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Avogadro's law

AP Chemistry Zumdahl 7E Chapter 5 Notes

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Chemistry
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Gas laws
Gases
thermodynamics
Physical chemistry
State functions
Gas
Ideal gas
Avogadro's law
Boyle's law
Partial pressure
Kinetic theory
Temperature

AP Chemistry A. Allan Chapter 5 - Gases 5.1 Pressure A. Properties of gases 1. Gases uniformly fill any container 2. Gases are easily compressed 3. Gases mix completely with any other gas 4. Gases exert pressure on their surroundings a. Pressure = force/area B. Measuring barometric pressure 1. The barometer a. Inventor - Evangelista Torricelli (1643) 2. Units a. mm Hg (torr) (1) 760 torr = Standard pressure b. newtons/meter2 = pascal (Pa) (1) 101,325 Pa = Standard pressure c. atmospheres (1) 1 atmosphere = Standard pressure 5.2 The Gas Laws of Boyle, Charles, and Avogadro A. Boyle's Law (Robert Boyle, 1627 - 1691) 1. the product of pressure times volume is a constant, provided the temperature remains the same kPV = a. P is inversely related to V

Gas Stoich Notes

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Atmospheric thermodynamics
Amount of substance
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thermodynamics
Avogadro's law
Stoichiometry
Gas
Ideal gas
Standard conditions for temperature and pressure
Volume
Monatomic gas

preAP Chemistry 2013-2014 1 Name ___________________________ Period ______ I. Avogadro?s Law ? Avogadro?s Law states that ____________ volumes of gases at the __________ temperature and pressure contain equal numbers of particles. - At STP, _________________ particles (1 mol) will have a volume of ___________ Using Avogadro?s Law EX 1: Determine the volume (in L) occupied by 212 g of oxygen at STP. EX 2: Determine the density of nitrogen at STP. II. Ideal Gas Law ? Up to now we have always kept the ______________ of gas constant. Recognize that as the amount of gas changes, its corresponding _________________ changes. (Avogadro?s Law)

Bob Jones PPT Notes -- Chapter 10c

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thermodynamics
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Gas constant
Avogadro's law
Mole
Environment

Gases and the Mole Gay-Lussac formulated the law of combining volumes. Law of Combining Volumes Gases at the same temperature and pressure react with one another in volume ratios of small whole numbers. Law of Combining Volumes Example 1: H2 + Cl2 2HCl 1 L + 1 L 2 L Law of Combining Volumes Example 2: 2H2 + O2 2H2O 2 L + 1 L 2 L Avogadro?s law The volume of a gas, maintained at a constant temperature and pressure, is directly proportional to the number of moles of the gas. Molar Volume the volume that a mole of gas occupies at standard temperature and pressure Molar Volume 1 mole of ANY gas at STP occupies 22.4 L. Sample Problem 1 What volume would 7 moles of carbon dioxide occupy at STP? = 157 L CO2 7 mol CO2 22.4 L 1 mol Change 228 L of O2 at STP to moles. 470 moles 426 moles

States of Matter

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Properties of water
Kinetic theory
Amount of substance

Chem 110 Chapter 5 Test Review States of Matter: Gases, Liquids and Solids Changes in State Changes in state are considered physical changes. Other physical properties may also change during a change in state. 4 States of Matter are: Gases, Liquids, Solids Comparison of Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids, and Solids Property Gas Liquid Solid Volume and Shape Expands to fill the volume of its container and takes the shape of its container. Has a fixed volume at a given mass and temperature. Volume depends on its mass and temperature. It assumes the shape of its container. Has a fixed volume which is dependent on its mass and temperature. It has a definite shape. Density Compressibility Particle Motion Low High Virtually free High Very low
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