What are the effects of obesity on America?
Connor Crisp P.6 3/2/10 Persuasive P.E. Essay
Nutrition
Connor Crisp P.6 3/2/10 Persuasive P.E. Essay
Carbohydrates
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Chapter 41 Brief outline
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Chapter 41
Animal Nutrition
Outline
I. An Animal’s Diet must Supply Chemical Energy, Organic Molecules, and Essential Nutrients
A. Essential Nutrients
1. Essential Nutrients- materials an animal requires but cannot make
2. Four essential nutrients
a) Essential Amino Acids- amino acid that must be obtained in a prefabricated form
b) Essential Fatty Acids- an unsaturated fatty acid
c) Vitamins- organic molecules required in very small amounts (Example: Vitamin C)
d) Minerals- inorganic material required in small amounts (Example: Zinc)
B. Dietary Deficiencies
1. Undernourishment- result of consistently consuming less than the required amount of calories for metabolism
2. Malnourishment- long-term absence from one or more essential nutrients
C. Assessing Nutritional Needs
Chapter 41 Animal Nutrition notes
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Proteins and Nucleic Acids
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Protein types: enzymatic structural storage transport hormonal receptor contractile Building Blocks Amino acids -> Proteins Nucleotides -> DNA/RNA Shape and color are important features of building blocks Protein/Amino Acids monomer = amino acid polymer = joined by peptide bonds (dehydration reaction) Dehydration process Polymerizing amino acids ? R group dictates what the polypeptide will do Hydrophobic = CH 3 ; Hydrophilic = -OH, -SH- NH (charged particles R Groups 20 different life-building side chains (amino acids) Polypeptide polymer consisting of a large number of amino-acid residues bonded together in a chain, forming part of (or the whole of) a protein molecule
protein digestion and absorption
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Protein Digestion
As I have suggested before, life is a system of cooperating enzyme reactions, and once again, enzymes are the prime movers in protein digestion just as they were in carbohydrate digestion. The enzymes for protein digestion are collectively called proteinases (protein-ACES) or proteases (pro-tea-ACES). Proteins are broken apart by the protein-digesting enzymes in a process called hydrolysis.
Learning Express AP Biology Exam 2
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1. Semiconservative replication of DNA refers to the fact that A. the daughter DNA is an entirely new duplex and thus the original DNA is intact. B. pieces of the old and new DNA duplexes are jumbled together in the daughter generation. C. each strand of the parent DNA serves as a template for the synthesis of its new partner strand. Thus, one strand is conserved in each new double helix. D. DNA replication is modest in its ATP requirements. E. DNA replication occurs by base pairing between adenine and thymine and between guanine and cytosine. 2. The following statements about the codon are true EXCEPT A. the codon is a triplet of nucleotides on messenger RNA (mRNA). B. the codon is a triplet of bases on transfer RNA (tRNA).
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