese rulers (206BCE-220CE)8
4926731497Mauryan empireEmpire with population of about 50 million with a great army.9
4926731498AshokaMauryan emperor who journaled on rocks and pillars of kingdom10
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AP World History Final Flashcards

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5691570424Paleolithic AgeThe period of the Stone Age associated with the evolution of humans.0
5691570425Neolithic AgeThe period of the Stone Age associated with the ancient Agricultural Revolution1
5691570426MegalithsStructures and complexes of very large stones constructed for ceremonial and religious pur- poses in Neolithic times.2
5691570427SumeriansThe people who dominated southern Mesopotamia through the end of the third millennium3
5691570428SemiticSemitic Family of related languages long spoken across parts of western Asia and northern Africa4
5691570429ZigguratA massive pyramidal stepped tower made of mud bricks. It is associated with religious complexes in ancient Mesopotamian cities, but its function is unknown.5
5691570430Ma'atEgyptian term for the concept of divinely created and maintained order in the universe.6
5691570431MemphisThe capital of Old Kingdom Egypt, near the head of the Nile Delta7
5691570432ThebesCapital city of Egypt and home of the ruling dynasties during the Middle and New Kingdoms8
5691570433HarappaSite of one of the great cities of the Indus Valley civilization of the third millennium B.C.E.9
5691570434LoessA fine, light silt deposited by wind and water10
5691570435ShangThe dominant people in the earliest Chinese dynasty for which we have written records11
5691570436ZhouThepeopleand dynasty that took over the dominant position in north China from the Shang and created the concept of the Mandate of Heaven to justify their rule.12
5691570437DaoismChinese school of thought, originating in the Warring States Period with Laozi.13
5691570438KushAn Egyptian name for Nubia, the region alongside the Nile River south of Egypt14
5691570439MeroeCapital of a flourishing kingdom in southern Nubia from the fourth century15
5691570440DruidsThe class of religious experts who conducted rituals and preserved sacred lore among some ancient Celtic peoples.16
5691570441ChavinThe first major urban civilization in South America17
5691570442SatrapThe governor of a province in the Achaemenid Persian Empire, often a relative of the king.18
5691570443PersepolisAcomplexof palaces, reception halls, and treasury buildings erected by the Persian kings Darius I and Xerxes in the Persian homeland.19
5691570444ZoraastrianismA religion originating in ancient Iran that became the official religion of the Achaemenids20
5691570445PolisThe Greek term for a city-state21
5691570446HopliteA heavily armored Greek infantryman of the Archaic and Classical periods22
5691570447TyrantThe term the Greeks used to describe someone who seized and held power in violation of the normal procedures and traditions of the community.23
5691570448HerodotusHeir to the technique of historia24
5691570449PericlesAristocratic leader who guided the Athenian state through the transfor- mation to full participatory democracy for all male citizens25
5691570450TriremeGreek and Phoenician warship of the fifth and fourth centuries26
5691570451SocratesAthenian philosopher27
5691570452Peloponnesian WarA protracted and costly conflict between the Athenian and Spartan alliance systems that convulsed most of the Greek world.28
5691570453Hellenistic AgeHistorians' term for the era in which Greek culture spread across western Asia and northeastern Africa29
5691570454PtolomiesTheMacedonian dynasty, descended from one of Alexander the Great's officers, that ruled Egypt for three centuries30
5691570455First Triumvirate31
5691570456Second Triumvirate32
5691570457QinApeopleandstatein the Wei Valley of eastern China that conquered rival states and created the first Chinese empire33
5691570458Shi HuangdiFounder of the short-lived Qin dynasty and creator of the Chinese Empire34
5691570459XiongnuA confederation of nomadic peoples living beyond the northwest frontier of ancient China.35
5691570460GaozuThe throne name of Liu Bang, one of the rebel leaders who brought down the Qin and founded the Han dynasty in 202 B.C.E.36
5691570461Sima QuianChief astrologer for the Han dynasty emperor Wu37
5691570462GentryIn China, the class of prosperous families, next in wealth below the rural aristocrats, from which the emperors drew their administrative personnel.38
5691570463VedasEarlyIndiansacred "knowledge"—the literal meaning of the term—long preserved and communi- cated orally by Brahmin priests and eventually writ- ten down.39
5691570464Varnaliterally "color," though the word came to indicate something akin to "class."40
5691570465MolshaTheHinduconcept of the spirit's "liberation" from the endless cycle of rebirths.41
5691570466MahayanaGreat Vehicle" branch of Bud- dhism followed in China, Japan, and Central Asia.42
5691570467TheravadaWay of the Elders" branch of Buddhism followed in Sri Lanka and much of Southeast Asia.43
5691570468AshokaThird ruler of the Mauryan Empire in India44
5691570469FiefIn medieval Europe, land granted in return for a sworn oath to provide specified military service.45
5691570470VasselIn medieval Europe, a sworn supporter of a king or lord committed to rendering specified military service to that king or lord.46
5691570471Investiture ControversyDispute between the popes and the Holy Roman Emperors over who held ultimate authority over bishops in imperial lands47
5691570472MonasticismLiving in a religious community apart from secular society and adhering to a rule stipulating chastity, obedience, and poverty.48
5691570473Li ShiminOne of the found- ers of the Tang Empire and its second emperor. He led the expansion of the empire into Central Asia49
5691570474Tang EmpireEmpire unify- ing China and part of Central Asia, founded 618 and ended 907.50
5691570475Song EmpireEmpire in central and southern China while the Liao people controlled the north.51
5691570476Neo-ConfucianismTerm used to describe new approaches to understand- ing classic Confucian texts that became the basic ruling philosophy of China from the Song period to the twentieth century.52
5691570477ShamanismThe practice of identifying special individuals (shamans) who will interact with spirits for the benefit of the community.53
5691570478KoryoKoreankingdom founded in 918 and destroyed by a Mongol invasion in 1259.54
5691570479FujiwaraAristocratic family that dominated the Japanese imperial court between the ninth and twelfth centuries.55
5691570480Kamakura ShogunateThe first of Japan's decentralized military governments56
5691570481Champa riceQuick-maturing rice that can allow two harvests in one growing season.57
5691570482SrivijayaA state based on the Indonesian island of Sumatra, between the seventh and eleventh centuries C.E58
5691570483TeotihuacanA powerful city-state in central Mexico59
5691570484AtepetlAn ethnic state in ancient Mesoamerica, the common political building block of that region.60
5691570485CalpolliA group of up to a hundred families that served as a social building block of an altepetl in ancient Mesoamerica.61
5691570486AylluAndean lineage group or kin-based community.62
5691570487Mit'aAndean labor system based on shared obligations to help kinsmen and work on behalf of the ruler and religious organizations.63
5691570488MocheCivilization of north coast of Peru64
5691570489WariAndean civilization culturally linked to Tiwanaku, perhaps beginning as a colony of Tiwanaku.65
5691570490TiwanakaName of capital city and empire centered on the region near Lake Titicaca in modern Bolivia66
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AP World History: Ch. 8 Abbasid Decline and the Spread of Islamic Civilization to South and Southeast Asia, Pt. 1 Flashcards

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5163902244LateenTriangular sails that were used on dhows that allowed them to tack against the wind.0
5163902245Four Rightly Guided CaliphsAbu Bakr, Umar, Uthman, and 'Ali1
5163902246al-MahdiThird of the Abbasid caliphs (r. 775-785) who failed to resolve significant differences with Shias, and did not resolve succession issues.2
5163902247Harun al-RashidThe most famous and enduring Abbasid caliph, who lived and built extravagantly.3
5163902248Royal AdvisorsPowerful people within the caliph's court whose role grew at the expense of the caliph.4
5163902249Civil WarsRegular occurrence at the end of a caliph's rule over who would succeed the caliph, that was deeply damaging, and had unintended consequences of the build-up of private armies.5
5163902250Slave MercenariesBecame the real power behind the Abbasid throne and were major players in the struggles for control.6
5163902251Harem and VeilTwin emblems of women's increasing subjugation to men and confinement to the home in the Abbasid ear.7
5163902252SlavesSome of the most highly educated men and women in the empire who performed domestic services in the homes of the wealthy.8
5163902253BuyidsRegional splinter dynasty of the mid-10th century who invaded and captured Baghdad and took the title of Sultan making the Abbasids their puppets.9
5163902254Seljuk TurksNomadic invaders from central Asia via Persia, who were staunch Sunnis and ruled in the name of the Abbasids.10
5163902255CrusadesSeries of military adventures initially launched by western Christians to free the Holy Land from Muslims, which temporarily succeeded in capturing Jerusalem and established Christian kingdoms.11
5163902256SaladinStrong Muslim leader in the last decades of the 12th century who reconquered most of the territory lost to Western crusaders.12
5163902257Ibn KhaldunMuslim historian who developed concept that dynasties of nomadic conquerers had a cycle of three generations: strong, weak, dissolute.13
5163902258PersianThe language that supplanted Arabic as the primary written language that was favored by Arabs, Turks, and Muslims of Persian descent.14
5163902259Rubaiyat of Omar KhayyamA piece of Persian literature well known to the West.15
5163902260Shah-Nama(Book of Kings) Written by Firdawsi, the work relates the history of Persia from the beginning of time to the Islamic conquests.16
5163902261UlamaOrthodox religious scholars within Islam who pressed for a more conservative and restrictive theology--increasingly opposed to non-Islamic ideas and scientific thinking.17
5163902262al-GhazaliIslamic theologian who struggled to fuse Greek and Qur'anic traditions, and not well accepted by the Ulama.18
5163902263SufismA reaction against the impersonal and abstract divinity that many Ulama scholars argued was the true god of the Qur'an.19
5163902264MongolsCentral Asian nomadic peoples who smashed Turko-Persian kingdoms and captured Baghdad in 1258 killing the last Abbasid caliph.20
5163902265Chinggis KhanMongol commander who was responsible for the conquest of northern kingdoms in China, and as far west as the Abbasid regions--died before conquering the heartland of the Islamic world.21
5163902266HuleguGrandson of Chinggis Khan who is responsible for the capture and destruction of Baghdad.22
5163902267MamluksTurkic slaves who ruled Egypt and defeated the Mongols.23
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AP World History Chapter 10 Flashcards

Mediterranean Society: The Greek Phase

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7404057739SocratesThe guiding figure-head in Greek philosophy and teacher to Platowho believed that his students should think for themselves, so he taught in the form of asking questions0
7404057710SpartaA polis, ruled by a dual-monarchy, that controlled the Peloponnesus with their well-trained and strong army. They had no agriculture or specialized labor. Their male population was all soldiers.1
7404057713Cult of DionysusA popular Greek cult that mostly consisted of women. These women were2
7404057714Cult of DionysusA Greek cult consisting mostly of women that praised the god of wine, known to go into a killing frenzy once a year to sacrifice people to their god. Once they became a more tame and civilized cult, they became the leading figures in theater3
7404057715StoicismThe most popular and respected Hellenistic philosophy. It taught humans were part of a universal family and it was a person's duty to help others lead virtuous lives.4
7404057717helotsPeople who were conquered and enslaved by the Spartans. They were entire slave city states that provided basic needs for Sparta(such as food and weapons)5
7404057719Alexander the GreatThe son of Philip of Macedon and creator of Hellenistic culture who was taught by Aristotle and was a brilliant military strategist, leader, and conqueror6
7404057721Alexander the GreatThe man who conquered all of Persia, overthrew the Achaemenid dynasty, and built a massive Greek empire7
7404057724PericlesA powerful and popular tyrant in Athens who controlled the Delian League's money to build up Athens to make it a prosperous and glorious city.8
7404057726HomerA Greek writer who is credited with the composition of the Iliad and the Odyssey9
7404057727OdysseyA Greek epic that explains Odysseus's journey back to Greece from Troy10
7404057728IliadA Greek epic that recounts the Trojan War11
7404057729SolonAn aristocrat in Athens who ended debt slavery.12
7404057730SolonA man who prevented civil war in Athens between the aristocracy and the commoners by ending debt slavery and making the Athenian democracy open to all free men. He prevented the aristocracy from growing too powerful by limiting the amount of land one man could own13
7404057732AristotleThe student of Plato and teacher of Alexander the Great who tried to accumulate all knowledge in the world through observation. Because of this he became a leader in almost all sciences14
7404057735PlatoStudent of Socrates and teacher of Aristotle who believed in a perfect government that was led by philosophical elites. Developed the idea that would become the Roman Republic15
7404057741SocratesA Greek philosopher who focused on life and its wonders. He said honor was the most important thing to a person, and that goals are necessary for one to live16
7404057743MinoanA sophisticated society on Crete that was ruled by several city-states under a monarchy and were the center of Mediterranean trade.17
7404057747AthensThe city-state that developed philosophy and created the classical arts18
7404057748AthensA very powerful and sophisticated polis on the Attica of Greece that was the first to practice democracy had the largest navy and was the leader of the Delian League.19
7404057752Linear AThe form of writing developed by the Minoans. Its symbols represented syllables20
7404057753Linear BA variation of Linear A that the Mycenaean developed. It would later become the Greek alphabet21
7404057754MycenaeanA society that would later develop into Classical Greece22
7404057758polisThe Greek term for a city-state. This served as the main political institution in Classical Greece23
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Pre-AP World History Flashcards Flashcards

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7775514830Geography of GreeceDeveloped near Mediterranean and Black Sea.Sharp mountains,shallow rivers,and built on a peninsula0
7775539542Population Size-Greece2-3 million1
7775548718Population Size-Persia30-45 million2
7775555813DemocracyA government which the citizens are the source of power in government,and the government is ruled by the people3
7775579647Direct democracyA type or government in which the citizens rule directly and not through representatives4
7775612744TyrantPowerful individuals in Greek city-states who would appeal to the common people for support and would then rule the city-stated5
7775643669AristotleA Greek philosopher who was the teacher of Alexander the Great and his knowledge was based on the observation of phenomena in the material world6
7775704239SolonA Greek reformer who pushed Greece to make political participation available to a wider group of people than aristocratic families7
7775748773AthensThe capitol of Greece named after the God of Athena8
7775763562Hellenistic CultureThe culture of Greece. This was spread by Alexander the Great in his conquest through Persia into India9
7775791765Alexander the GreatA conquering Macedonian. Alexander the Great conquered the Greek city-states, unifying them together.He extended into Persia,fighting all the way to India.His battles spread Greek culture across the Middle East10
7775856178PlatoA Greek philosopher whose knowledge is based on reason and who proposed an idela form of government11
7775882919PolisA Greek city-state12
7775895857SpartaA militarized Greek city-state that was constantly at war with Athens13
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AP World History Semester Exam Flashcards

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5673793343EThe Silk Road and Indian Ocean trade were most influential in fostering the spread of which religion? A. Judaism B. Jainism C. Sikhism D. Shinto E. Buddhism0
5673801701CAll of the following are true about camels in Arab society except A. They aided in control of the caravan trade B. There was decreased emphasis on wheeled vehicles by the sixth century C. They caused disintegration of the internal road structure because it was no longer necessary. D. They had sustainability in the desert environs E. They were very strong pack animals1
5673906585EWhat does Islam call on people to believe? A. That they must surrender to the will of God B. That Islam is the one true religion C. That Allah will reward or punish all people after death D. That the Qur'an is the revelation of Allah E. All of the above2
5673925762AThe group of Muslims who believe the leader of Islam should be descendent of Muhammad is called the A. Shi'ites B. Sunnis C. Sufis D. Mobad E. Hadj3
5673952803CThe first caliphate to begin expansion outside of Arabia was: A. Abu-Bakr B. Ali C. Umar D. Uthman E. Yazid4
5673976320CThe Abbasids purchased Turkic slaves, called mamluks, into military service. The mamluks eventually founded their own state in A. Turkey B. Spain C. Egypt D. Iran E. Arabia5
5674011382DThe sixth-century "plague or Justinian" was A. An economic crisis caused by the emperor's economic policies. B. The death and destruction caused by Justinian's marauding armies. C. The moral decay and social class struggle in the empire. D. An outbreak of bubonic plague during Justinian's rule. E. A further divide between the Western and Eastern Churches.6
5674054885DA significant military threat to western Europe in the late 8th century came from Scandinavia when: A. The Abbasid Caliphate's re-conquest of Islamic territories B. The reappearances from the eastern Steppes of the Huns C. Uprisings of Germanic tribes against Charlemagne's expansion D. Viking raiders attacked and plundered the British, Danish, and French coastal areas. E. A renewed naval fleet from Carthage.7
5674155560AIn addition to providing many charitable services, one of the most important effects of monasticism was: A. The preservation of literacy and learning, particularly with regard to ancient Latin texts. B. The new hierarchy it imposed on the church. C. The aggressive missionary efforts of Benedictine monks. D. The creation of a religious warrior class. E. Preserving the work of the ancient Greeks.8
5674192678BWhich of the following is not true about the Crusades? A. They were a series of religiously inspired campaigns B. After 1071, the Seljuk Turk threat to pilgrims had subsided. C. Economic forces such as the desire to increase trade and land hunger were contributing factors. D. The pope promised atonement from sins for the Crusaders. E. The Crusaders captured Jerusalem.9
5674268475BAs a result of the Crusaders, Europeans were exposed to all of the following except A. The Arabic translations of ancient Greek science and philosophy. B. Access to a variety of classical Latin works, particularly those of Aristotle, heretofore unknown in western Europe. C. Pasta, paper, and refined sugar. D. Hard soap and colored glass. E. Original thought-provoking works by Arab and Iranian writers.10
5674325498DThe Tang Empire declined when A. Earthquakes and tidal waves destroyed coastal cities B. Plague swept the capital C. The Grand Canal silted up and the government couldn't afford to dredge it. D. Political decay and military decline undermined the social order. E. The Yellow River flooded and destroyed all of the good farmland.11
5674383610CWhich of the following was replaced in China by the Korean innovation called moveable type? A. Ink making B. Calligraphy C. Woodblock printing D. Paper making E. Printing press12
5674428399AJapanese Emperors A. Seldom wielded any real political power. B. Required the Mandate of Heaven to maintain power C. Came from constantly changing lineages. D. Maintained tight political control. E. Were never female.13
5674448958DThe Mongol way of life, forced by a scarcity of resources, was largely A. Hunting and gathering B. Agricultural C. Based on procurement D. Pastoral E. Urbanized14
5674471798EOne of the most significant effects of Mongol trade routes was the spread of diseases including A. Typhus B. Influenza C. Smallpox D. Bubonic plague E. All of the above15
5674485318EIn 1453, the Ottomans led by Sultan Mehmet II captured which important Christian city of the Byzantine Empire? A. Kiev B. Vienna C. Paris D. Budapest E. Constantinople16
5674512245BWhat was the most lasting impact of the Mongols on China? A. The Mongols introduced Buddhism to China B. The Mongols permanently reunited China after a prolonged period of political fragmentation. C. The Chinese government system was invented by the Mongols D. The Mongols brought silk and porcelain production to China. E. The Mongols built the Great Wall17
5674542880AIn the Yuan Empire, the Mongols were the warriors, and the Central Asians and the Middle Easterners were the census takers and the A. Tax collectors B. Farmers C. Priests D. Commanders E. Rulers18
5674584112ATo demonstrate their rejection of the Mongols, the Ming emperors, starting with Hongwu, A. Severed relations with the Middle East and Central Asia and closed the borders to foreigners B. Built the Great Wall of China and deported all Mongols C. Changed the official language from Mongolian to Chinese D. Marched all the Mongols to the Korean border. E. Formed close ties with the Manchu instead.19
5674638813DZheng He's primary accomplishment was A. Converting barbarians to Islam B. Discovering new lands in the East C. Bringing wealth to China D. Acquiring Ming tributary states. E. Discovering the Philippines20
5674658107CWhich coastal area did the Mongols see as crucial to choke off the sea trade of their enemies? A. Southern China B. Japan C. Korea D. Vietnam E. Singapore21
5674670194CWhat prevented the Mongols from invading Japan? A. The Mongols feared the samurai military prowess. B. The jungle heat prevented their horses from continuing. C. A storm prevented them from establishing a base. D. Mongol tactics were no match for the Japanese military technology. E. The Japanese launched a surprise attack on the Mongol naval base.22
5674707611BWhich of the following was not a social result of the Black Death epidemic? A. A demand by laborers for higher pay B. A call for democracy C. Peasant revolutions D. An increase in per capita production E. An end of serfdom for all intents and purposes.23
5674752443EThe growth of metal working industries in the Middle Ages was due to A. Watermills B. Improved mining techniques from Central Europe C. Blast furnaces D. New sources of metals E. All of these24
5674781140DThe predominant city for trade with the Far East during the Middle Ages was: A. Paris B. London C. Flanders D. Venice E. Barcelona25
5674801552AWhich of the following is not true of trading cities in Europe during the Middle Ages? A. They were unable to produce products to compete with Asian products B. They offered people more social freedom than rural places. C. They were often "Chartered cities" where residents could claim freedom D. They were able to quickly adapt to changing market conditions E. They were home to most of Europe's Jews26
5674845815BWhat transformational change to later medieval military technology most directly impacted armored knights? A. the catapult B. crossbows with metal-tipped arrows. C. the organization of knights into armies an primitive biological warfare. D. universal male conscription and the invention of the mace. E. Military advancement based on merit.27
5674888333CBy 1500, the English Parliament A. had been disbanded by King John B. had overthrown the king and gained complete governmental authority. C. had become a permanent part of English government. D. had yet to be officially formed. E. had been disbanded.28
5674909940BWhat one form of technology most accounted for the destruction of Constantinople A. catapult B. cannon C. water mill D. gunpowder29
5674942226DHe travelled across the Saharah in his travels to explore the world A. Marco Polo B. Ghengis Khan C. Zheng He D. Ibn Battuta30
5674968362AWhat caused a population decrease in Europe in the 1300's? A. Bubonic Plague B. The Hundred Years War C. Overcrowding D. Islamic invasions31
5675003333BThis event impacted the church in England the most A. The Crusades B. The Creation of the Anglican Church C. The crowning of the Holy Roman Emperor D. The fall of Constantinople32
5675021476BThis city was an essential part of the Hanseatic League A. Cairo B. Novgorod C. Venice D. Moscow33
5675030327DHe brought the Yuan Empire to China in 1271 A. Temujin B. Batu Khan C. Ghengis Khan D. Kubilai Khan34
5675052119BDue to his sudden death, Timur was able to defeat all EXCEPT A. Iran B. China C. The Sultanate of Delhi D. The Sultan of the Ottoman Empire35
5675073053BKorea was influenced in the 1200's primarily by A. Japan B. China C. Mao tse dung D. Kim Jon-un36
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ap world history ch 23 Flashcards

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5826292694reconquistathe christian attempt to reconquer muslim spain, ended in 1492 when the muslim city of Grenada fell to the spanish christians0
5826294564lateen sailsa triangular sail, they were very maneuverable and could catch winds from all directions, they enabled european ships to use winds from any direction and to sail against the wind1
5826297029astrolabeone of the most important pieces of navigational equipment, used to determine latitude by measuring the angle of the sun in comparison to sea, soon replaced by cross back staffs2
5826299475magnetic compassa tang or song dynasty invention, another one of the most important pieces of navigational equipment, used to determine direction (N,S,E,W)3
5826301109volta do mar"return through the sea", a portuguese method of taking advantage of winds and currents, they took indirect routes to their destinations, it was much faster and safer and more reliable than sailing against the wind, originally used for the portuguese to sail home from the canary islands off the coast of western africa4
5826306606joint-stock companyan efficient form of commercial organization, which brought large profits to the investors, the english and the dutch each created their own5
5826443331english east india companythe english joint-stock company, founded in 1600, launched by private merchants but it enjoyed government support, the company was very successful6
5826445530VOC (united east india company)the dutch joint-stock company, founded in 1602, also launched by private merchants and enjoyed government support, also very successful7
5826446990manila galleonsspanish ships that were sleek, fast, and heavily armed, used for carrying cargo from asia to mexico, they took luxury goods to mexico and brought mexican silver back to manila in asia8
5826449086vasco de gamaa portuguese mariner who departed from Lisbon in 1497 and headed for india, where he made a lot of money, especially off of pepper and cinnimon9
5826453596christopher columbusproposed the idea of sailing to india by going west, he proposed this idea to the portuguese monarch but they rejected him, so he turned to the spanish rulers of fernando and isabel who funded his trip, he did not actually make it to india but landed in the bahamas instead, he also failing to bring back wealth and metals to spain, he also insisted that he had landed in india, he never admitted to failing to reach his intended destination10
5826461926ferdinand magellanthe first person to travel all the way around the world, he was portuguese but he sailed under the spanish flag11
5826462983james cookone of the most important pacific explorers, he charted the eastern half of australia, new zealand, and some of the polynesian islands, he completed the europeans knowledge of all ocean basins12
5826467908francis drake13
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