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AP Spanish Literature Review Flashcards

Work ---> Author (Period) [themes]
any work without quotation marks should be underlined

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1478349637Isabel Allende (Literatura Contemporánea y La Voz Femenina) [La construcción del género, machismo y feminismo]"Dos palabras"0
1478349638Anónimo (Medioevo/Época Medieval) [Las sociedades en contacto: pluralismo racial y disegualdad económica]"Romance de la pérdida de Alhama"1
1478349639Anónimo (Renacimiento/"Siglo de Oro") [Las sociedades en contacto: pluralismo racial y disegualdad económica]Lazarillo de Tormes2
1478349640Gustavo Adolfo Bécquer (Romanticismo) [Tiempo y espacio: tema y técnica]Rima LIII, "Volverán las oscuras golondrinas"3
1478349641Jorge Luis Borges (El Boom en Latino América) [La imaginación y la creación literaria, la dualidad del ser]"Borges y yo"4
1478349642Jorge Luis Borges (El Boom en Latino América) [Tiempo y espacio: tema y técnica]"El Sur"5
1478349643Julia de Burgos (Postmodernismo en Latino América) [La dualidad del ser y el enigma de la existencia]"A Julia de Burgos"6
1478349644Miguel de Cervantes (Renacimiento/"Siglo de Oro") [La imaginación y la creación literaria, dualidad del ser y el enigma de la existencia, las relaciones interpersonales]Don Quijote7
1478349645Julio Cortázar (El Boom en Latino América) [Tiempo y espacio: tema y técnica]"La noche boca arriba"8
1478349646Hernán Cortés (Literatura Colonial/Crónicas de las Indias) [Las sociedades en contacto]"Segunda carta de relación"9
1478349647Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz (El Barroco) [La construcción del género: machismo y feminismo]"Hombres necios que acusáis"10
1478349648Rubén Darío (Modernismo en Latino América) [Las sociedades en contacto: pluralismo racial y desigualdad económica]"A Roosevelt"11
1478349649Don Juan Manuel (Medioevo/Época Medieval) [La construcción del género: machismo y feminismo, las sociedades en contacto]Conde Lucanor, Exemplo XXXV12
1478349650Osvaldo Dragún (El Boom en Latino América) [Las sociedades en contacto: pluralismo racial y desigualdad económica]El hombre que se convirtió en perro13
1478349651Carlos Fuentes (El Boom en Latino América) [La imaginación y la creación literaria, pluralidad y desigualdad socio-racial]"Chac Mool"14
1478349652Federico García Lorca (Vanguardismo) [Las relaciones interpersonales y sociales, la construcción del género]La casa de Bernarda Alba15
1478349653Federico García Lorca (Vanguardismo) [Las sociedades en contacto: pluralismo racial y desigualdad económica]"Prendimiento de Antoñito el Camborio en el camino de Sevilla" del Romancero gitano16
1478349654Gabriel García Márquez (El Boom en Latino América) [La imaginación y la creación literaria]"El ahogado más hermoso del mundo"17
1478349655Gabriel García Márquez (El Boom en Latino América) [Las relaciones interpersonales y sociales, desigualdad social]"La siesta del martes"18
1478349656Garcilaso de la Vega (Renacimiento/"Siglo de Oro") [Tiempo y espacio: tema y técnica, construcción del género]Soneto XXIII, "En tanto que de rosa y azucena"19
1478349657Luis de Góngora (El Barroco) [Tiempo y espacio: tema y técnica, construcción del género]Soneto CLXVI, "Mientras por competir con tu cabello"20
1478349658Nicolás Guillén (Vanguardismo) [Las sociedades en contacto: pluralismo racial y desigualdad económica]"Balada de los dos abuelos"21
1478349659José María Heredia (Romanticismo) [Tiempo y espacio: tema y técnica]"En una tempestad"22
1478349660Miguel León-Portilla (Literature Colonial/Crónicas de las Indias) [Las sociedades en contacto: pluralismo racial y desigualdad económica]Visión de los vencidos, "Los presagios, según los informantes de Sahagún" y "Se ha perdido el pueblo mexica"23
1478349661Antonio Machado (Generación del '98 en España) [La dualidad del ser y el enigma de la existencia]"He andado muchos caminos"24
1478349662José Martí (Modernismo en Latino América) [Las sociedades en contacto: pluralismo racial y desigualdad económica]"Nuestra América"25
1478349663Rosa Montero (Literatura Contemporánea y La Voz Femenina) [Tiempo y espacio: tema y técnica]"Como la vida misma"26
1478349664Nancy Morejón (Literatura Contemporánea y La Voz Femenina) [Tiempo y espacio: tema y técnica, construcción del género]"Mujer negra"27
1478349665Pablo Neruda (Vanguardismo) [La dualidad del ser y el enigma de la existencia]"Walking around"28
1478349667Emilia Pardo Bazán (Realismo/Naturalismo) [La construcción del género, las sociedades en contacto: pluralismo racial y desigualdad económica]"Las medias rojas"29
1478349669Francisco de Quevedo (El Barroco) [Tiempo y espacio: tema y técnica]Salmo XVII, "Miré los muros de la patria mía"30
1478349671Horacio Quiroga (Realismo/Naturalismo) [Las relaciones interpersonales y sociales]"El hijo"31
1478349673Tomás Rivera (Hispanoamericano) [Las sociedades en contacto: pluralismo racial y desigualdad económica]... y no se lo tragó la tierra, dos capítulos: " ... y no se lo tragó la tierra" y "La noche buena"32
1478349674Juan Rulfo (El Boom en Latino América) [Las relaciones interpersonales y sociales, desigualdad social]"No oyes ladrar los perros"33
1478349675Alfonsina Storni (Postmodernismo en Latino América) [La construcción del género: machismo y feminismo]"Peso ancestral"34
1478349676Tirso de Molina (Renacimiento/"Siglo de Oro") [La construcción del género: machismo y feminismo]El burlador de Sevilla y convidado de piedra35
1478349677Sabine Ulibarrí (Hispanoamericano) [La imaginación y la creación literaria]"Mi caballo mago"36
1478349678Miguel de Unamuno (Generación del '98 en España) [La dualidad del ser y el enigma de la existencia]San Manuel Bueno, mártir37
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AP Literature List 2 Flashcards

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4969231020Assonancethe use of words that have the same or very similar vowel sounds near one another0
4969235021Blank Versepoetry that is not rhymed but that has a regular rhythm1
4969239204Carpe Diemterm that refers to a common moral or theme in classical literature that the reader should make the most of life and should enjoy it before it ends ("seize the day")2
4969249683Conceita kind of metaphor that compares two very unlike things in a surprising or clever way. Often, they are extended metaphors.3
4969265356Internal Conflictpsychological struggle within the mind of a literary or dramatic character, the resolution of which creates the plots suspense4
4969274982External Conflictstruggle between a literary or dramatic character and an outside force such as nature or another character, which drives the dramatic action of the plot.5
4969285092Connotationrefers to a meaning that is implied by a word apart from the thing which it describes explicitly.6
4969292283Couplettwo successive rhyming lines in a verse and has the same meter to form a complete thought.7
4969311812Caesuraa pause in a line of poetry that is formed by the rhythms of natural speech rather than by metrics.8
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AP Literature Flashcards

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3659921656AlexandrineHas 12 syllables. 6 iambic feet. Mostly used in french literature.0
3659924178AllegoryAn narrative in verse or prose in which the literal events consistently point to a parallel sequence of symbolic ideas. 2 levels. A literal level. And a symbolic level.1
3659945210AlliterationA repetition of 2 or more consonant sounds in successive words in a line of verse or prose.2
3659958456AnagramWhere you rearrange two different words but with the same letters. Ex. Angel=Glean3
3659967448Anapestic meterA metrical foot in verse in which two unstressed syllables are followed by a stressed syllable as in " on a boat" "in a slump"4
3659980126apostropheA direct address to someone or something. "O Mountain" the dead, a spirit, an object...etc.5
3659995938approximate rimeWhen words share share the same vowel sound or similar vowel sound and same end sound and they sort of rhyme but not exactly. Fish and which.6
3660013534Assonancethe repetition of two or more vowel sounds in successive words which creates a kind of rhyme.7
3660023107BalladA song that tells story.8
3660027088Ballad stanzaconsists of 4 lines. Rhymed abcb. 1st and 3rd lines have 4 metrical feet. 2nd and 4th lines have 3 feet. 4,3,4,39
3660040337Blank verse5 iambic feet. Never rhymed.10
3660043099cacophonyA harsh discordant sound often mirroring the meaning of the context in which it is used.11
3660048885CaeauraA pause within a line verse. Usually near the middle. But can be varied.12
3660055003Carpe diemLatin for seize the day13
3660058782Clerihewbegins the name of a person and consists of 2 metrically award biographies usually of famous people.14
3660067507ConnotationAn association or additional meaning that a word, image, or phrase may carry. A part firm the literal meaning.15
3660075026ConsonanceAka-slant rhyme. Linked words share similar consonant sounds but different vowel sounds. Reason/raisin. Mink/monk.16
3660082425Controlling metaphorA symbolic story where the quite poem may be a metaphor for something else.17
3660087010Couplet2 line stanza. Usually rhymed. Tends to be equal length.18
3660095699Dactylic metermetrical foot or a beat containing 3 syllables in which the 1st one is accented followed by 2 unaccented . HU/man/ly19
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Ap Literature. Literary Terms Flashcards

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4935518627Allegorya story, poem, or picture that can be interpreted to reveal a hidden meaning, typically a moral or political one.0
4935527593Ambiguityuncertainty or inexactness of meaning in language.1
4935530280Anagrama word, phrase, or name formed by rearranging the letters of another, such as cinema, formed from iceman. (ex. cinema, iceman)2
4935531985Anapestic Meterpoetic device defined as a metrical foot in a line of a poem that contains three syllables wherein the first two syllables are short and unstressed followed by a third syllable that is long and stressed3
4935534907Antiheroa central character in a story, movie, or drama who lacks conventional heroic attributes4
4935536878Archetypea very typical example of a certain person or thing.5
4935537860Caesuraa pause near the middle of a line.6
4935539543Canonthe material accepted as officially part of the story in an individual universe of that story. I7
4935541647Catharisthe process of releasing, and thereby providing relief from, strong or repressed emotions8
4935543082Colloquialused in ordinary or familiar conversation; not formal or literary.9
4935544131Connotationan idea or feeling that a word invokes in addition to its literal or primary meaning10
4935545102Dactylic Metera long syllable followed by two short syllables11
4935547561Denouncementthe resolution of the issue of a complicated plot in fiction12
4935549482Didactic Poetryit teaches or explains something such as a truth or moral.13
4935551673Doggerelcomic verse composed in irregular rhythm.14
4935577809Editorial Omniscienceomniscient narrator presents the thoughts and actions of the characters but does comment, judge, and interject opinion15
4935579857Electra Complexold-fashioned term for the Oedipus complex as manifested in young girls.16
4935581258Elegya sad poem, usually written to praise and express sorrow for someone who is dead17
4935583130Enjambmenthe continuation of a sentence without a pause beyond the end of a line, couplet, or stanza18
4935586533Envoya messenger or representative, especially one on a diplomatic mission.19
4935588915Epigrama pithy saying or remark expressing an idea in a clever and amusing way.20
4935590286Euphonythe quality of being pleasing to the ear, especially through a harmonious combination of words.21
4935591045Farcea comic dramatic work using buffoonery and horseplay and typically including crude characterization and ludicrously improbable situations.22
4935595662Feminine Rhymea rhyme between stressed syllables followed by one or more unstressed syllables23
4935596834Foota combination of stressed and unstressed syllables.24
4935600715Formalist Criticismthe elements of form—style, structure, tone, imagery, and determining how such elements work together with the text's content to shape its effects upon readers.25
4935603367Formula Literaturethe storylines and plots have been reused to the extent that the narratives are predictable26
4935605238Found Poema type of poetry created by taking words, phrases, and sometimes whole passages from other sources and reframing them as poetry (a literary equivalent of a collage) by making changes in spacing and lines, or by adding or deleting text, thus imparting new meaning27
4935606881Hamartiaa fatal flaw leading to the downfall of a tragic hero or heroine.28
4935608208Hybrisextreme pride and arrogance shown by a character that ultimately brings about his downfall29
4935612061Marxist Criticisma loose term describing literary criticism based on socialist and dialectic theories. Marxist criticism views literary works as reflections of the social institutions from which they originate.30
4935612856Melodramaa sensational dramatic piece with exaggerated characters and exciting events intended to appeal to the emotions.31
4935614010Metafictionfiction in which the author self-consciously alludes to the artificiality or literariness of a work by parodying or departing from novelistic conventions (especially naturalism) and traditional narrative techniques.32
4935616346Metonymythe substitution of the name of an attribute or adjunct for that of the thing meant33
4935620492Organic Formhe structure has originated from the materials and subjects used by the author, usually in romantic literature34
4935622497Oxymorona figure of speech in which apparently contradictory terms appear in conjunction35
4935632717Petrarchan Sonnetconsisting of an octave with the rhyme scheme abbaabba and of a sestet with one of several rhyme schemes, as cdecde or cdcdcd36
4935633902Postcolonial Criticsmaddresses the problems and consequences of the decolonization of a country and of a nation, especially the political and cultural independence of formerly subjugated colonial peoples37
4935636958Problem Playa form of drama that emerged during the 19th century as part of the wider movement of realism in the arts.38
4935639232Prosodythe patterns of rhythm and sound used in poetry.39
4935642126Pyramidal Patterna typical convention of some dramatic works in which the plot is divided into three parts—rising action, climax, and falling action.40
4935645174Quatraina stanza of four lines, especially one having alternate rhymes41
4935645844Run-On-Linethe meaning runs over from one poetic line to the next, without terminal punctuation42
4935651738Scansionthe action of scanning a line of verse to determine its rhythm.43
4935652892Sestetthe last six lines of a sonnet.44
4935656030Sestina Criticisma poem with six stanzas of six lines and a final triplet, all stanzas having the same six words at the line-ends in six different sequences that follow a fixed pattern, and with all six words appearing in the closing three-line envoi.45
4935659553Soliloquyan act of speaking one's thoughts aloud when by oneself or regardless of any hearers, especially by a character in a play.46
4935661333Spondeea foot consisting of two long (or stressed) syllables.47
4935663201Stream of Consciousness Techniquea narrative mode or device that depicts the multitudinous thoughts and feelings which pass through the mind.48
4935666437Synecdochea figure of speech in which a part is made to represent the whole or vice versa, as in Cleveland won by six runs49
4935670410Terceta three-lined stanza or poem that often contains a rhyme.50
4935674196Tripletmeaning three - lines put together that rhyme51
4935678161Trochaic Metersimply means that the poem has four trochees. A trochee is a long syllable, or stressed syllable, followed by a short, or unstressed, one.52
4935680265Villanellea nineteen-line poem with two rhymes throughout, consisting of five tercets and a quatrain, with the first and third lines of the opening tercet recurring alternately at the end of the other tercets and with both repeated at the close of the concluding quatrain.53
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AP Literature Vocab #1 Flashcards

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4884745739ThemeAn abstract idea that emerges from a literary works treatment of its subject matter; or a topic reoccurring in a number of literary works0
4884745740MetaphorA figure of speech that compares two different things. An extended metaphor is used throughout a story or poem.1
4884745741SimileComparing two unlike things through the use of a specific word (like, as, or, ect)2
4884745742Verbal IronyThe use of words to convey a meaning that is the opposite of its literal meaning3
4884745743AmbiguityThe use of language where the meaning is unclear or has two or more possible interpretations or meanings. This creates layers of meaning in the mind of the reader.4
4884745744DictionWord choice but as a reflection of style. Different types and arrangement of words have significant effects on meaning5
4884745745SatireReveals a critical attitude toward some element of human behavior by portraying it in an extreme way. Meant to improve society through humor. Targets groups or large concepts.6
4884745746MotifA dominant theme, subject, or idea which runs through a piece of literature. Often assume symbolic importance.7
4884745747CharacterizationAuthors use figurative language to develop characters and create images of characters to the audience. Can be done directly or indirectly.8
4884745748MetonymyFrom Greek "change of name", the term for one thing is applied for another in which it has become closely related or the part of a whole. "Crown" = King9
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Chapter 41 APUSH American Pageant 13th Edition Flashcards

Chapter 41 APUSH PHS

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4340602358weapons of mass destruction (WMD)Refers to weapons—nuclear, biological, and chemical—that can kill large numbers of people and do great damage to the built and natural environment. The term was used to refer to nuclear weapons during the Cold War. The Bush administration's claim that Saddam Hussein had developed it provided the rationale for the United States's invasion of Iraq in 2003. These weapons were never found after the invasion.0
4340602359Democratic leadership councilNon-profit organization of centrist Democrats founded in the mid-1980s. The group attempted to push the Democratic party toward progrowth, strong defense, and anticrime policies. Among its most influential early members was Bill Clinton, whom it held up as an example of "third way" politics.1
4340602360don't ask, don't tellFrom 1993 to 2010, the policy affecting homosexuals in the military. It emerged as a compromise between the standing prohibition against homosexuals in the armed forces and President Clinton's push to allow all citizens to serve regardless of sexual orientation. Military authorities were forbidden to ask about a service member's orientation, and gay service personnel could be discharged if they publicly revealed their homosexuality. At President Obama's urging, Congress repealed DADT in 2010, permitting gays to serve openly in uniform.2
4340602361oklahoma city bombingTruck-bomb explosion that killed 168 people in a federal office building on April 19, 1995. The attack was perpetrated by right-wing and anti-government militant Timothy McVeigh, later executed by the U.S. government for the crime.3
4340602362contract with americaMulti-point program offered by Republican candidates and sitting politicians in the 1994 midterm election. The platform proposed smaller government, Congressional ethics reform, term limits, great emphasis on personal responsibility, and a general repudiation of the Democratic party. This articulation of dissent was a significant blow to the Clinton Administration and led to the Republican party's takeover of both houses of Congress for the first time in half a century.4
4340602363welfare reform billLegislation that made deep cuts in welfare grants and required able-bodied welfare recipients to find employment. Part of Bill Clinton's campaign platform in 1992, the reforms were widely seen by liberals as an abandonment of key New Deal/Great Society provisions to care for the impoverished.5
4340602364north american free trade agreement (NAFTA)Free trade zone encompassing Mexico, Canada, and the United States. A symbol of the increased reality of a globalized market place, the treaty passed despite opposition from protectionists and labor leaders.6
4340602365world trade organization (WTO)An international body to promote and supervise liberal trade among nations. The successor to the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, it marked a key world trade policy achievement of the Clinton Administration.7
4340602366whitewaterA series of scandals during the Clinton Administration that stemmed from a failed real estate investment from which the Clintons were alleged to have illicitly profited. The accusations prompted the appointment of a special federal prosecutor, though no indictments.8
4340602367lewinsky affairPolitical sex scandal that resulted in Bill Clinton's impeachment and trial by Congress. In 1998, Clinton gave sworn testimony in a sexual harassment case that he had never engaged in sexual activity with a White House intern named Monica Lewinsky. When prosecutors discovered evidence that the President had lied under oath about the affair, to which Clinton admitted, Republicans in Congress began impeachment proceedings. Although Clinton was ultimately not convicted by the Senate, the scandal put a lasting blemish on his presidential legacy.9
4340602368kyoto treatyInternational treaty to limit greenhouse gas emissions. It was negotiated and opened for signatories in 1997, and took effect in 2005. Although signed by 169 (of 192) countries, the Bush Administration rejected the plan as too costly in 2001.10
43406023699/11Common shorthand for the terrorist attacks that occurred on September 11, 2001, in which nineteen militant Islamist men hijacked and crashed four commercial aircraft. Two planes hit the Twin Towers of the World Trade Center in New York City, causing them to collapse. One plane crashed into the Pentagon in Washington, D.C., and the fourth, overtaken by passengers, crashed into a field in rural Pennsylvania. Nearly 3,000 people were killed in the worst case of domestic terrorism in American history.11
4340602370al quaedaArabic for "The Base," an international alliance of anti-Western Islamic fundamentalist terrorist organizations founded in the late 1980s. Founded by veterans of the Afghan struggle against the Soviet Union, the group was headed by Osama Bin Laden and has taken responsibility for numerous terrorist attacks, especially after the late 1990s. It organized the attacks of September 11, 2001, in the United States, from its headquarters in Taliban-controlled Afghanistan. Since the U.S-led invasion of Afghanistan in 2001 and the launch of the "Global War on Terror," the group has been weakened, but still poses significant threats around the world12
4340602371USA Patriot actLegislation passed shortly after the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, that granted broad surveillance and detention authority to the government.13
4340602372department of homeland securityCabinet-level agency created in 2003 to unify and coordinate public safety and anti-terrorism operations within the federal government14
4340602373guantanamo detention campControversial prison facility constructed after the U.S.-led invasion of Afghanistan in 2001. Located on territory occupied by the U.S. military, but not technically part of the United States, the facility serves as an extra-legal holding area for suspected terrorists.15
4340602374abu ghraib prisonA detention facility near Baghdad, Iraq. Under Saddam Hussein, the prison was the site of infamous torturing and execution of political dissidents. In 2004, during the U.S. occupation of Iraq, the prison became the focal point of a prisoner-abuse and torture scandal after photographs surfaced of American soldiers mistreating, torturing, and degrading Iraqi war prisoners and suspected terrorists. The scandal was one of several dark spots on the public image of the Iraq War and led to increased criticism of Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld.16
4340602375no child left behind actAn education bill created and signed by the George W. Bush administration. Designed to increase accountability standards for primary and secondary schools, the law authorized several federal programs to monitor those standards and increased choices for parents in selecting schools for their children. The program was highly controversial, in large part because it linked results on standardized to federal funding for schools and school districts.17
4340602376hurricane katrinaThe costliest and one of the deadliest hurricanes in the history of the United States, killing nearly 2000 Americans. The storm ravaged the Gulf Coast, especially the city of New Orleans, in late August of 2005. In New Orleans, high winds and rain caused the city's levees to break, leading to catastrophic flooding, particularly centered on the city's most impoverished wards. A tardy and feeble response by local and federal authorities exacerbated the damage and led to widespread criticism of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA).18
4340602377deleveragingThe inverse of "leveraging," whereby businesses increase their financial power by borrowing money (debt) in addition to their own assets (equity). In times of uncertainty or credit tightening, the same businesses seek to improve their debt-to-equity ratios by shedding debt through the sale of assets purchased with borrowed money.19
4340602378american relief and recovery actAmong the earliest initiatives of the Obama Administration to combat the Great Recession. It was based on the economic theories of John Maynard Keynes that called for increased government spending to offset decreased private spending in times of economic downturn. The Act was controversial from the outset, passing with no Republican votes in the House, and only three in the Senate, and helping to foster the "Tea Party" movement to curb government deficits, even while critics on the Left argued that the Act's $787 billion appropriation was not enough to turn the economy around. (985)20
4340602379patient protection and afforadable care actAlso known, somewhat derisively, as "Obamacare," the Act extended health care insurance to some 30 million Americans, marking a major step toward achieving the century-old goal of universal health care coverage for all citizens.21
4340602380wall street reform and consumer protection actAlso known as the Dodd-Frank Act, after its Democratic sponsors, Connecticut Senator Christopher Dodd and Massachusetts Representative Barney Frank. In an effort to avoid another financial crisis like the Great Recession, the Act updated many federal regulations affecting the financial and banking systems, and created some new agencies such as the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection.22
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AP World History: Period 3 Flashcards

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5627540655MercantileRelated to commerce or trade0
5627540656ConduitsA channel for conveying cultural diffusion between socieities1
5627540657Pastoral GroupsNomadic groups that domesticated animals and sustained trade networks2
5627540658InterregionalMovement from one region of a country to another3
5627540659MuhammadFounder of Islam4
5627540660DiffusionMovement of culture or cultural ideas from one area to another5
5627540661Silk RoadsA system of ancient caravan routes across Central Asia, along which traders carried luxury goods.6
5627540662Mediterranean Sea LanesTrade routes that connected Europe, the Middle East, and North Africa7
5627540663Trans-Saharan Trade RoutesTrade route stretching across the Sahara, predominantly involving the trade of gold and salt8
5627540664Indian Ocean Sea LanesLanes throughout the Indian Ocean connecting East Africa, southern Arabia, the Persian Gulf, India, Southeast Asia, and southern China. Also called Monsoon Marketplace9
5627540665Swahili City-StatesCity-states along the coast of Eastern Africa10
5627540666VeniceImportant Italian port for trade11
5627540667TenochtitlanMexican city, capital of the Aztec Empire12
5627540668Mesoamerica"Middle America" the region extending from modern-day Mexico through Central America13
5627540669CaravanseraiSystem of rest stops caravans used for supplies and safety14
5627540670CompassDirectional tool developed by the Han Dynasty in East Asia15
5627540671AstrolabeAn instrument used to determine location by observing the position of the stars and planets. Often used by sailors.16
5627540672CreditThe ability of a customer to obtain goods or services before payment, based on the trust that payment will be made in the future.17
5627540673MonetizationEstablishing something (e.g. gold or silver) as the legal tender of a country18
5627540674Bills of ExchangeCertificate saying you'll pay back a certain amount by a particular date19
5627540675Banking HouseThese European innovations developed during the Middle Ages to aid trade and manage credit, checks, and bills of exchange.20
5627540676Hanseatic LeagueAn economic and defensive alliance of the free towns in northern Germany, founded about 1241 and most powerful in the fourteenth century.21
5627540677InfrastructureThe basic physical and organizational structures and facilities (e.g., buildings, roads, and power supplies) needed for the operation of a society or enterprise.22
5627540678Grand CanalThe 1,100-mile (1,700-kilometer) waterway linking the Yellow and the Yangzi Rivers. It was begun in the Han period and completed during the Sui Empire.23
5627540679Byzantine EmpireThe eastern half of the Roman Empire, which survived after the fall of the Western Empire at the end of the 5th century C.E. Its capital was Constantinople, named after the Emperor Constantine.24
5627540680CaliphatesThe political-religious state comprising the Muslim community and the lands and the peoples under its dominion during the centuries after Muhammad's death.25
5627540681MongolsPeople from Central Asia when united ended up creating the largest single land empire in history.26
5627540682LinguisticPertaining to language27
5627540683LongshipsNarrow boats used by Vikings that allowed them to sail down thin rivers and channels, and pillage inland villages28
5627540684VikingsInvaders of Europe that came from Scandinavia29
5627540685ArabsEthnic group native to the Middle East30
5627540686BerbersEnthic group indigenous to North Africa, primarily Muslim living in settled or nomadic tribes from Morocco to Egypt31
5627540687SteppeA dry, grassy, treeless plain found in Asia and Eastern Europe.32
5627540688BantuThe people who spread throughout Africa (mostly Central and South) spreading agriculture, language, and iron.33
5627540689MaritimeRelating to the sea34
5627540690PolynesianDescribing islanders in the Pacific Ocean-- language, culture, people35
5627540691IslamA monotheistic religion based on the belief that there is one God, Allah, and that Muhammad was Allah's prophet.36
5627540692Arabian PeninsulaArea of the Middle East that is the birthplace of Islam and home of the Arabs37
5627540693MerchantA person who makes money by selling goods38
5627540694MissionaryAn individual who helps to diffuse a universalizing religion by converting other people.39
5627540695Diasporic CommunitiesMigrants who have relocated from their ancestral homelands and retain their distinct cultural identities as ethnic minority groups in their new host countries (e.g Jewish/Hebrew peoples).40
5627540696SogdianAn Iranian people (Indo-European). Between the fourth and ninth centuries they were probably the most important merchants along the Silk Roads41
5627540697Ibn BattutaMoroccan Muslim scholar, the most widely traveled individual of his time. He wrote a detailed account of his visits to Islamic lands from China to Spain and the western Sudan.42
5627540698Marco PoloVenetian merchant and traveler. His accounts of his travels to China offered Europeans a firsthand view of Asian lands and stimulated interest in Asian trade.43
5627540699XuanzangA famous Chinese Buddhist monk, scholar, traveler, and translator who described the interaction between China and India in the early Tang period. He became famous for his 17 year trip to India and back.44
5627540700NeoconfucianismNeo (or new) Confucianism developed both as a renaissance of traditional Confucian ideas, and as a reaction to the ideas of Buddhism and Daoism45
5627540701MexicaIndigenous peoples to northern Mesoamerica46
5627540702ToltecNomadic peoples from beyond the northern frontier of sedentary agriculture in Mesoamerica; established capital at Tula after migration into central Mesoamerican plateau; strongly militaristic ethic, including cult of human sacrifice.47
5627540703IberiaPeninsula in southwestern Europe occupied by modern day Spain and Portugal48
5627540704al-AndalusIslamic Spain49
5627540705PathogenAn organism that causes disease50
5627540706Epidemic DiseaseMany people acquire the disease in a particular location51
5627540707Bubonic PlagueYersinia pestis carried by fleas. Disease brought to Europe via trade (from the Mongols) during the Middle Ages. It killed 1/3 of the population and helped end feudalism.52
5627540708Dar al-IslamA term used by Muslim scholars to refer to those countries where Muslims can practice their religion freely53
5627540709AgrarianConcerning farms, farmers, or the use of land54
5627540710LegitimacyAcceptance of a ruler or government by the people.55
5627540711Tributary SystemA system in which areas not directly controlled by an empire give gifts or taxes in exchange for peace.56
5627540712KhanatesFour regional Mongol kingdoms that arose following the death of Genghis/ Chinggis Khan.57
5627540713FeudalismA political system in which nobles are granted the use of lands that legally belong to their king, in exchange for their loyalty, military service, and protection of the people who live on the land58
5627540714AbbasidsA dynasty that ruled much of the Muslim Empire from 750 to about 1250.59
5627540715SultanateLand ruled by a sultan60
5627540716CrusadesA series of holy wars from 1096-1270 CE undertaken by European Christians to "take back" the Holy Land from Muslim rule.61
5627540717Zheng HeAn imperial eunuch, explorer, and Muslim, during the Ming Dynasty. Took gigantic ships and massive fleets through the Indian Ocean, Southeast Asia, and Africa.62
5627540718UrbanizationAn increase in the percentage and in the number of people living in urban settlements.63
5627540719DemographicCharacteristics such as age, sex, income, location, education, and religion64
5627540720Coerced LaborWhen people are forced to work either as slaves or serfs.65
5627540721ChinampaRaised fields constructed along lake shores in Mesoamerica to increase agricultural yields.66
5627540722Waru waruAn Incan agricultural technique in which water creates a channel around growing crops67
5627540723TerracingCreating flat platforms in hillside that provide a level planting surface, which reduces soil runoff from the slope.68
5627540724TextilesCloth items69
5627540725PorcelainA thin, beautiful pottery invented in China70
5627540726GuildA medieval organization of crafts workers or trades people.71
5627540727SerfdomA type of labor commonly used in feudal systems in which the laborers work the land in return for protection but they are bound to the land and are not allowed to leave or to peruse their a new occupation. This was common in early Medeival Europe as well as in Russia and Japan until the mid 19th century.72
5627540728Mit'aLabor tax system used by the Incas73
5627540729Foot BindingPractice in Chinese society to alter women's feet in order to make them smaller ("more beautiful"); produced pain and restricted women's movement.74
5637620580Luxury goodsSilk, cotton, porcelain, spices, precious metals, gems, etc.75
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AP World History Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images
2411315893Hassan RouhaniIran president 2013, succeeded Ahmendinejad, he wanted to strengthen his relations with the rest of the world.0
2411315894Nawaz SharifPakistan, he has improved relations with the United States, but relationship with India has declined.1
2411315895Nelson MandelaThe first president of South Africa post-apartheid, served from 1994-1991. Led the truth and Reconciliation Commission to bring truth on both sides.2
2411315896Robert MugabeIndependence leader of Zimbabwe, in office since 1980, increasing authoritarian governments, crushes opposition, most western powers have removed diplomatic relations.3
2411315897Ellen Johnson-SirleafElected leader of Liberia since 2006, Nobel Peace Prize winner for women's right's, signed the freedom of information bill, one of the 10 best leaders in the world.4
2411315898Omar al-BashirAutocratic leader of Sudan since 1989, Sunni Islam, accused of genocide, participated in agreement for a South Sudan.5
2411315899Mahmoud AhmedinejadVery controversial, Iran, women's right's declined.6
2411315900Kim Jong-ilSupreme dictator of N. Korea.7
2411315901TalibanIslamic fundamentalist movement in Afghanistan.8
2411315902HezbollahOrganization in Lebanon, Shi'ite, more powerful than the army.9
2411315903HamasPalestinian Sunni Islamic organization, controls politics and military.10
2414385658World Trade OrganizationThe major traders established it in 1995, it is dedicated to reducing barriers and enforcing international agreements.11
2414388781OPECManipulated world oil prices12
2414389323StandardizationStandards in weights and measures13
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AP language Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images
4828908031ConnotaionThe interpretive level or a word based on its associated images rather than ts literal meaning0
4828908675DenotaionThe literal or dictionary meaning of a word1
4828908676AllusionA reference contained in a word2
4828910271LogosAn appeal based on logic or reason3
4828912127PathosAn appeal based on emotion4
4828912128EthosAn appeal based on the character of the the speaker. An____-driven document relies on the reputation of the author.5
5022146796Counter argumentA rebel, a reply, or a counter statement6
5022150901Juxtapositionplacing close together or side by side especially7
5022164542ToneManner of how you speak8
5022175166sarcasamBitter sharp remark9
5022189627PardoxStatement that is ironic Ex. standing is more tiring than walking10
5022198900Understatementspeech that contains an expression11
5084412433Euphemisma nice way of saying something unpleasant.12
5084412434Anaphorarepetition of words at the beginning of a phrase.13
5084412435Irony(sarcasm) when you say something wont happens happens.14
5084417286ColloquialismTalking slang. (lets go to me crib)15
5084419562Onomatopeasound of the word relates to the meaning (BOOM).16
5084423314Clicheover used expression, used too much.17
5084423315Jargonspecific words used by a particular profession that are difficult for others to understand18
5084425431Symbola thing that represent or stands fro something else.19
5084425432Fablelike a story that features animals or an adimite object to teach a lesson20
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