Human behavior

Chapter 8 An Introduction to Metabolism Overview: The Energy of Life The living cell Is a miniature factory where thousands of reactions occur Converts energy in many ways Some organisms Convert energy to light, as in bioluminescence Figure 8.1 Concept 8.1: An organism?s metabolism transforms matter and energy, subject to the laws of thermodynamics Metabolism Is the totality of an organism?s chemical reactions Arises from interactions between molecules Organization of the Chemistry of Life into Metabolic Pathways A metabolic pathway has many steps That begin with a specific molecule and end with a product That are each catalyzed by a specific enzyme Enzyme 1 Enzyme 2 Enzyme 3 A B C D Reaction 1 Reaction 2 Reaction 3 Starting molecule Product Catabolic pathways

Chapter 14 Mendel and the Gene Idea Overview: Drawing from the Deck of Genes What genetic principles account for the transmission of traits from parents to offspring? One possible explanation of heredity is a ?blending? hypothesis The idea that genetic material contributed by two parents mixes in a manner analogous to the way blue and yellow paints blend to make green An alternative to the blending model is the ?particulate? hypothesis of inheritance: the gene idea Parents pass on discrete heritable units, genes Gregor Mendel Documented a particulate mechanism of inheritance through his experiments with garden peas Figure 14.1 Concept 14.1: Mendel used the scientific approach to identify two laws of inheritance Mendel discovered the basic principles of heredity

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. Use the following information to answer the questions below. Thomas Engelmann illuminated a filament of algae with light that passed through a prism, thus exposing different segments of algae to different wavelengths of light. He added aerobic bacteria and then noted in which areas the bacteria congregated. He noted that the largest groups were found in the areas illuminated by the red and blue light. 1) What did he conclude about the congregation of bacteria in the red and blue areas? A) Bacteria are attracted to red and blue light and thus these wavelengths are more reactive than other wavelengths.