Chapter one and two outline
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Psychology
Forum reference:
Book page:
http://course-notes.org/Psychology
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Psychology Edit
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Prologue Roots of Psychology Scholars who spent their lives wondering about people ?Do our feelings always match our behaviors?? India China Middle East Europe They looked carefully at our minds and how our bodies related to them. Prescientific Psychology 2,000 years ago, Buddah & Confucius focused on powers and origins of ideas Other worlds Ancient Hebrews, Socrates & Plato (his student along with Aristotle (Platos student) thought whether mind & body are connected or distinct & if ideas are innate or from experience Rene Descartes and john Locke reengaged those aspects Locke described the mind as ?white paper? which experience writes The mind acts only on what has come through the senses Psychological Science Born
AP Psychology Notes- Chapter One
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Hindsight Bias The tendency to believe, after learning of an outcome, that one could have foreseen it The ?I-knew-what-would-happen-all-along? phenomenon Common sense is not always so obvious and correct, it describes what has happened easier than what will happen. Overconfidence Those who are confident in their assumptions are not always correct; Hindsight bias and overconfidence often lead us to overestimate our intuition. Scientific Attitude Skeptical, not cynical. Open, not gullible Curious skepticism Humility- be willing to prove yourself wrong Critical Thinking Thinking that does not blindly accept arguments/conclusions, but examines, evaluates, assesses, and asks questions Scientific Method Theory
AP Psychology Notes- Chapter One
Subject:
Hindsight Bias The tendency to believe, after learning of an outcome, that one could have foreseen it The ?I-knew-what-would-happen-all-along? phenomenon Common sense is not always so obvious and correct, it describes what has happened easier than what will happen. Overconfidence Those who are confident in their assumptions are not always correct; Hindsight bias and overconfidence often lead us to overestimate our intuition. Scientific Attitude Skeptical, not cynical. Open, not gullible Curious skepticism Humility- be willing to prove yourself wrong Critical Thinking Thinking that does not blindly accept arguments/conclusions, but examines, evaluates, assesses, and asks questions Scientific Method Theory
AP Psychology Notes- Chapter One
Subject:
Hindsight Bias The tendency to believe, after learning of an outcome, that one could have foreseen it The ?I-knew-what-would-happen-all-along? phenomenon Common sense is not always so obvious and correct, it describes what has happened easier than what will happen. Overconfidence Those who are confident in their assumptions are not always correct; Hindsight bias and overconfidence often lead us to overestimate our intuition. Scientific Attitude Skeptical, not cynical. Open, not gullible Curious skepticism Humility- be willing to prove yourself wrong Critical Thinking Thinking that does not blindly accept arguments/conclusions, but examines, evaluates, assesses, and asks questions Scientific Method Theory
AP Psychology Notes- Prologue
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Psychology The scientific study of behavior and mental processes A science- the process of: answering questions rigorous analysis careful observation The Very Beginnings Buddha- how do sensations/perceptions form ideas in our minds? Confucius- emphasized the power of the educated mind Hebrew Scriptures- how do feelings come from the mind/body? Socrates, Descartes, & Plato- mind and body are separate (Nature) Aristotle- Mind and body together (Nurture) Empiricism The view that knowledge originates from experiences, therefore science should rely on observation and experimentation. Idea of John Locke ?Tabula Rosa? (blank slate)- people are born with their mind a blank slate Based off of ideas of Francis Bacon Birth of Psychology (1879) Germany: Wilhelm Wundt- professor
Berkeley, Epicurus, and Plato
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Tags:
Plato -RATIONALIST -world of the Forms, unchanging universal ideas of nessnesses, difficult to know them -physical objects are imperfect, finite instances of the Form of a chair -it is difficult to access the Forms -the Form of x includes this or that good -to this or that good, we need the Form of good -true knowledge is access to the forms -the Forms are the eternal and unchanging reality beneath the constant flux of life -physical world exists but is a shadow of what is real, the Forms exist in an intelligible realm -Error comes from thinking that we have access to truth -physical objects share in and resemble reality but are not identical with it, Forms are more real than tangible objects
Abnormal Psychology Chapter 11
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Autism
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What is Autism?
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a range of complex neurodevelopment disorders, characterized by social impairments, communication difficulties, and restricted, repetitive, and stereotyped patterns of behavior. It occurs in all ethnic groups and affects every age group. Experts estimate that three to six children out of every 1,000 will have ASD. Males are four times more likely to have ASD than females.
What are some common signs of autism?
Bipolar
Subject:
Bipolar Disorder
Because there is no culture, no blood or urine test, no EKG or biopsy that specifically can diagnose bipolar disorder, you might wonder how the doctors arrived at that diagnosis. Like many psychiatric disorders, bipolar disorder can be difficult to diagnose. For many years, doctors have tried to clarify the guidelines they use to diagnose psychiatric disorders. However the experience of a given mental illness varies from one person to the next and this variation is one of the reasons mental illness can be so difficult to diagnose.
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