US History

Trouble on the Frontier Competing Empires mid 1700s France & Britain controls lot o? North America british needed farmland pushed Ohio River area (French area) The French and Indian War Begins 1753 French building forts in btwn Lake Erie & Ohio River alarmed Virginia colony (claimed) so sent 21 yr old surveyor George Washington French rejected warning George built fort Alleghony & Monongahela rivers @ Ohio River (Fort Necessity) French building own fort there (Fort Duquesne) Washington?s troops beat small French force French came back and destroyed Fort Necessity The Albany Congress British called meeting w/ colony leaders @ Albany, New York also invited Iroquois tribes 4 alliance ? but they refused (thought French would win)

Chapter 4 Sections 1 & 2 Building a National Identity The Era of Good Feelings w/ end War 1812 Rep. took control fed gov pres election 1816 victory Rep. James Monroe Monroe beat Fed. Rufus King ? 183 to 34 electoral votes Fed. party started 2 lose powa Monroe wanted promo national unity Spring & Summer 1817 goodwill circuit w/ middle & north o? country while Monroe in Boston, local newspaper described national unity: ?Era of Good Feelings? name described 2 terms Monroe second time running 1820, opposed by no one Building the National Economy after 1815 ppl believed fed gov go against ?lasseiz faire? expressed by Henry Clay, John C. Calhoun, Daniel Webster Clay spoke 4 ppl west about better transportation Calhoun spoke 4 ppl southeast, l8er emphasizes more states? rights

The Crisis Deepens A New Antislavery Party As Whig Party split 1854 north Whigs joined Republican Party 2 stop spread slavery into west attracted northern Democrats & Free-Soil Party members Republicans grew force & congressional elections 1854 few months after founding 245 candidates, 105 Republican cost Democrats control all but 2 north state legislatures 2 yrs l8er 1856 Republican party chose John C. Fr?mont waged strong antislavery campaign won 11 of 16 free states Buchanan elected The Dred Scott Decision March 18573 days after Buchanan took office US Supreme Court Dred Scott v. Sandford Dred Scott enslaved person owned U.S. Army doc lived in Illinois & Wisconsin slavery illegal both states after leaving army settled w/ Scott in Missouri

A Call for Women?s Rights The Struggle Begins 1820 rights of USA women limited couldn?t vote, serve on jury, attend college, enter medicine/law married women couldn?t own property or keep wages both men & women believed women belonged 2 privacy of home women active in social reforms began 2 demand equal rights to all citizens Sojourner Truth born into slavery in NYS illiterate but important voice in woman?s rights Lucretia Mott, Quaker abolitionist Quakers allowed women 2 take public roles Lucretia Mott had a lot of experience in public organizing and speaking Seneca Falls Convention 1840 Mott traveled 2 London & attended international antislavery convention there she met Elizabeth Cady Stanton honeymooning w/ husband (delegate 2 conference)

The Plantation South The Cotton Kingdom north urbanized but south agricultural industrial revolution boomed textile demand booming cotton demand The Cotton Gin 1793 Eli Whitney devised simple machine sped up process o? cotton spiked cylinder 2 remove seeds 4om cotton fibers Slave Labor 1790 698,000 enslaved African Americans ? 1860: 4 million slave price increased 10-20 times cotton greatest source o? wealth in US where there waz mo cotton (Alabama, Mississippi), mo slaves where there waz less cotton (Kentucky), less slaves society dominated by plantation owners living in luxury mo then half south farmers had no slaves grew corn & raised hogs and chickens Defending Slavery many feared lose control o?re AA would mean riots & violent uprisings