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Classical conditioning

Unit 6 AP Psychology

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UNIT 6 NOTES Learning- long lasting change in behavior due to experience (relatively permanent change in an organism?s behavior due to experience) Association- Learning to associate two events We learn by association Our minds naturally connect events that occur in sequence Aristotle 2000 years ago John Locke and David Hume 200 years ago Associative Learning learning that two events occur together two stimuli a response and its consequence Classical Conditioning Ivan Pavlov Studied Digestion of Dogs. Dogs would salivate before they were given food (triggered by sounds, lights etc?) Dogs must have LEARNED to salivate This is passive learning (automatic?learner does NOT have to think). First thing you need is a unconditional relationship.

Unit 6 (Myers)

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SEQ CHAPTER \h \r 1AP Psychology Unit VI: Learning Homework Assignments Read the assigned pages of your textbook for understanding of the content. To do this you need to (1) answer the provided guided reading questions OR (2) take notes on your own. You do NOT need to do both! Module 26: pages 263-272 Define learning. Learning is the process of acquiring new and relatively enduring information or behaviors. What is associative learning? Associative learning is learning that certain events occurs together. The events may be two stimuli or a response and its consequences. Who is Ivan Pavlov and what did he contribute to classical conditioning?

An AP review regarding conditioning

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Classical conditioning involves establishing a connection between two otherwise unlinked stimulations via repetition, eventually linking the stimulus so that the action happens when the stimulus occurs. This is different than operant conditioning, conditioning based upon reinforcement. This differs from classical conditioning because there is no ?middle man? for stimulus connection; the behavior is reinforced, not linked through a stimulus. Still different from the two prior is observational learning, which requires only that the individual see an action and mirror that action.

Attributes of Learning and Classical Conditioning

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Rescorla-Wagner (1972) Theory of Classical Conditioning

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Rescorla-Wagner (1972) Theory of Classical Conditioning Rescorla-Wagner Theory (1972) Organisms only learn when events violate their expectations (like Kamin?s surprise hypothesis) Expectations are built up when ?significant? events follow a stimulus complex These expectations are only modified when consequent events disagree with the composite expectation Rescorla-Wagner Theory These concepts were incorporated into a mathematical formula: Change in the associative strength of a stimulus depends on the existing associative strength of that stimulus and all others present If existing associative strength is low, then potential change is high; If existing associative strength is high, then very little change occurs
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