Politics

Post-Independence and Critical Period (1789-1800) 73. Judiciary Act of 1789: established federal district courts that followed local procedures, Supreme Court had final jurisdiction; compromise between nationalists and advocates for states? rights 74. Bill of Rights: protected rights of individual from the power of?the central government 75. Bank of the United States: Hamilton?s plan to solve Revolutionary debt, Assumption highly controversial, pushed his?plan through Congress, based on loose interpretation of Constitution 76. Report on Public Credit: proposed by Hamilton to repair war?debts; selling of securities and federal lands, assumption of state debts, set up the first National Bank?

World War I (1910-1920) 255. Lusitania: British passenger liner secretly carrying ammunition sunk by German u-boat, included American passengers 256. Zimmerman Note: intercepted by Britain; Germany proposed alliance with Mexico, using bribe of return of TX, NM, and AZ; Japan included in alliance 257. Unrestricted submarine warfare: Germany announced that it would sink all (including American) ships, attempt to involve U.S.in war? 258. Creel Committee: Committee on Public Information; aimed to sell America and the world on Wilson?s war goals; propaganda, censorship, ?four-minute men? speeches, ?Liberty Leagues? (spy on community) 259. War Industries Board: attempted to centralize production of war?materials; ineffective due to American desire for laissez-faire government

1945-1960 335. President Harry Truman: first president to show positive response to civil rights movement; worked heavily on keeping Soviet spread of communism in check? 336. Jackie Robinson: first African-American in major league baseball 337. Desegregation of Armed Forces (1947): banned racial discrimination in federal practices; To Secure These Rights called for desegregation, anti-lynching, end of poll taxes 338. Dixiecrats, 1948: fought for old Southern way of life (states? rights), attempted to gain higher standing within Democratic party; aimed to deny Truman enough electoral votes to avoid his reelection by nominating Strom Thurmond (SC governor)