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Campbell AP Bio Study Guide Chapter 2

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Biology
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Chemistry
Chemical bonding
Chemical bond
Valence electron
Orbital hybridisation
electron
Hydrogen bond
molecule
Hydrogen
Covalent bond
Chemical polarity
Proton
Technology
behavior
Human development
Interpersonal relationships
Love
Psychoanalysis
Human behavior
Attachment theory
Evolutionary biology
Personal life

Campbell's Biology, 9e (Reece et al.) Chapter 2 The Chemical Context of Life This chapter presents basic chemical principles for understanding the chemical context of living organisms, from atomic structure to the nature of chemical bonds and an introduction to chemical equilibrium. These questions focus on elements most important to life or the study of life, including the elements that comprise organic molecules and important trace elements. Some isotopes are important in geologic dating and in biological tracer studies. How elements participate in forming different types of chemical bonds is essential to mastering subsequent topics on the behavior and properties of biological molecules, structures, and energy metabolism. Multiple-Choice Questions

Chemistry of Life

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Biology
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Chemistry
Chemical bonding
Physical chemistry
Chemical elements
Inorganic solvents
Chemical bond
Chemical reaction
Hydrogen bond
molecule
Properties of water
Chemical polarity
Covalent bond

Chapter 6 The Chemistry of Life Atoms and Their Interactions Elements Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen make up more than 96% of the mass of a human body. Atoms All nuclei contain: positively charged particles called protons (p+) particles with no charge called neutrons (n0). Electron cloud The region of space surrounding the nucleus contains extremely small, negatively charged particles called electrons (e-) This region of space is referred to as an electron cloud. Energy levels The first energy level can hold only two electrons. The second level can hold a maximum of eight electrons. The third level can hold up to 18 electrons. How many electrons are in fluorine?s 2nd energy level? How many protons are in an atom of fluorine? Isotopes

Campbell Biology Chapter 4 Study Guide

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Biology
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Chemistry
organic chemistry
Chemical nomenclature
Isomerism
Chemical formulas
Carbon
Chemical bond
Substituent
Isomer
molecule
Alkane

Name Period Chapter 4: Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life Concept 4.1 Organic chemistry is the study of carbon compounds 1. Study this figure of Stanley Miller?s experiment to simulate conditions thought to have existed on the early Earth. Explain the elements of this experiment, using arrows to indicate what occurs in various parts of the apparatus. What was collected in the sample for chemical analysis? What was concluded from the results of this experiment? Concept 4.2 Carbon atoms can form diverse molecules by bonding to four other atoms Make an electron distribution diagram of carbon. It is essential that you know the answers to these questions: How many valence electrons does carbon have? How many bonds can carbon form?

Campbell Biology Chapter 2 Study Guide

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Biology
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Chemistry
Chemical bonding
Chemical bond
Valence electron
molecule
electron
Covalent bond
Ionic bond
Chemical reaction
Hydrogen
ion
Helium

Name Period Chapter 2: The Chemical Context of Life This chapter covers the basics that you may have learned in your chemistry class. Whether your teacher goes over this chapter, or assigns it for you to review on your own, the questions that follow should help you focus on the most important points. Concept 2.1 Matter consists of chemical elements in pure form and in combinations called compounds Define and give an example of the following terms: matter: element: compound: What four elements make up 96% of all living matter? What is the difference between an essential element and a trace element? essential element: trace element: Concept 2.2 An element?s properties depend on the structure of its atoms

AP BIO

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Biology
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Chemistry
Chemical bonding
Chemical elements
Nonmetals
Inorganic solvents
Oxides
Properties of water
water
Chemical bond
Hydrogen
molecule
Heat capacity

Chapters 1, 2, &3. AP Biology Summarize Themes connect the concepts of biology Evolution is the core thing Accounts for the unity and diversity of life Charles Darwin and Theory of natural selection Taxonomy > classification of organisms Domains: Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya 6 Kingdoms: Plant, Animal, Fungi, Protista, Bacteria, Archaebacteria New properties emerge at each level in the biological hierarchy O>P>C>E>B Atom > Molecule > Organelle > Cell > Tissue > Organ > Organ System > O Organisms interact with their environments, exchanging matter and energy Energy > Producers > Consumers Structure and Function are correlated at all levels of biological organization Form Suits function Cells are an organism?s basic units of function Prokaryotes vs. Eukaryotes

Ch 2: Environmental systems

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Environmental Science
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Chemistry
Physics
Chemical bond
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Hydrogen bond
molecule
Hydrogen
Properties of water
matter
Radiation
Chemical substance
ion

Pauline Lee APES Chapter 2: Environmental Systems A Lake of Salt Water, Dust Storms, and Endangered Species Mono Lake- terminal lake water flows into it, but doesn?t flow out a. Picks up salt and other minerals- deposited in the lake b. Evaporation- buildup of salt concentration c. Mono brine shrimp/larvae of Mono Lake alkali fly i. Consume microscopic algae Los Angeles Department of Water and Power reduce amount of water diverted and allow the lake to refill to about 2/3rds of historical depth Earth is a Single Interconnected System Large system may contain many smaller systems within it Fisheries of the North Atlantic a. Physiologist- study how codfish survive in freezing waters i. Fish and internal organs system being studied

Chapter 6- Chemistry in Biology

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Biology
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Chemistry
Physics
Nuclear chemistry
Quantum chemistry
Charge carriers
Baryons
Chemical bond
molecule
matter
Proton
Isotope
Atom
Technology

Chapter 6-Chemistry in Biology COMPOSITION OF MATTER -Matter-everything in universe is composed of matter. -Matter is anything that occupies space or has mass -Mass-quantity of matter in an object -Weight-pull of gravity on us ELEMENTS -Pure substances that cannot be broken down chemically into simpler kinds of matter -More than 100 elements (92 naturally occuring) -90% of the mass of an organism is composed of 4 elements (oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen) -Each element has a unique chemical symbol -Consists of 1-2 letters -First letter is always captialized ATOMS -The simplest particle of an elemetnt that remains all the properties of that element. -Properties of atoms determine the structure and properties of the matter they compose.

AP bio summer hw ch 2 questions

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Biology
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Chemistry
Chemical bonding
Chemical formulas
Quantum chemistry
Chemical nomenclature
Hydrogen bond
Chemical bond
Carbon-based life
molecule
Chemical compound
Properties of water
Substituent

AP Biology Summer Assignment Unit 2: The Chemistry of Life Ch. 2- Write the key concepts from chapter 2 (include concept number also). These are listed for you in the front of each chapter. The key concepts from chapter 2 are concept 2.1 which states, ?Matter consists of chemical elements in pure form and in combinations called compounds.? Concept 2.2 which states, ?An element?s properties depend on the structure of its atom.? Concept 2.3 which states, ?The formation and function of molecules depend on chemical bonding between atoms.? And lastly concept 2.4 which states, ?Chemical reactions make and break chemical bonds. Ch. 3- Use illustrations to describe how the structure of a water molecule allows it to form hydrogen bonds with other water molecules.

Holt Biology Chapter 2 Section 1

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Biology
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Chemistry
Chemical bonding
Chemical bond
ion
Covalent bond
Chemical polarity
electron
molecule
Atom
Energy level
Hydrogen
Valence electron
Technology

Unit 1 Chapter 2: Chemistry of Life Section 1: Nature of Matter Atom Smallest unit of matter that can?t be broken down by chemical means Protons, Neutrons, Electrons Electron cloud Region around nucleus that electrons can occupy at any time Stable atoms usually have no charge 1 electron for every 1 proton Elements Pure substance made of one kind of atom Differ in number of protons Ex. Carbon-12 (Carbon has 6 protons) 12-6=6 Carbon-12 has 6 neutrons Compound Substance made of joined atoms of 2 or more different elements Chemical formula identifies what is in compound and those elements? proportions Ex. NaCl 1 Sodium for every 1 Chlorine Covalent Bonds Two or more atoms share electrons to form a molecule Molecule Group of atoms held together by covalent bonds

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