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Human Geography

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CHAPTER RELIGION

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Origin of Religions CHRISTIANITY -Jesus (Born 8-4 BC, died on cross 30 AD), belive he died for sins, raised from dead, & resurrection -R.C. believe in Pope, Baptism confirmation penance anointing the sick matrimony holy orders Eucharist -E. orthodox came out of pope & patriarchy of Constantinople , accept 7 sacraments but rejected RC doctrines since 8th century -protestantism reformation in 16th century, martin luther 95 theses grace achieved through faith not sacraments by church ISLAM -same background of Judaism & Christianity -trace story through Ishmael -Quran= holy book -Arabic is lingua franca in Muslim world -Shiites and Sunnis BUDDHISM -Founder= siddartha guatama ?awakened or enlightened one? -leaves life as prince and goes into deep meditation

Chapter 6 Religion Key Issue 1

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Universalizing Religions Universalizing Religions: attempt to be global, to appeal to all people wherever in the world Denomination: division of branch that unites a # of local congregations in a single legal & administrative body Sect: is a small group that has broken away from an established denomination CHRISTIANITY -2 billion followers -predominant relig. In N. & S. America, Europe, Australia, some countries in Africa BRANCHES OF CHRISTIANITY -3 major branches: Roman Catholic 50%, Protestant 25%, Eastern Orthodox 10%, African, Asian & Latin Am. 15% -Europe= Roman Cath. Dominant Christian branch in SW & E, Protestant in NW, East. Orth. In E. & SE -Netherlands & Switz. Have approx. = % of R.C. & Protestants

AP Human Geography: The Cultural Landscape Chapter 6

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Chapter 6: Religion Religion interests geographers because it is essential for understanding how humans occupy Earth. Noth Americans pride themselves on religious tolerance. Most North Americans are Christian, but practice different branches. Roman Catholic, Protestant, and others. North America is also home to millions of Muslims, Jews, Buddhists, Bah is, Hindus, and other faiths. Tens of millions of people practice no faith. The freedom to establish a religion is a protected right. Different outside North America. 1/3rd of world is Christian. Around the world, people care deeply about their religions and are willing to fight other religious groups and governments to protect their right to worship as they choose.

Italian Demographic Transition

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Italy is currently in Stage Four of the Demographic Transition Model. They currently have a -0.1 Rate of Natural Increase. This is caused by many contributing factors: a low CBR and a higher CDR (due to the majority of the population being older). Paired with emigration, the country is reducing its population growth. High Crude Death Rates and even higher CBR, creating gradual population growth, characterized Italy’s stage 1. The Industrial Revolution encouraged progression into the next stage. In the mid-nineteenth century, sanitation and new medicines caused Italy’s CDR to drop and NIR to rise. After the population peaked, it began to even out, and eventually decreased to create Stage Four.

Rubenstein Ch. 5

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Key Issue 2: Why is English Related to Other Languages? Indo-European Branches Language Family - a collection of languages related through a common ancestral language that existed long before recorded history Language Branch - a collection of languages related through a common ancestral language that existed several thousand years ago Indo European is divided into eight branches. Large numbers of people speaks the first four, Indo-Iranian, Romance, Germanic, and Balto-Slavic. They are clustered in South Asia, southwestern Europe and Latin America, northwestern Europe and North America, and Eastern Europe. English and German are closely related. They are part of a language group West Germanic – they are structurally similar and have many words in common.

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