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Cytogenetics

Heredity

Subject: 
Biology
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Genetics
Cytogenetics
Chromosome
Classical genetics
heredity
Biology
evolution
Gene
Phenotypic trait

Student Worksheet?Biology Strand: Heredity and Evolution Name___________________________ Date__________________ School_________________ Student?please print this worksheet and complete it as you interact with the tutorial. The completed worksheet should be turned in to your assigned teacher. Tutorial: What is heredity? http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/begin/tour/ Why do children resemble their parents, brothers and sisters? What is the basis of heredity? Where are our traits? Where are genes located? A. What helps define our traits? B. Give an example. How many sets of chromosomes do humans have? How do parents pass genes to a child? What two cells join to make a zygote? ___________________ & _________________

Chromosomes

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Biology
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Cytogenetics
chromosomes
Classical genetics
Genetics
Molecular genetics
Karyotype
Ploidy
Homologous chromosome
Somatic cell
Gamete
Sex-determination system
Autosome

Surface Area to Volume Ratio and Karyotypes Surface Area= Area of each side of an object combined (Ex= Cube has 6 sides so the surface area would be the area of each side added all together) Volume= The amount of space that an object occupies, length x width x height Surface area to volume ratio can be described as the bigger something is or the more volume, the less surface area. On the other hand, the smaller something is or the less volume, then the more surface area.

Pearson Ch 15 - The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

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Biology
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Genetics
Cytogenetics
Molecular genetics
Epigenetics
chromosomes
Y chromosome
Homologous chromosome
Genomic imprinting
X-inactivation
Genetic linkage
Allosome
X chromosome

Ch 15: The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance and Gene Linkage Overview: Locating Genes on Chromosomes Mendel?s ?hereditary factors? were genes Today we can show that genes are located on chromosomes The location of a particular gene can be seen by tagging isolated chromosomes with a fluorescent dye that highlights the gene The chromosome theory of inheritance states: Mendelian genes have specific loci (positions) on chromosomes Chromosomes undergo segregation and independent assortment The behavior of chromosomes during meiosis can account for Mendel?s laws of segregation and independent assortment Concept 15.1: Mendelian inheritance has its physical basis in the behavior of chromosomes Morgan?s Experimental Evidence

ap_bio_chap_10_meiosis.ppt

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Biology
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cell cycle
chromosomes
Molecular genetics
Cytogenetics
mitosis
Meiosis
Chromatid
Homologous chromosome
Sister chromatids
Anaphase
Ploidy
Chromosome

0 10 Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles Overview: Variations on a Theme Living organisms are distinguished by their ability to reproduce their own kind Heredity is the transmission of traits from one generation to the next Variation is demonstrated by the differences in appearance that offspring show from parents and siblings Genetics is the scientific study of heredity and variation Figure 10.1 Concept 10.1: Offspring acquire genes from parents by inheriting chromosomes In a literal sense, children do not inherit particular physical traits from their parents Inheritance of Genes Genes are the units of heredity and are made up of segments of DNA Genes are passed to the next generation via reproductive cells called gametes (sperm and eggs) Most DNA is packaged into chromosomes

Speciation

Subject: 
Biology
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Biology
Genetics
Philosophy of biology
Classical genetics
Cytogenetics
Ecology
Evolutionary biology
Speciation
Polyploid
Ploidy
Chromosome
Sympatry
Environment

The last ice age produced many different species mainly because of vicariance events; the glaciers physically separated populations from each other. Sympatry: populations that live close enough to interbreed Gene flow prevents speciation in sympatric populations A mating between a tetraploid individual and a diploid individual produces: triploid individuals: which likely produce nonviable gametes with an uneven number of chromosomes All polyploid individuals contain more than two haploid sets of chromosomes
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Chp 12 Bio

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Biology
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Biology
Genetics
Cytogenetics
Classical genetics
Molecular genetics
Epigenetics
Genomic imprinting
Y chromosome
Chromosome
Genetic linkage
Meiosis
Gamete
health

Overview: Locating Genes Along Chromosomes ? Mendel?s ?hereditary factors? were genes, though this wasn?t known at the time. ? The location of a particular gene can be seen by tagging isolated chromosomes with a fluorescent dye that highlights the gene. Concept 12.1 Mendelian inheritance has its physical basis in the behavior of chromosomes ? The chromosome theory of inheritance states: ? Mendelian genes have specific loci (positions) on chromosomes ? Chromosomes undergo segregation and independent assortment. ? The behavior of chromosomes during meiosis was said to account for Mendel?s laws of segregation and independent assortment. Morgan?s Experimental Evidence & Choice of Experimental Organism

Ap Biology Chapter 15 Review

Subject: 
Biology
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Biology
Genetics
Cytogenetics
Molecular genetics
Classical genetics
Cellular processes
Genetic linkage
Chromosomal crossover
Y chromosome
Genomic imprinting
Chromosome
Meiosis
health
behavior
Human development
Interpersonal relationships
Love
Psychoanalysis
Human behavior
Attachment theory
Ethology
Personal life
Technology

Chapter 15 The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance Overview: Locating Genes Along Chromosomes Mendel?s ?hereditary factors? were genes, though this wasn?t known at the time Today we can show that genes are located on chromosomes The location of a particular gene can be seen by tagging isolated chromosomes with a fluorescent dye that highlights the gene Concept 15.1: Mendelian inheritance has its physical basis in the behavior of chromosomes Mitosis and meiosis were first described in the late 1800s The chromosome theory of inheritance states: Mendelian genes have specific loci (positions) on chromosomes Chromosomes undergo segregation and independent assortment The behavior of chromosomes during meiosis was said to account for Mendel?s laws of segregation and independent assortment

15_Lecture_Presentation

Subject: 
Biology
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Biology
Genetics
Classical genetics
Cytogenetics
Molecular genetics
Epigenetics
Y chromosome
Genetic linkage
Meiosis
Chromosome
Genomic imprinting
Dihybrid cross
behavior
Human development
Interpersonal relationships
Love
Psychoanalysis
Human behavior
Personal life
Attachment theory
Evolutionary biology
Technology

Chapter 15 The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance Overview: Locating Genes Along Chromosomes Mendel?s ?hereditary factors? were genes, though this wasn?t known at the time Today we can show that genes are located on chromosomes The location of a particular gene can be seen by tagging isolated chromosomes with a fluorescent dye that highlights the gene Copyright ? 2008 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings Fig. 15-1 Concept 15.1: Mendelian inheritance has its physical basis in the behavior of chromosomes Mitosis and meiosis were first described in the late 1800s The chromosome theory of inheritance states: Mendelian genes have specific loci (positions) on chromosomes Chromosomes undergo segregation and independent assortment

Reproduction and Development

Subject: 
Biology
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Biology
reproduction
Genetics
fertility
Cell Biology
Chromosome
Cytogenetics
Asexual reproduction
sex
Nucleic acid
cell
DNA
health
Technology

Reproduction and Development The essential feature of reproduction is hereditary information carried by nucleic acid DNA There are some plants and animals that act as both male or female Asexual Reproduction Types of chromosomes must be exactly the same in the daughter cells as in the parent
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Mendel and Meoisis

Subject: 
Biology
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Biology
Genetics
Classical genetics
Cytogenetics
Cellular processes
cell cycle
Meiosis
Genetic linkage
Homologous chromosome
Monohybrid cross
Chromosome
Gamete
health

Mendel and Meiosis Meiosis Genes, Chromosomes, and Numbers Organisms have tens of thousands of genes that determine their traits These genes are lined up on chromosomes (one can contain 1,000+ genes) In body cells of most plants and animals, chromosomes occur in pairs (one from mom, one from dad) Diploid: a cell with two of each kind of chromosome (2n) Organisms have two factors, called alleles, for each trait Organisms produce gametes that contain one of each kind of chromosome Haploid: a cell containing one of each kind of chromosome (n) Homologous chromosomes: the two chromosomes of each pair in a diploid cell Each member of a pair has genes for the same traits, arranged in the same order, but not necessarily identical

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