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Homologous chromosome

Chapter 15 review

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Biology
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Classical genetics
Genetics
Genetic linkage
Mendelian inheritance
Complete linkage
Alfred Sturtevant
Homologous chromosome
genetic recombination
Test cross
heredity
Dominance
Thomas Hunt Morgan

CHAPTER 15THE CHROMOSOMAL BASIS OFINHERITANCE Copyright ? 2002 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Section A: Relating Mendelism to Chromosomes1. Mendelian inheritance has its physical basis in the behavior ofchromosomes during sexual life cycles2. Morgan traced a gene to a specific chromosome3. Linked genes tend to be inherited together because they are located on thesame chromosome4. Independent assortment of chromosomes and crossing over produce geneticrecombinants5. Geneticists use recombination data to map a chromosome?s genetic loci

Chromosomes

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Biology
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Cytogenetics
chromosomes
Classical genetics
Genetics
Molecular genetics
Karyotype
Ploidy
Homologous chromosome
Somatic cell
Gamete
Sex-determination system
Autosome

Surface Area to Volume Ratio and Karyotypes Surface Area= Area of each side of an object combined (Ex= Cube has 6 sides so the surface area would be the area of each side added all together) Volume= The amount of space that an object occupies, length x width x height Surface area to volume ratio can be described as the bigger something is or the more volume, the less surface area. On the other hand, the smaller something is or the less volume, then the more surface area.

Pearson Ch 13 - Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

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Biology
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Molecular genetics
Cellular processes
cell cycle
chromosomes
Developmental biology
Meiosis
Homologous chromosome
Ploidy
Gamete
Sister chromatids
Chromatid
mitosis

Ch 13: Meiosis and sexual life cycles Concept 13.1: Offspring acquire genes from parents by inheriting chromosome Comparison of Asexual and Sexual Reproduction In asexual reproduction, a single individual passes genes to its offspring without the fusion of gametes A clone is a group of genetically identical individuals from the same parent In sexual reproduction, two parents give rise to offspring, through the fusion of gametes, that have unique combinations of genes inherited from the two parents Concept 13.2: Fertilization and meiosis alternate in sexual life cycle Sets of Chromosomes in Human Cells Human somatic cells (any cell other than a gamete) have 23 pairs of chromosomes The two chromosomes in each pair are called homologous chromosomes, or homologs

Pearson Ch 15 - The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

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Biology
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Genetics
Cytogenetics
Molecular genetics
Epigenetics
chromosomes
Y chromosome
Homologous chromosome
Genomic imprinting
X-inactivation
Genetic linkage
Allosome
X chromosome

Ch 15: The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance and Gene Linkage Overview: Locating Genes on Chromosomes Mendel?s ?hereditary factors? were genes Today we can show that genes are located on chromosomes The location of a particular gene can be seen by tagging isolated chromosomes with a fluorescent dye that highlights the gene The chromosome theory of inheritance states: Mendelian genes have specific loci (positions) on chromosomes Chromosomes undergo segregation and independent assortment The behavior of chromosomes during meiosis can account for Mendel?s laws of segregation and independent assortment Concept 15.1: Mendelian inheritance has its physical basis in the behavior of chromosomes Morgan?s Experimental Evidence

Principles of Biology Macmillan Chapter 11

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Biology
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cell cycle
Cellular processes
Molecular genetics
mitosis
chromosomes
Meiosis
Cell growth
Sister chromatids
Homologous chromosome
cell division
Spindle apparatus
Chromosome

Biology Chapter 11 Cell Division: 11.1 A) Cell Division Cell Division: the process by which a single cell becomes two daughter cells Prokaryotic cells divide by binary fission Eukaryotic cells divide by Mitosis and Cytokinesis Ori = Origin of replication (code for replication ) B) Binary Fission FtsZ, a protein it encodes forms a ring at the site of constriction where the new cell wall forms between the two daughter cells (very similar to Tublin) Cell Division in bacteria and archaeon?s occurs by binary fission Together, mitosis and cytokinesis are known as mitotic cell division. M phase (mitosis and cytokinesis) alternates with interphase, which consists of G1, S (synthesis), and G2?phases. These four stages together constitute the cell cycle.

ap_bio_chap_10_meiosis.ppt

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Biology
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cell cycle
chromosomes
Molecular genetics
Cytogenetics
mitosis
Meiosis
Chromatid
Homologous chromosome
Sister chromatids
Anaphase
Ploidy
Chromosome

0 10 Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles Overview: Variations on a Theme Living organisms are distinguished by their ability to reproduce their own kind Heredity is the transmission of traits from one generation to the next Variation is demonstrated by the differences in appearance that offspring show from parents and siblings Genetics is the scientific study of heredity and variation Figure 10.1 Concept 10.1: Offspring acquire genes from parents by inheriting chromosomes In a literal sense, children do not inherit particular physical traits from their parents Inheritance of Genes Genes are the units of heredity and are made up of segments of DNA Genes are passed to the next generation via reproductive cells called gametes (sperm and eggs) Most DNA is packaged into chromosomes

Intro to Evolution and Evolutionary Genetics: Exam Study Notes

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Biology
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Biology
Genetics
Gene
Chromosome
Meiosis
DNA
evolution
cell
Mutation
Dominance
Cohesin
Homologous chromosome

Evolution and the Themes of Biology Identify global challenges that may require a biological solution. pollution acid rain / ocean acidification antibiotic-resistant pathogens Describe how an organism?s environmental adaptations result from evolution. individuals best suited to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce more individuals will have these advantageous traits in subsequent generations (if they are heritable) Identify (and give examples) of the different levels of the hierarchy of biology. Domain: Eukarya Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Mammalia Order: Carnivora Family: Ursidae Genus: Ursus Species: Ursus Maritimus Describe how the food competition hypothesis (in the context of giraffes? long necks) was not supported by data.

Mendel and Meoisis

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Biology
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Biology
Genetics
Classical genetics
Cytogenetics
Cellular processes
cell cycle
Meiosis
Genetic linkage
Homologous chromosome
Monohybrid cross
Chromosome
Gamete
health

Mendel and Meiosis Meiosis Genes, Chromosomes, and Numbers Organisms have tens of thousands of genes that determine their traits These genes are lined up on chromosomes (one can contain 1,000+ genes) In body cells of most plants and animals, chromosomes occur in pairs (one from mom, one from dad) Diploid: a cell with two of each kind of chromosome (2n) Organisms have two factors, called alleles, for each trait Organisms produce gametes that contain one of each kind of chromosome Haploid: a cell containing one of each kind of chromosome (n) Homologous chromosomes: the two chromosomes of each pair in a diploid cell Each member of a pair has genes for the same traits, arranged in the same order, but not necessarily identical

Genetics

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Environmental Science
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Biology
Cell Biology
mitosis
cell cycle
Cytogenetics
Molecular genetics
Meiosis
Chromosome
Homologous chromosome
Ploidy
Anaphase
Metaphase
health

Chapter 10: Sexual Reproduction and Genetics CHROMOSOMES AND CHROMOSOME NUMBER -Human body cells have 46 chromosomes -Each parent contributes 23 chromosomes -Homologous chromosomes- one of two paired chromosomes, one from each parent -Same length -Same centromere position -Carry genes that control the same inherited traits HAPLOID AND DIPLOID CELLS -An organism produces gametes to maintain the same number of chromosomes from generation to generation -Human gametes contain 23 chromosomes -A cell with n chromosomes is a haploid cell -A cell with 2n chromosomes is a diploid cell - MEIOSIS I -The sexual life cycle in animals ivolves meiosis -Meiosis produces gametes -When gametes combine in fertilization, the number of chromosomes is restored MEIOSIS

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