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Ploidy

chapter 13 reading guide

Subject: 
Biology
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Biology
Genetics
Cytogenetics
reproduction
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Cellular processes
Meiosis
Ploidy
Chromosome
Biological life cycle
Homologous chromosome
Sexual reproduction
health

AP Biology Name _________________________ Chapter 13 Guided Reading Compare and contrast asexual and sexual reproduction.?? Define the following terms: Life cycle? Somatic cell? Karyotype? Homologous chromosomes? Sex chromosomes? Autosomes? Diploid cell? Haploid cell? Fertilization? Zygote? meiosis? How are karyotypes prepared???? Describe the three different types of life cycles.????? What exactly is meant by alternation of generations???? Complete the diagram below outlining an overview of meiosis.???? What are the two broad goals of meiosis??? Label the following diagrams of meiosis.?????? Summarize the comparison of mitosis and meiosis.????????? Describe in detail the three sources of genetic variation in meiosis. ?????? ?????? ???

Mitosis and Meiosis

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Biology
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Biology
Genetics
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cell cycle
Cellular processes
Meiosis
Homologous chromosome
Ploidy
Chromosome
mitosis
Chromatid
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2/27/13 1:16 PM Sisterchromatids ? 2 identical copies of a chromosome/chromatin attached at a centromere. Meiosis 2 divisions called meiosis I and meiosis II. During Meiosis I Crossing over ? exchanges genetic information between homologous chromosomes. Independent assortment ? Line up randomly and separate into daughter cells Both increase genetic diversity in sexual reproduction. During Meiosis II Sisterchromatids divide Final Result 4 cells, haploid genetically different from original cell. Mitosis and Meiosis 2/27/13 1:16 PM 2/27/13 1:16 PM
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Ch. 46 Notes*

Subject: 
Biology
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Biology
reproduction
Genetics
fertility
reproductive system
Developmental biology
Pollination
Ploidy
Parthenogenesis
Meiosis
sex
Fertilisation
#AP Bio #CampbellBiology

Ch 46 Sexual Zygote ? fertilized egg Gamete- sex cell Egg Sperm Asexual Most animals do sexy only, but some do asex or both Mechanisms of Asex reproduction Invertebrates Fission-separation of a parent organisms into 2 individuals of equal size Sea anemone Budding- new individuals come from outgrowth of existing ones Corals Fragmentation and regeneration Sponges, cnidarians Parthenogenesis-asex where egg develops without being fertilized Bees, wasps, ants Haploid ? no meiosis occurred, no fertilization occurred, becomes adult that makes either egg or sperm. ? mainly male in honeybee and some ant populations Diploid- develop from fertilized eggs, becomes adult- worker ant or bees

Government

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US Gov and Politics
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Biology
Molecular genetics
Cytogenetics
Cellular processes
Genetics
cell cycle
Meiosis
Homologous chromosome
Ploidy
Synapsis
Chromosome
Chromosomal crossover
health

Chapter 13 Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles Lecture Outline Overview: Hereditary Similarity and Variation Living organisms are distinguished by their ability to reproduce their own kind. Offspring resemble their parents more than they do less closely related individuals of the same species. The transmission of traits from one generation to the next is called heredity or inheritance. However, offspring differ somewhat from parents and siblings, demonstrating variation. Farmers have bred plants and animals for desired traits for thousands of years, but the mechanisms of heredity and variation eluded biologists until the development of genetics in the 20th century. Genetics is the scientific study of heredity and variation.

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