AP Notes, Outlines, Study Guides, Vocabulary, Practice Exams and more!

Algebra Final Flashcards

The STAR Exam Algebra end-of-the-year Formula

Terms : Hide Images
330339051Quadratic FormulaSimplified Form: x= [-b ± √(b² - 4ac)] / (2a) Standard Form: ax²+bx+c=01
330339052Distance Formulad = √[( x₂ - x₁) + (y₂ - y₁)] Also known as d=rt (distance = rate times time)2
330339053Midpoint Formula(x,y)= (x₁+x₂)/2, (y₁+y₂)/23
330339054Slope Formm= (y-y)/(x-x)4
330339055Slope-Intercept Form of the Liney = mx + b5
330339056General Linear Form of the LineAx+By=C Also known as the "Standard Form of the Line"6
330339057Point-Slope Form of the Liney - y₁ = m(x - x₁)7
330339058Pythagorean Theorema²+b²=c²8
Powered by Quizlet.com

Ch 5 Client Rights and Counselor Responsibilities Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images
1370465632AbandonmentThe failure of the psychologist to take the clinically indicated and ethically appropriate steps to terminate a professional relationship1
1370465633informed consentThe ongoing process of informing clients about their therapy for the purpose of helping them make autonomous decisions pertaining to it. The aim is for clients to become involved, educated, and willing participants in their therapy.2
1370465634informed consent documentProviding clients with a written statement pertaining to many aspects of their therapy that is generally discussed and signed by both therapist and client.3
1370465635legal aspects of informed consentThree elements that are basic to the legal definition of informed consent are: capacity, comprehension of information, and voluntariness.4
1370465636Behavioral telehealthPertains to electronic consultation between mental health providers and consumers.5
1370465637Breach of dutyInvolves either actions taken by a therapist or a failure to take certain precautions.6
1370465638CapacityA client possessing the ability to make rational decisions.7
1370465639causationClients needing to demonstrate that a professional's breach of duty was the direct cause of the injury they suffered.8
1370465640DutyExists when a therapist implicitly or explicitly agrees to provide mental health services.9
1370465641injuryClients being harmed in some way by the therapeutic process.10
1370465642Legal aspects of informed consentThree elements that are basic to the legal definition of informed consent are: capacity, comprehension of information, and voluntariness.11
1370465643MalpracticeLiterally meaning "bad practice," a legal concept that involves negligence that results in injury or loss to a client. Malpractice involves the failure to render professional services or to exercise the degree of skill that is ordinarily expected of other professionals in a similar situation.12
1370465644Process notesAlso known as psychotherapy notes, are not synonymous with progress notes; process notes deal with client reactions such as transference and the therapist's subjective impressions of a client13
1370465645Professional negligenceResults from unjustified departure from usual practice or from failing to exercise due care in fulfilling one's responsibilities.14
1370465646Progress notesA means of documenting aspects of a client's treatment and are kept in a client's clinical record15
1370465647Risk managementThe practice of focusing on the identification, evaluation, and treatment of problems that may injure clients, lead to filing of an ethics complaint, or lead to a malpractice action.16
1370465648Standard of careStandards that are commonly accepted by the profession and are considered as the acceptable standard of practice in the community.17
1370465649TerminationThe ethically and clinically appropriate process by which a professional relationship is ended18
Powered by Quizlet.com

Campbell's Biology Chapters 8-10 Vocabulary Flashcards

Campbell's Biology Chapters 8-10 Vocabulary (Unit Test)

Terms : Hide Images
1297181713metabolismthe totality of an organism's chemical reactions.1
1297181714catabolic pathwaya metabolic pathway that releases energy by breaking down complex molecules to simpler compounds.2
1297181715anabolic pathwaya metabolic pathway that synthesizes a complex molecule from simpler compounds.3
1297181716kinetic energythe energy of motion, which is directly related to the speed of that motion.4
1297181717potential energythe energy stored by matter as a result of its location or spatial arrangement.5
1297181718chemical energyenergy stored in the chemical bonds of molecules; a form of potential energy.6
1297181719first law of thermodynamicsthe principle of conservation of energy. energy can be transferred and transformed, but it cannot be created or destroyed.7
1297181720second law of thermodynamicsthe principle whereby every energy transfer or transformation increases the entropy of the universe.8
1297181721exergonic reactiona spontaneous chemical reaction, in which there is a net release of free energy.9
1297181722endergonic reactiona non-spontaneous chemical reaction, in which free energy is absorbed from the surroundings.10
1297181723adenosine triphosphate (ATP)releases free energy when its phosphate bonds are hydrolyzed11
1297181724phosphorylatedreferring to a molecule that has been the recipient of a phosphate group.12
1297181725catalysta chemical agent that changes the rate of a reaction without being consumed by the reaction.13
1297181726enzymea protein serving as a catalyst, a chemical agent that changes the rate of a reaction without being consumed by the reaction.14
1297181727activation energythe amount of energy that reactants must absorb before a chemical reaction will start.15
1297181728substratethe reactant on which an enzyme works.16
1297181729enzyme-substrate complexa temporary complex formed when an enzyme binds to its substrate molecule(s).17
1297181730active sitethe specific portion of an enzyme that attaches to the substrate by means of weak chemical bonds.18
1297181731induced fitthe change in shape of the active site of an enzyme so that it binds more snugly to the substrate, induced by entry of the substrate.19
1297181732competitive inhibitorsa substance that reduces the activity of an enzyme by entering the active site in place of the substrate whose structure it mimics.20
1297181733noncompetitive inhibitorsa substance that reduces the activity of an enzyme by binding to a location remote from the active site, changing its conformation so that it no longer binds to the substrate.21
1297181734fermentationa catabolic process that makes a limited amount of ATP from glucose without an electron transport chain and that produces a characteristic end product, such as ethyl alcohol or lactic acid.22
1297181735cellular respirationthe most prevalent and efficient catabolic pathway for the production of ATP, in which oxygen is consumed as a reactant along with the organic fuel.23
1297181736redox reactiona chemical reaction involving the transfer of one or more electrons from one reactant to another; also called oxidation-reduction reaction.24
1297181737oxidationthe loss of electrons from a substance involved in a redox reaction.25
1297181738reductionthe addition of electrons to a substance involved in a redox reaction.26
1297181739NAD+nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a coenzyme present in all cells that helps enzymes transfer electrons during the redox reactions of metabolism.27
1297181740electron transport chaina sequence of electron carrier molecules that shuttle electrons during the redox reactions that release energy used to make ATP.28
1297181741glycolysisthe splitting of glucose into pyruvate.29
1297181742citric acid cyclea chemical cycle that completes the metabolic breakdown of glucose molecules to carbon dioxide30
1297181743acetyl CoAthe entry compound for the citric acid cycle in cellular respiration31
1297181744ATP synthaseprovides a port through which hydrogen ions diffuse back into the matrix of a mitrochondrion.32
1297181745alcohol fermentationthe conversion of pyruvate to carbon dioxide and ethyl alcohol.33
1297181746lactic acid fermentationthe conversion of pyruvate to lactate with no release of carbon dioxide.34
1297181747NADP+an acceptor that temporarily stores energized electrons produced during the light reactions.35
1297181748chlorophyll aa type of blue-green photosynthetic pigment that participates directly in the light reactions.36
1297181749chlorophyll ba type of yellow-green accessory photosynthetic pigment that transfers energy to chlorophyll a.37
1297181750C3 PlantsA plant that uses the Calvin cycle for the initial steps that incorporate CO2 into organic material, forming a three-carbon compound as the first stable intermediate.38
1297181751CAM pathwayCarbon dioxide entering open stomata during the night is converted into organic acids, which release carbon dioxide for the Calvin cycle during the day, when stomata are closed.39
Powered by Quizlet.com

Kantism Flashcards

Kantism

Terms : Hide Images
504698397hypothetical imperativesIf (desire), then (action)1
504698398categorical imperativesmoral rules are of this kind-not dependent on what you want/desire2
504698399The Categorical Imperativealways act according to that rule that you can at the same time will that it should become universal law3
5046984003 parts of Categorical Imperative1.consider the rule you would be acting by 2.universalize the rule-imagine it applies to everyone 3.immoral rules are self-defeating when universalized4
514361652Peter Geach"There are no ACTUAL conflicts of duty-there can be THEORETICAL conflicts, but no ACTUAL ones"5
514361653The Categorical Imperative #2"Always treat humanity,whether in your own person, or on that of another, always as an END, and never as a MEANS only6
514361654Good Willthe ability to act according to Universal principles against inclination(feelings)7
514361655What's the intrinsic value?People8
514361656End-in themselvespurpose in itself9
514361657Means-to-an-endsomething to USE to achieve your goal10
514361658What matters, since consequences don't?the act, or duty itself11
514363633Prima Facie Duty-W.D. Ross -duty that can be overridden12
514363634Prima Facie Duty-we must have a reason for the action -we must be consistent13
Powered by Quizlet.com

Cambell Biology: Exam 1 Flashcards

Questions on Chapters 1-5

Terms : Hide Images
664144488A localized group of organisms that belong to the same species is called a:Population1
664144489The main source of energy for producers in an ecosystem is:light energy2
664144490Which branch of biology is concerned with the naming and classifying of organisms?taxonomy3
664144491Prokaryotes are classified as belongig to two different domains. What are the domains?Bacteria and Archaea4
664144492Which of these provides evidence of the common ancestry of all life?the near universality of the genetic code.5
664144493Charles Darwin proposed a mechanism for descent with modification that stated that organisms of a particular species are adapted to their environment when they possess:inheritable traits that enhance their survival and reproductive success in the local environment.6
664144494What is the major distinguishing characteristic of fungi?Absorbing dissolved nutrients.7
664144495Why is the theme of evolution considered to be the core theme of biology by biologists?It provides a framework within which all biological investigation makes sense.8
664144496Which of the following is the best description of a control for an experiment?The control group is matched with the experimental group except for one experimental variable.9
664144497All of the organisms on your campus make up:a community.10
664144498Which of the following statements best distinguishes hypotheses from theories in science?Hypotheses usually are relatively narrow in scope; theories have broad explanatory power.11
664144499Through time, the linage that led to modern whales shows a change from four-limbed land animals to aquatic animals with two limbs that function as flippers. This change is best explained by:Natural Selection.12
664144500When the body's blood glucose level rises, the pancreas secretes insulin and, as a result, the blood glucose level declines. When the bgl is low, the pancreas secretes glucagon and, as a result, the bgl rises. Such regulation of the bgl is the result of:negative feedback.13
664144501Organisms interact with their environments, exhanging matter and energy. For example, plant chloroplasts convert the energy of sunlight into:the potential energy of chemical bonds.14
664144502To understand the chemical basis of inheritance, we must understand the molecular structure of DNA. This is an example of the application of which concept to the study of biology?reductionism.15
666930254About 25 of the 92 natural elements are known to be essential to life. Which four of these 25 elements make up approximately 96% of living matter?carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen16
666930255Why is each element unique and different from other elements in chemical properties?Each element has a unique number of protons in its nucleus.17
666930256Knowing just the atomic mass of an element allows inferences about which of the following?the number of protons plus neutrons in the element18
666930257The precise weight of a mole of some pure elements like silicon (Si) can vary slightly from the standard atomic mass, or even from sample to sample, why?The element may have multiple stable isotopes, and the isotopic composition may vary from sample to sample19
666930258The atomic number of nitrogen is 7. Nitrogen -15 is heavier than nitrogen -14 because the atomic nucleus of nitrogen -15 contains how many neutrons?820
666930259What is the maximum number of electrons in a 2p orbital of an atom?221
666930260A covalent chemical bond is one in whichouter-shell electrons of two atoms are shared so as to satisfactorily fill the outer electron shells of both22
666930261What results from an unequal sharing of electrons between atoms?Polar covalent bonds23
666930262Which of the following molecules contains the most polar covalent bond?H2O24
666930263What is the difference between covalent bonds and ionic bonds?Covalent bonds involve the sharing of electrons between atoms; ionic bonds involve the electrical attraction between atoms.25
666930264In ammonium chloride salt (NH4Cl) the anion is a single chloride ion, Cl. What is the cation of NH4Cl?NH4, with a charge of +126
666930265Which of the following explains most specifically the attraction of water molecules to one another?hydrogen bond27
666930266Which of the following correctly describes any reaction that has reached chemical equilibrium?The rate of the forward reaction is equal to the rate of the reverse reaction.28
666930267Compared with 31P, the radioactive isotope 32P hasone more neutron.29
666930268Which statement is true of all atoms that are anions?The atom has more electrons than protons.30
666945882In a single molecule of water, two hydrogen atoms are bonded to a single oxygen atom by:Polar covalent bonds.31
666945883The slight negative charge at one end of one water molecule is attracted to the slight positive charge of another water molecule. What is this attraction called?Hydrogen bond.32
666945884Water molecules are able to form hydrogen bonds with:compounds that have polar covalent bonds.33
666945885A dietary Calorie equals 1 kilocalorie. Which of the following statements correctly defines 1 kilocalorie?1,000 calories, or the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of water by 1°C34
666945886Why does ice float in liquid water?Hydrogen bonds stabilize and keep the molecules of ice farther apart than the water molecules of liquid water.35
666945887You have a freshly-prepared 0.1M solution of glucose in water. Each liter of this solution contains how many glucose molecules?6.23x10^2336
666945888A strong acid like HClionizes completely in an aqueous solution.37
666945889Which of the following ionizes completely in solution and is considered to be a strong base (alkali)?NaOH38
666945890A 0.01 M solution of a substance has a pH of 2. What can you conclude about this substance?It is a strong acid that ionizes completely in water.39
666945891What is the hydrogen ion [H+] concentration of a solution of pH 8?10^-8M40
666945892If the pH of a solution is decreased from 9 to 8, it means that theconcentration of H+ has increased tenfold (10X) and the concentration of OH- has decreased to one-tenth (1/10) what they were at pH 9.41
666945893If the pH of a solution is increased from pH 5 to pH 7, it means that theconcentration of OH- is 100 times greater than what it was at pH 5.42
666945894Which of the following statements is true about buffer solutions?They maintain a relatively constant pH when either acids or bases are added to them.43
666945895Buffers are substances that help resist shifts in pH byboth donating H+ to a solution when bases are added, and accepting H+ when acids are added.44
666945896Research indicates that acid precipitation can damage living organisms bywashing away certain mineral ions that help buffer soil solution and are essential nutrients for plant growth.45
666945897If a solution has a pH of 7, this means thatthe concentration of H+ ions in the water equals the concentration of OH- ions in the water.46
666945898How would acidification of seawater affect marine organisms?Acidification would decrease dissolved carbonate concentrations and hinder growth of corals and shell building animals.47
666945899If the cytoplasm of a cell is at pH 7, and the mitochondrial matrix is at pH 8, this means thatthe concentration of H+ ions is tenfold higher in the cytoplasm than in the mitochondrial matrix48
666945900We can be sure that a mole of table sugar and a mole of vitamin C are equal in theirNumber of Molecules49
666945901One of the buffers that contribute to pH stability in human blood is carbonic acid (H2CO3). Carbonic acid is a weak acid that dissociates into a bicarbonate ion (HCO3-) and a hydrogen ion (H+). Thus, H2CO3 HCO3-+ H+ If the pH of the blood drops, one would expectthe HCO3-to act as a base and remove excess H+with the formation ofH2CO350
666956085The element present in all organic molecules is:carbon51
666956086The complexity and variety of organic molecules is due to:The chemical versatility of carbon atoms.52
666956087Stanley Miller's 1953 experiments proved thatorganic molecules can be synthesized abiotically under conditions that may have existed on early Earth.53
666956088How many electron pairs does carbon share in order to complete its valence shell?454
666956089A carbon atom is most likely to form what kind of bond(s) with other atoms?covalent.55
666956090Why are hydrocarbons insoluble in water?The majority of their bonds are nonpolar covalent carbon-to-hydrogen linkages.56
666956091Research indicates that ibuprofen, a drug used to relieve inflammation and pain, is a mixture of two enantiomers; that is, molecules thatare mirror images of one another.57
666956092A compound contains hydroxyl groups as its predominant functional group. Which of the following statements is true concerning this compound?It should dissolve in water.58
666956093Which two functional groups are always found in amino acids?carboxyl and amino59
666956094(Two molecules have same #s but are shaped differently) 33) The two molecules shown in the figure above are best described ascis-trans isomers60
666956095Which functional group shown above is characteristic of alcohols?-OH61
666956096Which functional group(s) shown above is (are) present in all amino acids?COOH NH262
666956097Which of the groups above is a carboxyl functional group?COOH63
666956098Which of the groups above is an acidic functional group that can dissociate and release H+ into a solution?COOH64
666956099Which of the groups above is a basic functional group that can accept H+ and become positively charged?NH265
670333185Humans and mice differ because:their cells have some differences in the sequence of nucleotides in their nucleic acids.66
670333186Molecules with which functional groups may form polymers via dehydration reactions?either hydroxyl or carboxyl groups67
670333187Which of these classes of biological molecules consist of both small molecules and macromolecular polymers?carbohydrates68
670333188Which of the following is not a polymer?glucose69
670333189What is the chemical reaction mechanism by which cells make polymers from monomers?dehydration reactions.70
670333190Which of the following polymers contain nitrogen?chitin71
670333191The molecular formula for glucose is C6H1206. What would be the molecular formula for a molecule made by linking three glucose molecules together by dehydration reactions?C18H32O1672
670333192All of the following are polysaccharides exceptlactose73
670333193Which of the following is true of both starch and cellulose?they both are polymers of glucose74
670333194Which of the following is true of cellulose?It is a major structural component of plant cell walls75
670333195Humans can digest starch but not cellulose becauseHumans have enzymes that can hydrolyze the "a" glycosidic linkages of starch but not the "B" glycosidic linkages of cellulose76
670333196Which of the following statements conceming saturated fats is not true?They have multiple double bonds in the carbon chains of their fatty acids77
670333197The label on a container of margarine lists "hydrogenated vegetable oil" as the major ingredient. What is the result of adding hydrogens to vegetable oil?They hydrogenated vegetable oil stays solid at room temperature78
670333198Large organic molecules are usually assembled by polymerization of a few kinds of simple subunits. Which of the following is an exception to this statement?a steriod79
670333199All of the following contain amino acids except:cholesterol80
670333200The bonding of two amino acid molecules to form a larger molecule requires:The release of a water molecule81
670333201There are 20 different amino acids. What makes one amino acid different from another?different side chains (R groups) attached to an "a" carbon82
670333202Upon chemical analysis a particular polypeptide was found to contain 100 amino acids. How many peptide bonds are present in this protein?9983
670333203Which bonds are created during the formation of the primary structure of a protein?peptide bonds84
670333204What maintains the secondary structure of a protein?hydrogen bonds between the amino group of one peptide bond and the carboxyl group of another peptide bond85
670333205The tertiary structure of a protein is theunique three-dimensional shape of the fully folded polypeptide.86
670333206If cells are grown in a medium containing radioactive 35S, which of these molecules will be labeled?proteins87
670333207Which of the following statements about the 5' end of a polynucleotide strand of DNA is correct?The 5' end has a phosphate group attached to the number 5 carbon of ribose88
670333208If 14C-labeled uridine triphosphate is added to the growth medium of cells, what macromolecules will be labeled?RNA89
670333209Which of the following descriptions best fits the class of molecules known as nucleotides?nitrogenous base, a phosphate group, and a pentose sugar90
670333210Which of the following are nitrogenous bases of the purine type?guanine and adenine91
670333211If a DNA sample were composed of 10% thymine, what would be the percentage of guanine?40%92
670333212The difference between the sugar in DNA and the sugar in RNA is that the sugar in DNAcontains one less oxygen atom93
670333213If one strand of a DNA molecule has the sequence of bases 5'ATTGCA3', the other complementary strand would have the sequence:5'TGCAAT3'94
670333214What is the structural feature that allows DNA to replicate?complementary pairing of the nitrogenous bases95
Powered by Quizlet.com

Chapter 20-22 Vocab, The American Pageant Flashcards

The American Pageant, 13th Edition

Terms : Hide Images
1115481024Fort SumterA federal fort in the south , Federal fort in the harbor of Charleston, South Carolina; the confederate attack on the fort marked the start of the Civil War1
1115481025Border StatesThe states between the north and the south: Delaware, Maryland, Kentucky, and Missouri2
1115481026The AlabamaA warship built by the British to aid the confederates that helped to destroy many merchant ships from the north.3
1115481027New York City Draft RiotsRiots that broke out after the announcement of a draft for soldiers to fight in the war4
1115481028Jefferson DavisAn American statesman and politician who served as President of the Confederate States of America from 1861 to 1865.5
1115481029Billy YankA nickname for the northern soldiers.6
1115481030Johnny RebA nickname for the confederate soldiers.7
1115481031Emancipation ProclamationAn order issued by Abraham Lincoln that freed slaves in the confederate states.8
1115481032Bull RunIt was the first real battle of the civil war, and was also a confederate victory.9
1115481033George McClellanA union general who was later fired by Lincoln for not moving troops to Richmond10
1115481034Stonewall JacksonBrave commander of the Confederate Army that led troops at Bull Run. He died in the confusion at the Battle of Chancellorsville.11
1115481035Robert E. LeeA General for the confederates, fought many battles. One of his main plans towards the end of the civil war was to wait for a new president to come into office to make peace with. Fought Peninsular Campaign, 2nd battle of Bull Run, Antietam, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville (with Jackson), and Gettysburg.12
1115481036Ulysses Grantan American general and the eighteenth President of the United States (1869-1877). He achieved international fame as the leading Union general in the American Civil War.13
1115481037Battle Of GettysburgTurning point of the War that made it clear the North would win. 50,000 people died, and the South lost its chance to invade the North.14
1115481038Battle of AntietamCivil War battle in which the North suceedeed in halting Lee's Confederate forces in Maryland. Was the bloodiest battle of the war resulting in 25,000 casualties15
1115481039Gettysburg Address(1863) a speech given by Abraham Lincoln after the Battle of Gettysburg, in which he praised the bravery of Union soldiers and renewed his commitment to winning the Civil War; supported the ideals of self-government and human rights16
1115481040William Tecumseh ShermanUnited States general who was commander of all Union troops in the West. He captured Atlanta and led a destructive march to the sea that cut the Confederacy in two (1820-1891)17
1115481041Sherman's "total war"Sherman's "March to the Sea". Sherman and his troops burned down and destroyed anything and everything they could.18
1115481042CopperheadsA group of northern Democrats who opposed abolition and sympathized with the South during the Civil War19
1115481043Clement VallandighamProminent Copperhead who was an ex-congressman from Ohio, demanded an end to the war, and was banished to the Confederacy20
1115481044Presidential Election of 1864a presidential election that pitted Abraham Lincoln (Republican) against Stephen A. Douglas (Northern Democrat), John Breckinridge (Southern Democrat), and John Bell (Constitutional Union Party); the main issue of the election was the debate over the expansion of slavery; Lincoln won and South Carolina seceded21
1115481045Appomattox courthousethe Virginia town where Robert E. Lee surrendered to Ulysses S. Grant in 1865, ending the Civil War22
1115481046John Wilkes BoothAbraham Lincoln's assasin23
111548104713th AmendmentAbolished slavery24
1115481048Military ReconstructionAct of 1867 that established military governments in ten Confederate states-excepting Tennessee-and required that the states ratify the Fourteenth Amendment and permit freedmen to vote.25
111548104915th AmendmentThe right to vote for all races26
1115481050Thaddeus StevensMan behind the 14th Amendment. He was known as a Radical Republican27
1115481051Ku Klux KlanA secret society created by white southerners in 1866 that used terror and violence to keep African Americans from obtaining their civil rights28
1115481052CarpetbaggersA northerner who went to the South immediately after the Civil War; especially one who tried to gain political advantage or other advantages from the disorganized situation in southern states;29
1115481053Impeachment of JohnsonHe was impeached because he violated the Tenure of Office Act, but it was really because of his stubborn defiance against Congress on Reconstruction.30
1115481054"Seward's Folly"Secretary of State William Seward's negotiation of the purchase of Alaska from Russia in 1867. At the time everyone thought this was a mistake to buy Alaska the "ice box" but it turned out to be the biggest bargain since the Louisiana purchase31
Powered by Quizlet.com

American Pageant Chapter 19 Vocab Flashcards

Key terms, people, and events from Chapter 19 of the 13th edition of the American Pageant.

Terms : Hide Images
1154663397Uncle Tom's CabinWritten by Harriet Beecher Stowe, very popular in the North, focused on slave families being torn apart1
1154663400The Impending Crisis of the SouthBanned and burned in the South, this book stated that non-slaveholding Whites were the ones that were hurt by slavery2
1154663404Shawnee Mission"Puppet" government established by pro-slavery individuals in Kansas3
1154663409Lawrence, KSFree-soil city that was burned by pro-slavery individuals4
1154663414Pottawatomie CreekLed by John Brown in Kansas, killed many proslavery individuals in retaliation for Lawrence, KS killings.5
1154663415Lecompton ConstitutionPeople in KS could vote on a Constitution with or without slavery. If slavery was voted down, it would be protected for those already there.6
1154663416Caning of Charles SumnerConflict between Northern Senator and S.C. Congressman, showed tensions in Congress between North and South7
1154663417"Fire-eaters"Southerners that threatened secession if a Republican were elected president8
1154663418Dred Scott v. SanfordSupreme Court decision that stated Blacks were not citizens, Congress could not prohibit slavery9
1154663419Freeport DoctrineArgument by Stephen Douglass that states could, in theory, limit slavery; caused a split in the Democratic Party10
1154663421Harpers FerryDesire to start a massive slave rebellion, 7 people killed, led to execution of John Brown, South afraid of future attacks11
1154663423John BrownRadical abolitionist, responsible for death of many in his desire for abolition. Hated by South, major cause of Civil War.12
1154663425Crittenden AmendmentLast ditch effort for peace before war, slavery protected where it is, could not expand beyond 36°30' line, rejected by Lincoln13
Powered by Quizlet.com

American Pageant Chapter 18 Vocab Flashcards

Key terms, people, and events from Chapter 18 of the 13th edition of the American Pageant.

Terms : Hide Images
1169509477Popular SovereigntyPopularized by Democrat Stephen Douglas, idea that people in a territory should decide for themselves whether they should be slave or free1
1169509478Ostend ManifestoIdea that US should buy Cuba from Spain for $120 million, or go to war for it. Cuba would become a slave state.2
1169509479Free-Soil PartyPrelude to the Republican Party, against the spread of slavery in the Mexican Cession, felt slavery took jobs away from Whites.3
1169509480Clayton-Bulwer TreatyAmerica and Britain agreed not to control any future isthmuses in Latin America4
1169509481Conscious WhigsMembers of the respective party that opposed slavery on moral grounds5
1169509482Gadsden PurchaseArea of land in southern AZ and NM, important to the transcontinental RR, under Franklin Pierce's administration6
1169509483Compromise of 1850Added CA as a free state, tougher fugitive slave law, popular sovereignty in Mexican Cession7
1169509484Personal Liberty LawsPassed by many states it the north, denied jails and courts for federal officials trying to capture slaves8
1169509485Fugitive Slave ActPart of Compromise of 1850, harsher treatment for runaway slaves, North held accountable for helping out runaway slaves9
1169509486Kansas-Nebraska ActOverturned the MO (1820) Compromise, popular sovereignty established for KS and NB10
Powered by Quizlet.com

American Pageant Chapter 17 Vocab Flashcards

Key terms, people, and events from Chapter 17 of the 13th edition of the American Pageant.

Terms : Hide Images
1372062700John TylerOne-term president after William Henry Harrison; saw the annexation of Texas1
1372062701Manifest DestinyBelief that the US was chosen by God to expand from coast to coast2
1372062702Caroline IncidentBritain set fire and sank a US ship in the Niagara River, almost led to war with Britain3
1372062703James K. Polk11th president; oversaw the purchase of California, Oregon dispute, lowered tariffs, and established an independent treasury4
1372062704Creole Incident130 slaves took control of a ship, Britain offered asylum in the Bahamas; increased tensions between the US and Britain5
1372062705Zachary TaylorGeneral during the Mexican-American War, becomes the 12th president6
1372062706Lame-duck PresidentTime after a new president is elected, but has not been inaugurated yet. (Today it would be from Nov. - Jan. 20)7
1372062707Treaty of Guadalupe HidalgoEnded the Mexican-American War, established the Mexico-Texas boundary at the Rio Grande8
1372062708Oregon Trail2,000 mile journey from Independence, MO to Oregon in which 1,000s of people died along the way9
1372062709Wilmot ProvisoBelief that slavery should not exist in ANY of the territories gained from the Mexican-American War10
Powered by Quizlet.com

APUSH: American Pageant: Chapter 16 Flashcards

20 terms from Chapter 16 in the American Pageant

Terms : Hide Images
1025573074Eli WhitneyInvented the Cotton Gin Cotton Production increase (1lb/day --> 1,000 lbs/day) Drove for a need for more land = more slaves Cotton became "King" Led to a New Era1
1025573075Planter AristocracyEnjoyed a lion's share of Southern wealth 1,733 owned 100+ slaves =cream of political and social leadership Educated children in finest schools Obligated to serve the public2
1025573076Sir Walter ScottFavorite author of the South Supported feudal society Accused by Twain of starting the Civil War3
1025573077Land ButcheryExcessive Cultivation Caused heavy leakage of pop. to West and Northwest Caused soil to become infertile4
1025573078Free Blacks"Third Race" Vulnerable in South to being hijacked back into slavery Prohibited from working certain jobs Hated by Irish b/c job competition Unpopular in North (Denied the right to vote and education)5
1025573079Frederick DouglasBlack abolitionist and self educated orator Former slave Mobbed and beaten by Northern whites6
1025573080Black IvoryA term given to slaves when there was such a high demand and smuggling began after 18087
1025573081Sold Down the RiverProcess where slaves were sold from soil-exhausted slave states. Commonly sent from Virginia to the lower Mississippi Valley.8
1025573082Harriet Beecher StoweSeized emotional power from slave auctions to capture an audience. Abolitionist Wrote "Uncle Tom's Cabin"9
1025573083DriverA Black man who had the power over and oversaw the work of other Black slaves.10
1025573084Black BeltStretched from South Carolina and Georgia into Alabama, Mississippi, and Louisiana. Where most slaves were concentrated. Where the Cotton Kingdom burst in a few short decades11
1025573085Peculiar InstitutionThe system of slavery in the South Caused antislavery societies to form Inhumane Euphemism for slavery12
1025573086American Colonization SocietyFounded in 1817 to transport slaves back to Africa They would send slaves to the Republic of Liberia13
1025573087Theodore Dwight WeldAbolitionist against the sin of slavery Appealed to untutored farmers Fanned across Old Northwest Assemble propaganda pamphlet "America Slavery as It Is" Most effective abolitionist tract Influenced "Uncle Tom's Cabin"14
1025573088William Loyd GarrisonMild-looking reformer Published "The Liberator" Triggered a 30 year war of words Wouldn't tolerate the poisonous weed of slavery15
1025573089American Slavery SocietyFounded in 1833 by abolitionists dedicated to Garrison's standard16
1025573090Wendell PhillipsBoston patrician known as "abolition's golden trumpet." Ate no cane sugar & wore no cotton cloth because they were produced by southern slaves Member of the American Slavery Society17
1025573091David WalkerBlack abolitionist Wrote "Appeal to the Colored Citizens of the World" Advocated a bloody end to white supremacy18
1025573092Sojourner TruthFreed black woman who fought for black emancipation and women's rights Condemned the sin of slavery19
1025573093Gag ResolutionRequired all antislavery appeals to be tabled without debate Attack on the right to petition John Q. Adams fought successfully for its repeal20
Powered by Quizlet.com

Pages

Subscribe to CourseNotes RSS

Need Help?

We hope your visit has been a productive one. If you're having any problems, or would like to give some feedback, we'd love to hear from you.

For general help, questions, and suggestions, try our dedicated support forums.

If you need to contact the Course-Notes.Org web experience team, please use our contact form.

Need Notes?

While we strive to provide the most comprehensive notes for as many high school textbooks as possible, there are certainly going to be some that we miss. Drop us a note and let us know which textbooks you need. Be sure to include which edition of the textbook you are using! If we see enough demand, we'll do whatever we can to get those notes up on the site for you!