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Philosophy of psychology

Psych Notes

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Ch. 1.2 History of Psychology Notes 5th and 6th century Greek philosophers Mind=psyche Rene Descartes Dualism: the idea that the mind and body are separate entities First systematic approach to the relationship to mind and body Francis Bacon Founders of modern science Common sense judgement Developed scientific method John Locke Empiricism: the idea that knowledge comes from experience and that observation and experimentation enable scientific knowledge ?Tabula Rasa??Latin for blank slate Humans are born knowing nothing Knowledge is learned, not inherited Nurture Phrenology Labeled parts of the brain 19th century Charles Darwin Theory of natural selection/Darwinism/evolution Survival of the fittest Sir Francis Galton Inheritance Success was inherited Nature Notes:

Unit 1 AP Psychology

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UNIT 1 NOTES: Psychology: The study of our inner feelings and behaviors (our feelings do not always match our behaviors Psychology has Greek roots- ?psyche-? means ?mind? and is separate & distinct from the physical body. ?-ology? is a field of study, the ?study of the mind? History of Psychology: Although the science of psychology started in the late 1800?s, the concept has been around a lot longer. There was evidence of trephination (cutting holes into a skull to let evil spirits out) back in the Stone Age. Introspection: Started with William Wundt?s first psychological laboratory (1879) and his concept of introspection (structuralism). Then William James wrote The Principles of Psychology and discussed functionalism.

Weiten Chapter 8 Powerpoint Language and Thought

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* Chapter 8 Language And Thought Psychology: Themes and Variation Wayne Weiten, 8e * Chapter 8 Contents Intro: The Cognitive Revolution Language: Turning Thoughts into Words Problem Solving: In Search of Solutions Decision Making: Choices and Chances Understanding Pitfalls in Reasoning About Decisions Shaping Though with Language * Intro: The Cognitive Revolution Cognition: mental processes involved in acquiring knowledge 19th Century focus on the mind Introspection yielded unreliable results Behaviorist focus on overt responses Cognitive psychologists believe behaviorism yields an incomplete picture of human functioning Empirical study of cognition ? 1956 Chomsky ? new model of language Simon and Newell ? problem solving Miller ? memory

An AP review regarding conditioning

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Classical conditioning involves establishing a connection between two otherwise unlinked stimulations via repetition, eventually linking the stimulus so that the action happens when the stimulus occurs. This is different than operant conditioning, conditioning based upon reinforcement. This differs from classical conditioning because there is no ?middle man? for stimulus connection; the behavior is reinforced, not linked through a stimulus. Still different from the two prior is observational learning, which requires only that the individual see an action and mirror that action.

Lord of the Flies: Psychoanalytical

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Psychoanalysis Ralph is controlled by the Ego and he cannot be the superego because of his many flaws and in capabilities, you see this when he is not the hunter, and also when he tells people to call piggy, piggy because that is not what he wants to be called.?You pinched Piggy s specs. You?ve got to give them back You played a dirty trick-we d have given you fire if you d asked for it You could have had fire whenever you wanted. But you didn?t. You came sneaking up like a thief and stole Piggy s glasses.? Also Ralph matures in this novel.
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