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AP English Language Vocabulary Flashcards

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3780404657AllusionReference to well-known person, place, event, literary work or work of art0
3780404658AnalogyDrawing a comparison in order to show a similarity in some respect1
3780404659AntecedentWord, phrase or clause to which a pronoun refers2
3780404660AntithesisJuxtaposition of contrasting words or ideas to give a feeling of balance3
3780404661ApostropheTechnique by which a writer addresses an inanimate object, an idea, or person who is either dead or absent4
3780404662AssonanceRepetition of similar vowels in stressed syllables of successive words5
3780404663Balanced sentencesSentence in which words, phrases, or clauses are set off against each other to emphasize a contrast6
3780404664ColloquialismSpoken or written communication that seeks to imitate informal speech7
3780404665Complex sentenceSentence composed of at least one main clause and one subordinate clause8
3780404666ConceitFanciful, particularly clever extended metaphor9
3780404667EllipsisOmission of a word or phrase which is grammatically necessary but can be deduced for the context (some people prefer cats; others dogs)10
3780404668HyperboleFigure of speech that uses exaggeration to express strong emotion, make a point, or evoke humor11
3780404669Non sequiturStatement that does not follow logically from evidence12
3780404670SyllepsisConstruction in which one word is used in two different senses (after he threw the ball, he threw a fit )13
3780404671SyntaxGrammatical arrangement of words in sentences14
3780404672AmbiguityUnclearness by virtue of having more than one meaning15
3780404673ArgumentFact or assertion offered as evidence that something is true16
3780404674AnaphoraRepetition of a word or phrase as beginning of successive clauses17
3780404675CacophonyLoud, harsh or strident noise18
3780404676EpithetDefamatory or abusive word or phrase; any word or phrase applied to a person or thing to describe an actual or attributed quality19
3780404677AnadipolosisRepetition of final words of a sentence or line at beginning of the next (anger leads to hate, hate leads to anger....)20
3780404678AnecdoteShort account of an incident21
3780404679AphorismBrief, cleverly worded statement that makes a wise observation about life22
3780404680AppositiveWord or phrase that renames a nearby noun or pronoun23
3780404681AsyndetonLack of conjuctions between coordinate phrases24
3780404682DissonanceHarsh, inharmonious, or discordent sounds25
3780404683EthosAppeal to ethics, conscience, morals, values, principles26
3780404684HomilyInclude any serious talk, speech, or lecture involving moral or spiritual advice27
3780404685LogosAppeal based on logic or reason28
3780404686Periodic sentencePresents main clause at end of sentence for emphasis29
3780404687EuphemismInoffensive expression that is submitted for one that is considered offensive30
3780404688EuphonyAn agreeable (pleasing/harmonious) sounds31
3780404689Imperative sentenceGive orders, instructions, advice and directions32
3780404690JuxtapositionPlacing two elements side by side to present a comparison or contrast33
3780404691Mixed metaphorCombination of two or more metaphors that produce a ridiculous effect34
3780404692ParadoxSelf-contradictory or absurd but in reality expresses a possible truth35
3780404693Parallel structureRepetition of words or phrases that have similar grammatical structures36
3780404694SimileFigure of speech that expresses a resemblance between two different things37
3780404695ThemeUnifying idea in literary or artistic work38
3780404696UnderstatementOpposite of exaggeration, says less than intended39
3780404697PersonaSpeaker, voice or character assumed by author of a piece of writing40
3780404698Stream of consciousnessContinous flow of ideas and feelings that constitute and individuals conscious experience41
3780404699SynthesisCombination of separate parts into a unified whole42
3780464599Voicethe fluency, rhythm, and liveliness in writing that makes it unique to the writer43
3780464600Zeugmawhen a word is used with two adjacent words in the same construction, but only makes literal sense with one of them (He closed the door and his heart on his lost love.)44
3780464601Compound sentencea sentence with two or more coordinate independent clauses, often joined by one or more conjunctions45
3780464602Consonancethe repetition of consonants(or consonant patterns) especially at the end of words46
3780464603Declarative sentencea sentence that makes a statement or declaration47
3780464604Deductive reasoningreasoning in which a conclusion is reached by stating a general principle and then applying that principle to a specific case (The sun rises every morning; therefore, the sun will rise Tuesday morning.)48
3780464605Expletiveprofane or obscene expression usually of surprise or anger49
3780464606IdiomAn expression that cannot be understood if taken literally (ex-"Get your head out of the clouds!")50
3780464607Imagerydescription that appeals to the senses (sight, sound, smell, touch, taste)51
3780464608Inductive reasoningderiving general principles from particular facts or instances ("Every cat I have ever seen has four legs; cats are four-legged animals.")52
3780464609Invocationthe act of appealing for help, prayer for help (used in invoking); calling upon as a reference or support; act of invoking53
3780464610Onomatopoeiausing words that imitate the sound they denote, using words that imitate the sound they denote54
3780464611Personificationthe act of attributing human characteristics to abstract ideas, etc.55
3780464612Stylethe choices a write makes; the combination of distinctive features of a literary work, a way of expressing something (in language or art or music, etc.)that is characteristic of a particular person or group of people or period56
3780464613Synthesiadescribing one kind of sensation in terms of another ("a loud color," "a sweet sound")57
3780464614Vernacularthe everyday speech of the people (as distinguished from literary language)58
3780464615Zeno's paradoxallusions to Zeno's Paradox are used by authors to convey ideas about the absurdity of time and distance59
3780464616ArbitraryIrrational; capricious, unreasonable60
3780464617Begrudgeto envy or resent the pleasure or good fortune of (someone)61
3780464618Belieto show (something) to be false62
3780464619Bemoanto regard with displeasure, disapproval, or regret63
3780464620Bemusedbewildered or confused. 2. lost in thought; preoccupied64
3780464621Bessechto beg eagerly for; solicit65
3780464622Circuitousroundabout; not direct66
3780464623Cirumlocutionthe use of an unnecessarily large number of words to express an idea67
3780464624Circumscribeto constrict the range or activity of definitely and clearly; limit or confine68
3780464625Circumspectwatchful and discreet; cautious; prudent: circumspect behavior69
3780464626Oxymorona figure of speech wherein the author groups apparently contradictory terms. "jumbo shrimp" and "cruel kindness."70
3780464627Sarcasmbitter, caustic language designed to hurt or ridicule someone or something. Often satirical or verbally ironic.71
3780464628MetonymyA type of metaphor in which the name of one object is substituted for that of another closely associated with it. "The White House declared," from the Greek meaning "changed label" or "substitute name"72
3780464629Invectivean emotionally violent, verbal denunciation or attack using strong, abusive language73
3780464630Circumventto avoid or get around something; to bypass74
3780464631Cursorygoing rapidly over something, without noticing details; hasty; superficial: a cursory glance at a newspaper75
3780464632Desultorylacking in consistency, constancy, or visible order, disconnected; fitful: desultory conversation.76
3780464633Effronteryshameless or impudent boldness; barefaced audacity77
3780464634Obligatoryrequired as a matter of obligation; mandatory78
3780464635SynecdochePart as representative of the whole. "All hands on deck"79
3780464636SatireA work that targets human vices and follies or social institutions and convention for reform or ridicule. Often uses imitation, irony, and/or sarcasm.80
3780464637AlliterationThe repetition of sounds at the beginning of words81
3780464638NarrativeThe telling of a story or an account of an event or series of events82
3780464639Situational Ironya type of irony in which events turn out the opposite of what was expected83
3780464640Pathosan appeal based on emotion84
3780464641Syllogisma deductive system of formal logic that presents two premises that inevitably leads to a sound conclusion. A=B, B=C, so A=C. "All men are mortal; Socrates is a man; therefore, Socrates is mortal."85
3780464642Verbal IronyIn this type of irony, the words literally state the opposite of the writer's true meaning86
3780464643Denotationthe literal or dictionary meaning of a word87
3780464644Dramatic IronyIn this type of irony, facts or events are unknown to a character in a play or a piece of fiction but known to the reader, audience, or other characters in the work88
3780464645ParodyA work that closely imitates the style or content of another with the specific aim of comic effect and/or ridicule.89
3780464646Connotationthe feelings or emotions surrounding/associated with a word, beyond its literal meaning. Generally positive or negative in nature.90
3780464647RepetitionThe duplication, either exact or approximate, or any element of language, such as sound, word, phrase, clause, sentence, or grammatical pattern.91
3780464648GenreThe major category into which a literary work fits. The basic divisions of literature are prose, poetry, and drama.92
3780464953AllegoryA work that functions on a symbolic level (a type of extended symbolism)93
3780464954DescriptionA rhetorical mode based in the five senses. It aims to re-create, invent, or present something so that the reader can experience it.94
3780464955RhetoricTechniques and rules for using language95
3780464956Third person limitedPoint of view in which narrator exists outside of all characters but is privy to feelings and thoughts of one character96
3780464957Third person omniscientPoint of view in which all-knowing narrator is privy to thoughts and actions of all characters97
3780464958CharacterCarries out action of plot in literature98
3780464959ThesisExpresses authors opinion, purpose, meaning or proposition99
3780464960ToneAttitudes and presupptions of the author100
3780464961ProseClosely resembles everyday speech101
3780464962Point of viewWho tells the story102
3780464963DictionAuthor's choice of words103
3780464964Independent clauseExpresses a complete thought104
3780464965Dependent clauseDoes not express a complete thought105
3780464966ClicheOverused saying or idea106
3780464967PolysyndetonDeliberate use of many conjunctions in close succession107
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Ap language Flashcards

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3424950781Glittering Generalitiesreference to words or ideas that evoke positive response0
3424952099scare tacticusing words or images to shock the social norms1
3424953456snob appealexploiting audience desires to be glammorus2
3424954234scientific approachusing evidence to get audience to support product3
3424954884name callingmaking audience have undesirable feelings toward product by using negativity.4
3424956091plain folkwinning confidence of audience by talking in common manner5
3424956092card stackingomits negative stuff, emphasizes benefits, misleads6
3424957277bandwagonclaims product is good for all types, social evidence, having to fit in7
3424957278testimonialuses celebrity, shows celebrity opinion, relate8
3424958657redenergetic, exciting9
3424958658orangefriendliness, affordability10
3424958659yellowhappiness, warmth,11
3424959636greennatural world, healthy12
3424959637bluecalm, authority, dependibility13
3424960405purpleexpensive, creative14
3424961320whitepurity, cleaness, simplicity15
3424961321brownsecurity, stability, reliablity16
3424962112blackauthority, luxury, strength and seduction17
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AP LANGUAGES Flashcards

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5344460994ItalianRomance0
5344460995SpanishRomance1
5344460996Neo PolitanRomance2
5344460997RomanianRomance3
5344460998FrenchRomance4
5344460999Haitian CreoleRomance5
5344461000PortugueseRomance6
5344461001CatalanRomance7
5344461002LombardRomance8
5344461003SicilianRomance9
5344461004VenetianRomance10
5344461005SwedishGermanic11
5344461006NorwegianGermanic12
5344461007DanishGermanic13
5344461008AfrikaansGermanic14
5344461009GermanGermanic15
5344461010EnglishGermanic16
5344461011DutchGermanic17
5344461012BelarusanBalto-Slavic18
5344461013UkrainianBalto-Slavic19
5344461014RussianBalto-Slavic20
5344461015CzechBalto-Slavic21
5344461016SlovakBalto-Slavic22
5344461017PolishBalto-Slavic23
5344461018Serbo-CroatianBalto-Slavic24
5344461019BulgarianBalto-Slavic25
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Linguistics Test #3 - Power of Babel Flashcards

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2328720561What is a Pidgin?-Just enough X -Circumstances: trade, slavery, colonization -lacks many features of a full on language (gender, article, cases)0
2328727926Creoles "when a pidgin becomes a language"-when a pidgin becomes the "lived language" of a group -children are raised speaking it -full grammar and a rich vocabulary develop1
2328731825Grammiticalization-watching a pidgin become a creole is the closest we can get to witnessing the birth of a new language -tenses and helping verbs for tenses develop -sounds/meaning shift as vocab develops -articles develop -examples in English: "to will" and "to have" became participles2
2328739392Creoles do everything "languages" do...-change over time, form dialects, intertwine with other languages -Fly Taal is an example of a pidgin formed from two creoles3
2328742658Creoles and Dialects-dialects affect how a creole develops -creoles often form on the base of earlier stages of a language -Example: the French creole of Mauritius came from a non-standard dialect of French4
2328748875Default Settings of Human Language as Revealed by Creoles-creoles reveal that the natural word order is subject-verb-object (this happens regardless of the order of the native language) -Example: Berbice Dutch in Guyana has this pattern despite how both Dutch and Ijo place their verbs at the end of the sentence -we also find that particles are placed before the verb --> non-creoles tend to stray from this, such as in Standard English suffixes5
2328763194Tok Pisin History-name comes from "talk business" -creole spoken in PNG, which become the lingua franca -began with English colonization in the 1700s -aborigines developed a pidgin English to use during trade that expanded into a full human language -a common language among 800 other languages6
2328770615Tok Pisin Grammar/Vocab-meri = woman, comes from the specific name "Mary" (example of semantic shift) -hevi = heavy, sad (example of shades of meaning) ARTICLES -wanpela = "a" comes from "one fellow" -dispela = "this" comes from "this fellow" HELPING VERBS -i stap = present progressive -bin = been -pinis = finished -bai = future (by and by) -save = continuing action *PNG languages don't have [f] so substitute it with [p]7
2328780700Gullah-"sea island creole" spoken on the Islands off South Carolina and Georgia -English + Jamaican + West African languages -spoken by descendants of slaves -there is a Gullah Bible published by the American Bible Society8
2328800620Degrees of Creolization...-field working slaves spoke a reduced pidgin -artisan slaves spoke a creole -slaves plantation homes has a more developed "semicreole" -the most privileged slaves spoke Standard English9
2328811439Shaved Languages-frequent contact with non-native speakers -trimming away some of the more arbitrary aspects of language10
2328814441Shaved Fula-West African lingua franca -spoken as a second language from Senegal to Cameroon -Fula has sixteen gendered articles that are ignored by nonnative speakers11
2328819336Shaved Swahili-spoken by small East African communities -5-10 million native speakers, but spoken by a total of 80 million people -trade language with Arabs and Africans -shaved language, but NOT a pidgin or a creole -it is "streamlined" and less complex that other Bantu languages --> doesn't have tones and has fewer irregular forms12
2328875499Language and Function - Unnecessary Grammar-unnecessary grammar does NOT reflect culture -however, culture can create grammar sometimes (ex: Japanese hierarchical language) -most frill is just the "natural overzealousness of language"13
2328886521A Little Bit of "Dammit" in Every Language-verb endings are unnecessary --> Spanish verb endings -irregular verb forms are unnecessary --> German stem changes, Spanish irregular verbs -reflexive verbs14
2328908470Language Frills: Inflections-inflections (noun and verb endings) develop through creeping grammaticalization -origin of Latin tenses = habeo (I have) eroded and rebracketed into -bo ending (I will) --> an independent word became a piece of grammar -example: amabo = I will love15
2328911462Language Frills: Tones-the meaning of words can change based on pitch -4 main tones in Mandarin, 6 tones in Cantonese -Thai, Vietnamese and many African and Native American languages -languages become tonal when sounds erode --> endings wear off ("shitty little monkey" example)16
2328953979Language Frills: Evidential Markers-suffixes and prefixes -In the language of Makah the suffixes indicate the source of information -a verb must include where you got the information -suffixes are grammaticalizations that began as separate, independent verbs17
2328967152Language Frills: To Have-some languages distinguish two kinds of having -alienable = things you can loose and still be you -inalienable = things you cannot lose and still be you18
2329011135Linguist Frills: Articles-definite (the), indefinite (a(n)) -some languages have neither (balto-slavic, Latin) -only 1/5 languages have both (English is in the small minority) -they are somewhat ineficient19
2328939297Simple Past vs. Past Perfect-English distinguishes between two "past tenses" -simple past = event is completed and done -present perfect = event has begun in the past but may continue -Germanic and Romance languages have this distinction but most others do not (ex: Russian)20
2328925276Maori-has noun classes for alienable (body parts) and inalienable possessions (small portable objects) -they are very weird and each category contains random things21
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AP Language Flashcards

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4426474664AllegoryThe device of using character and/or story elements symbollically to represent an abstraction in addition to the literal meaning.0
4426474665AlliterationThe repetition of sounds, especially initial consonant sounds in two or more neighboring words.1
4426474666AllusionA direct or indirect reference to something which is presumably commonly known, such an an event, book, myth, place, or work of art.2
4426474667AmbiguityThe multiple meanings, either intentional or unintentional, of a word, phrase, sentence, or passage.3
4426474668AnalogyA similarity or comparison between two different things or the relationship between them.4
4426474669CaricatureA verbal description.5
4426474670ColloquialismThe use of slang or informalities in speech or writing.6
4426474671ConceitA fanciful expression, usually in the form of an extended metaphor or surprising analogy between seemingly dissimilar objects.7
4426474672DenotationThe strict, literal, dictionary definition of a word, devoid of any emotion, attitude, or color.8
4426474673DictionRelated to style, diction refers to the writer's word choices, especially with regard to their correctness, clearness, or effectiveness.9
4426474674DidacticFrom the Greek, didactic literally means "teaching."10
4426474675EuphemismFrom the Greek for "good speech," euphemisms are a more agreeable or less offensive substitute for a generally unpleasant work or concept.11
4426474676Extended MetaphorA metaphor developed at great length, occurring frequently in or throughout a work.12
4426474677Figurative LanguageWriting or speech that is not intended to carry literal meaning and is usually meant to be imaginative and vivid.13
4426474678Figure of SpeechA device used to produce figurative language. (Includes: apostrophe, hyperbole, irony, metaphor, oxymoron, paradox, personification, simile, synecdoche, and understatement.14
4426474679GenreThe major category into which a literary work fits.15
4426474680HomilyThis term literally means "sermon," but more informally, and it can include any serious talk, speech, or lecture involving moral or spiritual advice.16
4435732792HyperboleA figure of speech using deliberate exaggeration or overstatement.17
4435732793ImageryThe sensory details or figurative language used to describe, arouse emotion, or represent abstractions18
4435732794InferenceTo draw a reasonable conclusion from the information presented.19
4435732795InvectiveAn emotionally violent, verbal denunciation or attack using strong, abusive language.20
4435732796IronyThe contrast between what is stated explicitly and what is really meant.21
4435732797Verbal IronyWhen the words literally state the opposite of the writer's meaning.22
4435732798Situational IronyWhen events turn out the opposite of what as expected.23
4435732799Dramatic IronyWhen facts or events are unknown to a character in a play or piece of fiction but known to the reader or audience24
4435732800Loose SentenceA type of sentence in which the main idea comes first, followed by dependent grammatical units such as phrases and clauses.25
4435732801MetaphorA forgive of speech using implied comparison of seemingly unlike things or the substitution of one for the other, suggesting some similarity.26
4435732802MoodThe prevailing atmosphere or emotional aura of a work.27
4435732803OxymoronA figure of speech wherein the author groups apparently contradictory terms to suggest a paradox.28
4435732804ParadoxA statements that appears to be self-contradictory or opposed to common sense but upon closer inspection contains some degree of truth or validity.29
4435732805ParallelismAlso referred to as parallel structure, it refers to the grammatical or rhetorical framing of words, phrases, sentences, or paragraphs to give structural similarity.30
4435732806ParodyA work that closely imitates the style or content of another with the specific aim of comic effect and/or ridicule.31
4435732807PedanticAn adjective that describes words, phrases, or general tone that is overly scholarly, academic, or bookish.32
4435732808Periodic SentenceThe opposite of loose sentence, a sentence that presents its central meaning in a main clause at the end.33
4435732809PersonificationA figure of speech in which the author presents or describes concepts, animals, or inanimate objects by endowing them with human attributes or emotions.34
4435732810ProseOne of the major diversions of genre, prose refers to fiction and nonfiction, including all its forms.35
4435732811RepetitionThe duplication, either exact or approximate, of any element of language, such as a sound, words, phrase, clause, or sentence.36
4435918251RhetoricDescribes the principles governing the art of writing effectively, eloquently, and persuasively.37
4435918252SarcasmInvolves bitter, caustic language that is meant to hurt or ridicule someone or something.38
4435918253SatireA work that targets human vices and follies or social institutions and conventions for reform or ridicule.39
4435918254SenanticsThe brand of linguistics that studies the meaning of words, their historical and psychological development, their connotations, and their relation to one another.40
4435918255SyllogismA deductive system of formal logic that presents two premises that inevitably lead to a sound conclusion.41
4435918256SyntaxThe way an author chooses to join words into phrases, clauses, and sentences.42
4435918257ThemeThe central idea or message of a work, the insight it offers into life.43
4435918258ThesisIs the sentence or group of sentences that directly expressed the authors opinion or purpose.44
4435918259ToneDescribes the author's attitude towards his material.45
4435918260UnderstatementThe ironic minimalist G of fact, presenting something as less significant than it is.46
4435918261WitIntellectually amusing language that surprises and delights.47
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Myers for AP Psychology: THINKING & LANGUAGE Flashcards

Thinking Problem Solving Creativity and Language

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4046166956cognitionall the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating.0
4046166957Concepta mental grouping of similar objects, events, ideas, or people1
4046166958Prototypea standard or typical example (Is that a computer screen that BENDS?!)2
4046166959algorithma precise rule (or set of rules) specifying how to solve some problem3
4046166960Heuristica commonsense rule (or set of rules) intended to increase the probability of solving some problem4
4046166961InsightA cognitive form of learning involving the mental rearragnment or restructuring of the elements in a problem to achieve an understanding or the problem and arrive at a solution5
4046166962Creativitythe ability to produce novel and valuable ideas6
4046166963Confirmation biasa tendency to search for information that confirms one's preconceptions7
4046166964fixationthe inability to see a problem from a new perspective, by employing a different mental set8
4046166965Mental Seta tendency to approach a problem in a particular way, often a way that has been successful in the past9
4046166966Functional fixednessthe tendency to think of things only in terms of their usual functions; an impediment to problem solving (Is a shoe just a shoe?)10
4046166967Representative heuristicjudging the likelihood of things in terms of how well they seem to represent, or match, particular prototypes; may lead one to ignore other relevent information11
4046166968Availability heuristicestimating the likelihood of events based on their availability in memory; if instances come readily to mind, we presume such events are common12
4046166969Overconfidencetotal certainty or greater certainty than circumstances warrant13
4046166970Belief Perseveranceclinging to one's initial conceptions after the basis on which they were formed has been discredited14
4046166971Intuitioninstinctive knowing (without the use of rational processes)15
4046166972Framingthe way an issue is posed16
4046166973Languagespoken, written or signed words, and the ways we use them to communicate.17
4046166974Phoneme(linguistics) the smallest distinctive unit of sound18
4046166975Morphemesmallest meaningful language unit19
4046166976Grammara system of linguistic rules that enables communication20
4046166977Semanticsthe study of language meaning21
4046166978Syntaxthe rules for grammatical arrangement of words in sentences22
4046166979Babbling Stagebeginning at about 4 months, the stage of speech development in which the infant spontaneously utters various sounds at first unrelated to the household lanuage.23
4046166980One-word Stagethe stage in speech development, from about age 1 to 2, during which a child speaks mostly in single words24
4046166981Two-word stagebeginning about age 2, the stage in speech development during which a child speaks mostly two-word statements25
4046166982Telegraphic speechearly speech stage in which a child speaks like a telegram--'go car'--using mostly nouns and verbs and omitting 'auxiliary' words26
4046166983Linguistic determinismWhorf's hypothesis that language determines the way we think27
4046166984Noam ChomskyAmerican linguist whose theory of generative grammar argued that language and grammar are innate, that we have a language acquisition device built in.28
4046166985B.F Skinnerpioneer of operant conditioning who believed that language development is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments29
4046166986Benjamin WhorfLinguist who theorized the concept of "liguistic determinism" or how language impacts thought30
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AP Language Vocab. Set 2 Flashcards

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4266868924indolentslothful0
4266868925incontrovertibleindisputable; not open to question1
4266870129quandarystate of perplexity or uncertainty; dilemma2
4266870130arbiterperson empowered to decide matters at issue; judge; umpire3
4266870131mavericka lone dissenter who takes an independent stand apart from his/her associates4
4266870132convolutedcomplicated to the point of becoming unclear5
4266871705effusive *TONE WORD*unduly demonstrative; lacking reserve6
4266871706disingenuous *TONE WORD*insincere; not genuine7
4266871707lucidrational, sane, clear8
4266873380florid *TONE WORD*flowery, showy, excessively ornate9
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AP Language Vocab 3 Flashcards

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5584033272CatharsisThe purging of the emotions or relieving of emotional tensions.0
5584035815ContriveTo plan ingenuity; devise; invent.1
5584035816FlippantFrivolously disrespectful, shallow, pr lacking in seriousness; characterized by levity.2
5584037618HaughtyDisdainfully proud; snobbish; scornfully arrogant.3
5584062124IncongruousOut of keeping or place;inappropriate; unbecoming.4
5584062125InnocuousNot harmful or injurious; harmless.5
5584065077IntrinsicBelonging to a thing by its very nature.6
5584065078InundateTo overwhelm.7
5584068949PlatitudeA flat, dull or trite remark.8
5584068950PlethoraOverabundance; excess.9
5584071070PutridIn a state of foul decay or decomposition as animal or vegetable matter; rotten.10
5584071071RevereTo regard with respect tinged with awe; venerate.11
5584074808SanctimoniousMaking a hypocritical show of religious devotion, piety, righteousness.12
5584074809ServileElating to a condition of servitude or property ownership.13
5584083192StringentRigorously binding or exacting; strict;severe.14
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AP English Language Vocabulary and Terms - set 2 Flashcards

Vocabulary for AP English Language

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5704192582AmbiguityUncertain or indefinite; subject to more than one interpretation(Ex: I rode a black horse in red pajamas.)0
5704192585AntecedentEvery pronoun refers back to a previous noun or pronoun(Ex: The weather is great today; let's make the most of it by going to the beach.)1
5704192588ApostropheA figure of speech in which an absent person or personified object is addressed by a speaker(Ex: "Twinkle Twinkle Little Star")2
5704192589AppositiveA word or phrase that follow a noun or pronoun for emphasis or clarity(Purpose(s): Provide essential or non-essential information, Gives meanings to sentences in different texts, etc)3
5704192594ClauseA structural element of a sentence, consisting of a grammatical subject and a predicate(Ex: Ghost stories are a lot of fun, if you tell them late at night with the lights off.)4
5704192595ChiasmusArrangement of repeated thoughts in the pattern of X Y Y X. It is often short and summarizes a main idea(Ex: "Never let a Fool Kiss You or a Kiss Fool You.")5
5704192597ConceitA witty or ingenious thought; a diverting or highly fanciful idea, often stated in figurative language(Ex: "Love is like an oil change.")6
5704192612Inversionreversal of the usual or natural order of words; anastrophe(Ex: Where in the world were you?)7
5704192613InvectiveAn emotionally violent, verbal denunciation or attack using strong, abusive language(Ex: Chicken for coward)8
5704192628Periodic SentencePresents the main clause at the end of the sentence, for emphasis(Ex: Unable to join the others at the dance because of my sprained ankle, I went to a movie.)9
5704192629PersonaThe character created by the voice and narration of the speaker of a text(Purpose: Express ideas due to some restrictions, such as no talking)10
5704192640SarcasmUse of bitter, caustic language that is meant to hurt or ridicule someone or something. It may use irony as a device(Ex: " Friends, countrymen, lend me your ears." - Julius Caesar)11
5704192648StyleAn evaluation of the sum of the choices an author makes in blending diction, syntax, figurative language, and other literary devices(Purpose: Create a certain impact on the readers based on one's style)12
5704192650Subordinate ClauseLike all clauses, it contains both a subject and a verb (plus any accompanying phrases or modifiers), but unlike the independent clause, the subordinate clause cannot stand alone; it does not express a complete thought. Also called a dependent clause, the subordinate clause depends on a main clause (or independent clause) to complete its meaning(Ex: After John played tennis)13
5704192658Trope vs SchemesThe use of a word, phrase, or image in a way not intended by its normal signification; A change in standard word order or pattern(Ex(scheme): "I have a Dream" speech)14
5704192660UnderstatementWhen an author assigns less significance to an event or thing than it deserves(Ex: " He is not too thin" when describing an obese person)15
5704192661WitIn modern usage, intellectually amusing language that surprises and delights. Usually uses terse language that makes a pointed statement(Ex: "It is a truth universally acknowledged that a young man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife." - Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen)16
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AP Language Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images
4963839278SpeakerConveyer of the content0
4963839279ContentWhat the speaker conveys1
4963839280AudienceWho the speaker conveys the content to2
4963839281ContextWhen the content was created3
4963839282PersonaThe way a speaker presents themselves in their content4
4963839283DictionSynonym for vocabulary5
4963839284SyntaxThe structure of sentences6
4963839285ToneThe way a speaker presents their content to their audience7
4963839286ExigencyThe social situation at the time the speaker decided to convey their content; the tipping point8
4963839287ExpectationsWhat speaker, audience, and content expect from each other.9
4963839288PurposeTo inform and explain, express and reflect, etc.10
4963839289IntentionWhat the speaker is trying to accomplish with their content.11
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